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客座编辑：Carmen Arena, Rajan Ghimire & Surendran Udayar Pillai

The ecological dynamics of the atmosphere, plants, and soil play a crucial role in shaping how ecosystems respond to environmental changes. These three components are often viewed as a unified system due to their intricate connections. Within this system, the expression of high-level phenotypic traits is influenced by chemical interactions occurring at different locations. These interactions take place at the subcellular level within plant or microbial cells, between cells of plants and microbes, and in the extracellular space between plants and the soil/atmosphere. To fully understand, predict, and manipulate the behaviours of plant-atmosphere-soil systems and their impacts on the environment, it is essential to disentangle the complex network interwoven by various chemical interactions. This Collection invites submissions on the topic of unravelling the complexities of chemical mechanisms by which plants, microbes in soil, and the surrounding air interact and impact one another, shedding light on biotic and abiotic factors that orchestrate the play of this interconnected system.

客座编辑：Catherine Bauge, Chuan-Ju Liu & Csaba Matta

Damaged cartilage has a limited regenerative capacity. Tissue engineered cartilage is therefore being developed for transplantation and repair purposes. To improve tissue engineering techniques and regenerative therapies and to create more effective cartilage replacements, understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in cartilage repair is critical.

This Collection brings together original research that increases our understanding of the properties of cartilage and the molecular mechanisms underlying its degeneration with age and disease, or presents insight into the potential for cartilage repair or regeneration.

客座编辑：Jinsong BAO & Fuzhan Nasiri

Quality engineering comprises a range of operational, managerial, and engineering practices that are employed to ensure that a product meets the necessary quality standards. Reliability is often considered a crucial aspect of quality, referred to as "time-oriented quality" or "quality over time." Failures in a system are hierarchical, meaning that a failure in an elementary unit can give rise to higher-level failures. It is essential to plan for quality and reliability at all levels during the earliest stages of system design to ensure high-quality engineering projects. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the development of advanced numerical models and experimental analytical tools to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of quality and reliability design, assessment, and prognostics for various raw materials, systems, and industrial products.This Collection invites submissions that present new techniques in quality and reliability engineering, including sampling and statistical process control, environmental stress screening and burn-in, as well as life data analysis and modelling.

客座编辑：Chii-Chang Chen, Cher Ming Tan & Alex Yasha Yi

Inorganic light emitting diode (LED) are emitting diodes where the active region is made by an inorganic crystal semiconductor, whose bandgap dictates the wavelength of the light that is emitted by the device. Materials largely used in inorganic LEDs include germanium, gallium arsenide, gallium nitride and indium phosphide as well as other inorganic materials. Widely used in lighting applications - because they overcome technical limitations of traditional lighting technologies - they are also paramount in display systems because of their cost, high brightness, and stability. For all these properties they have attracted research interest in academy and industry, driving the scientific research in the production of the next generation of inorganic LED technologies.

This Collection aims to gather the latest advances in the topic of inorganic LED, focusing on their fabrication and characterisation as well as their use in timely applications in physical science.

客座编辑：Nikos Comoutos, Michał Krzysztofik & Yee Cheng Kueh

Professional athletes are not born with the physical abilities and mental toughness they later display; these aspects of performance are trained over time. Achieving peak sport performance requires physical fitness, focused training, motivation, discipline, stress management, as well as mental resilience. Sport and performance psychology seeks to identify the psychological factors that influence athletic performance and improve mental wellbeing so that elite and amateur athletes alike can realise their potential and find enjoyment in sport. This Collection welcomes original research articles that draw from the fields of Psychology, Neuroscience, and Physiology to investigate the factors that contribute to athletic performance and inform strategies that help athletes build resilience and improve their mental well-being. 

客座编辑：Cesar Bordehore, Patrice Brehmer & Francesco Tiralongo

As vital sources of food, economic security, and cultural identity, fisheries are deeply connected to the livelihood of millions of people worldwide. Yet, increased demand, technological advancements, and poor management, have led to fishing practices that can have devastating and lasting impacts to aquatic ecosystems. To safeguard both fisheries and broader biodiversity, continuous efforts from scientists, policymakers and the public alike are needed to ensure the long-term sustainability of fishing activities.

This Collection offers a platform for the latest original research on sustainable fishing. It invites submissions in the fields of ecology, conservation, environmental sciences, sustainability, and interdisciplinary research, including studies that involve (but are not limited to) a social science or economic analysis component. We believe that contributions from different backgrounds and regions will lead to more comprehensive solutions for the challenges faced by fisheries worldwide; we therefore particularly encourage submissions from researchers in the Global South.

客座编辑：Rafal Bartoszewski, Ru-Jeng Teng & Izabela Podgorski

Protein folding and modification, which occur mainly at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), are necessary for cell growth and signaling. An imbalance in the rates of protein synthesis and folding can lead to unfolded or misfolded proteins, also known as “ER stress.” ER stress can also be caused by cellular stressors, such as nutrient deprivation and low oxygen. Cells cope with ER stress using a mechanism called the unfolded protein response (UPR), which increases the cellular capacity for protein folding, transport, and degradation and which may drive apoptosis under some conditions. Although the UPR is important for homeostasis, misregulation of the process can cause or contribute to disease.

客座编辑：María Carmen Asensio, Diana Berman & Sanju Gupta

Since its discovery in 2004, graphene has received extensive academic and industry research attention because of its fascinating properties - e.g. lightweight, flexibility, electrical and thermal conductivity, transparency, etc. It has provided a new platform for materials research and nanotechnology to satisfy the latest societal needs, laying a path towards a technology revolution. Among 2D materials, graphene and its derivatives have been essential for the next generation of products and devices, which can be paramount for a wide range of applications from biomedical to electronics.

This Collection aims to gather the latest advances in the topic of graphene, focusing on its use in applications such as biomedical, composites and coatings, membranes, electronics, and sensors.

客座编辑：Christopher M. Heckscher & Charles B. Yackulic

Animal migration has long fascinated humans, representing some of the most astonishing phenomenon in the natural world. Migration can be defined as the movement of members of a species between habitats to take advantage of favourable ecological and environmental conditions, often in a cyclical and seasonal basis. All kinds of animals migrate, from the herds of wildebeest in the Serengeti, salmon swimming upriver to spawn, monarch butterflies seeking warmer winter habitats, to the daily vertical movements of zooplankton in the water column. These large-scale movements are essential not only for the survival of migrating animals themselves, but for the whole ecosystems they travel through and to.

This Collection welcomes all original research with a focus on animal migration. This includes fundamental biological mechanisms, complex ecological interactions, impacts of climate change and human pressures, and large-scale studies on conservation efforts and biodiversity preservation. We encourage multi- and interdisciplinary studies.

Scientific Reports 《科学报告》

An open access journal publishing original research from across all areas of the natural sciences, psychology, medicine and engineering.

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