每天一个摆脱if-else工程师的技巧——优雅的参数校验

一、前言

@RestControllerpublic class TestController {
    private static final Pattern ID_CARD_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("(^\\d{15}$)|(^\\d{18}$)|(^\\d{17}(\\d|X|x)$)");    private static final Pattern MOBILE_PHONE_PATTERN = Pattern.compile("^(13[0-9]|14[01456879]|15[0-35-9]|16[2567]|17[0-8]|18[0-9]|19[0-35-9])\\d{8}$");
    @RequestMapping(value = "/api/saveUser", method = RequestMethod.POST)    public Result<Boolean> saveUser(UserRequest user) {        if (StringUtils.isBlank(user.getUserName())) {            throw new IllegalArgumentException("用户姓名不能为空");        }        if (Objects.isNull(user.getGender())) {            throw new IllegalArgumentException("性别不能为空");        }        if (Objects.isNull(GenderType.getGenderType(user.getGender()))) {            throw new IllegalArgumentException("性别错误");        }        if (Objects.isNull(user.getAge())) {            throw new IllegalArgumentException("年龄不能为空");        }        if (user.getAge() < 0 || user.getAge() > 150) {            throw new IllegalArgumentException("年龄必须在0-150之间");        }        if (StringUtils.isBlank(user.getIdCard())) {            throw new IllegalArgumentException("身份证号不能为空");        }        if (!ID_CARD_PATTERN.matcher(user.getIdCard()).find()) {            throw new IllegalArgumentException("身份证号格式错误");        }        if (StringUtils.isBlank(user.getMobilePhone())) {            throw new IllegalArgumentException("手机号不能为空");        }        if (!MOBILE_PHONE_PATTERN.matcher(user.getIdCard()).find()) {            throw new IllegalArgumentException("手机号格式错误");        }        // 省略其他业务代码        return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.OK);    }}

二、实践

@Datapublic class UserRequest {    @NotBlank(message = "用户ID不能为空")    private String userId;    @NotBlank(message = "电话号码不能为空")    @Pattern(regexp = "^(13[0-9]|14[01456879]|15[0-35-9]|16[2567]|17[0-8]|18[0-9]|19[0-35-9])\\d{8}$", message = "电话号码格式错误")    private String mobilePhone;
    @Min(message = "年龄必须大于0", value = 0)    @Max(message = "年龄不能超过150", value = 150)    private Integer age;

    @NotNull(message = "用户详情不能为空")    @Valid    private UserDetail userDetail;    //省略其他参数}

@RestControllerpublic class TestController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/api/saveUser", method = RequestMethod.POST)    public ResponseEntity<BaseResult> saveUser(@Validated @RequestBody UserRequest user) {        // 省略其他业务代码        return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.OK);    }}

{  "timestamp": 1666777674977,  "status": 400,  "error": "Bad Request",  "exception": "org.springframework.web.bind.MethodArgumentNotValidException",  "errors": [    {      "codes": [        "NotBlank.UserRequest.mobilePhone",        "NotBlank.mobilePhone",        "NotBlank.java.lang.String",        "NotBlank"      ],      "arguments": [        {          "codes": [            "UserRequest.mobilePhone",            "mobilePhone"          ],          "arguments": null,          "defaultMessage": "mobilePhone",          "code": "mobilePhone"        }      ],      "defaultMessage": "电话号码不能为空",      "objectName": "UserRequest",      "field": "mobilePhone",      "rejectedValue": null,      "bindingFailure": false,      "code": "NotBlank"    }  ],  "message": "Validation failed for object='UserRequest'. Error count: 1",  "path": "/api/saveUser"}

@RestControllerAdvicepublic class GlobalExceptionHandler {
    @ExceptionHandler(MethodArgumentNotValidException.class)    @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)    public BaseResult handlerMethodArgumentNotValidException(MethodArgumentNotValidException e) {        FieldError fieldError = e.getBindingResult().getFieldErrors().get(0);        return new BaseResult(CommonResultCode.ILLEGAL_PARAMETERS.getErrorCode(),                "入参中的" + fieldError.getField() + fieldError.getDefaultMessage(), EagleEye.getTraceId());    }
}

{  "success": false,  "errorCode": "ILLEGAL_PARAMETERS",  "errorMessage": "入参中的mobilePhone电话号码不能为空",  "traceId": "1ef9749316674663696111017d73c9",  "extInfo": {}}

@Datapublic class UserRequest {    @NotBlank(message = "用户ID不能为空", groups = {UpdateUser.class})    private String userId;    @NotBlank(message = "电话号码不能为空", groups = {UpdateUser.class, InsertUser.class})    @Pattern(regexp = "^(13[0-9]|14[01456879]|15[0-35-9]|16[2567]|17[0-8]|18[0-9]|19[0-35-9])\\d{8}$", message = "电话号码格式错误")    private String mobilePhone;
    @Min(message = "年龄必须大于0", value = 0, groups = {UpdateUser.class, InsertUser.class})    @Max(message = "年龄不能超过150", value = 150, groups = {UpdateUser.class, InsertUser.class})    private Integer age;

    @NotNull(message = "用户详情不能为空", groups = {UpdateUser.class, InsertUser.class})    @Valid    private UserDetail userDetail;    //省略其他参数}

@RestControllerpublic class TestController {
    @RequestMapping(value = "/api/saveUser", method = RequestMethod.POST)    public ResponseEntity<BaseResult> saveUser(@Validated(value = InsertUser.class) @RequestBody UserRequest user) {        // 省略其他业务代码        return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.OK);    }}

public enum GenderEnum implements BasicEnum {    male("male", "男"),    female("female", "女");
    private String code;
    private String desc;    // 省略其他}

@Target({ElementType.METHOD, ElementType.FIELD})@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Constraint(validatedBy = InEnumValidator.class)public @interface InEnum {    /**     * 枚举类型     *     * @return     */    Class<? extends BasicEnum> enumType();
    String message() default "枚举类型不匹配";
    Class<?>[] groups() default { };
    Class<? extends Payload>[] payload() default { };}

public class InEnumValidator implements ConstraintValidator<InEnum, Object> {    private Class<? extends BasicEnum> enumType;
    @Override    public void initialize(InEnum inEnum) {        enumType = inEnum.enumType();    }
    @Override    public boolean isValid(Object object, ConstraintValidatorContext constraintValidatorContext) {        if (object == null) {            return true;        }
        if (enumType == null || !enumType.isEnum()) {            return false;        }
        for (BasicEnum basicEnum : enumType.getEnumConstants()) {            if (basicEnum.getCode().equals(object)) {                return true;            }        }        return false;    }}

@Datapublic class UserRequest {    @InEnum(enumType = GenderEnum.class, message = "用户性别不在枚举范围内")    private String gender;    //省略其他参数}

{  "success": false,  "errorCode": "ILLEGAL_PARAMETERS",  "errorMessage": "入参中的gender用户性别不在枚举范围内",  "traceId": "1ef9749316674663696111017d73c9",  "extInfo": {}}

public class MethodValidationPostProcessor extends AbstractBeanFactoryAwareAdvisingPostProcessor    implements InitializingBean {
  private Class<? extends Annotation> validatedAnnotationType = Validated.class;
    // 这个是javax.validation.Validator  private Validator validator;

  // 可以传入自定义注解  public void setValidatedAnnotationType(Class<? extends Annotation> validatedAnnotationType) {    Assert.notNull(validatedAnnotationType, "'validatedAnnotationType' must not be null");    this.validatedAnnotationType = validatedAnnotationType;  }
    // 默认情况下，使用LocalValidatorFactoryBean进行校验，也可以传入自定义的Validator  public void setValidator(Validator validator) {    // Unwrap to the native Validator with forExecutables support    if (validator instanceof LocalValidatorFactoryBean) {      this.validator = ((LocalValidatorFactoryBean) validator).getValidator();    }    else if (validator instanceof SpringValidatorAdapter) {      this.validator = validator.unwrap(Validator.class);    }    else {      this.validator = validator;    }  }
    // 可以传入自定义ValidatorFactory  public void setValidatorFactory(ValidatorFactory validatorFactory) {    this.validator = validatorFactory.getValidator();  }

  @Override  public void afterPropertiesSet() {    Pointcut pointcut = new AnnotationMatchingPointcut(this.validatedAnnotationType, true);    this.advisor = new DefaultPointcutAdvisor(pointcut, createMethodValidationAdvice(this.validator));  }
    // 使用MethodValidationInterceptor切面  protected Advice createMethodValidationAdvice(Validator validator) {    return (validator != null ? new MethodValidationInterceptor(validator) : new MethodValidationInterceptor());  }
}

public class MethodValidationInterceptor implements MethodInterceptor {
    //xxx
  @Override  @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")  public Object invoke(MethodInvocation invocation) throws Throwable {    // 如果是FactoryBean.getObject() 方法，就不要校验了    if (isFactoryBeanMetadataMethod(invocation.getMethod())) {      return invocation.proceed();    }
        // 获取方法上@Validated注解里的分组信息    Class<?>[] groups = determineValidationGroups(invocation);
    if (forExecutablesMethod != null) {      // Standard Bean Validation 1.1 API      Object execVal;      try {        execVal = ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(forExecutablesMethod, this.validator);      }      catch (AbstractMethodError err) {        Validator nativeValidator = this.validator.unwrap(Validator.class);        execVal = ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(forExecutablesMethod, nativeValidator);        this.validator = nativeValidator;      }
      Method methodToValidate = invocation.getMethod();      Set<ConstraintViolation<?>> result;            // 对方法的参数进行验证，验证结果保存在 result 中，如果验证失败，result 不为空，            // 此时会抛出异常 ConstraintViolationException      try {        result = (Set<ConstraintViolation<?>>) ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(validateParametersMethod,            execVal, invocation.getThis(), methodToValidate, invocation.getArguments(), groups);      }      catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) {        // Probably a generic type mismatch between interface and impl as reported in SPR-12237 / HV-1011        // Let's try to find the bridged method on the implementation class...        methodToValidate = BridgeMethodResolver.findBridgedMethod(            ClassUtils.getMostSpecificMethod(invocation.getMethod(), invocation.getThis().getClass()));        result = (Set<ConstraintViolation<?>>) ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(validateParametersMethod,            execVal, invocation.getThis(), methodToValidate, invocation.getArguments(), groups);      }      if (!result.isEmpty()) {        throw new ConstraintViolationException(result);      }
            // 调用目标方法      Object returnValue = invocation.proceed();
            // 对方法执行的返回值进行验证 ，验证结果保存在 result 中，如果验证失败，result 不为空，            // 此时会抛出异常 ConstraintViolationException      result = (Set<ConstraintViolation<?>>) ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(validateReturnValueMethod,          execVal, invocation.getThis(), methodToValidate, returnValue, groups);      if (!result.isEmpty()) {        throw new ConstraintViolationException(result);      }      return returnValue;    }
    else {      // Hibernate Validator 4.3's native API      return HibernateValidatorDelegate.invokeWithinValidation(invocation, this.validator, groups);    }  }
  //xxx
}

public class SpringValidatorAdapter implements SmartValidator, javax.validation.Validator {
  // 约束注解必要的三个成员属性  private static final Set<String> internalAnnotationAttributes = new HashSet<String>(3);
  static {    // 命中约束的错误提示信息    internalAnnotationAttributes.add("message");     // 分组校验使用    internalAnnotationAttributes.add("groups");    // 负载    internalAnnotationAttributes.add("payload");  }
  private javax.validation.Validator targetValidator;

  // 创建一个适配器  public SpringValidatorAdapter(javax.validation.Validator targetValidator) {    Assert.notNull(targetValidator, "Target Validator must not be null");    this.targetValidator = targetValidator;  }
  SpringValidatorAdapter() {  }
  void setTargetValidator(javax.validation.Validator targetValidator) {    this.targetValidator = targetValidator;  }
  @Override  public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {    return (this.targetValidator != null);  }
  // 调用校验器校验目标对象，把Validator校验的结果-ConstraintViolations错误信息，都放在Errors的BindingResult里  // 总之，就是把失败信息对象转换成spring内部的验证失败信息对象  @Override  public void validate(Object target, Errors errors) {    if (this.targetValidator != null) {      processConstraintViolations(this.targetValidator.validate(target), errors);    }  }  // 省略其他}

public interface SchedulerServiceClient {    /**     * 获取应用不同环境的所有定时任务     * @param appName 应用名称     * @param env 环境     * @param status 任务状态     * @param userId 用户工号     * @return     */    List<JobConfigInfo> queryJobList(@NotBlank(message = "应用名称不能为空")String appName,                                      @NotBlank(message = "环境不能为空")String env,                                      Integer status,                                      @NotBlank(message = "用户id不能为空")String userId);}

@Component@Slf4j(topic = "BIZ-SERVICE")@HSFProvider(serviceInterface = SchedulerServiceClient.class, clientTimeout = 3000)@Validatedpublic class SchedulerServiceClientImpl implements SchedulerServiceClient {
    @Override    @Log(type = LogSourceEnum.SERVICE)    public List<JobConfigInfo> queryJobList(String appName, String env, Integer status, String userId) {        // 省略业务代码    }

@Datapublic class CreateDingNotificationRequest extends ToString {    /**     * 通知类型     */    @NotNull(message = "通知类型不能为空")    @InEnum(enumType = ProcessControlDingTypeEnum.class, message = "通知类型不在枚举值范围内")    private String dingType;    // 省略其他}

public interface ProcessControlDingService {
    /**    * 发送钉钉通知    * @param request    * @return    **/    void createDingNotification(@Valid CreateDingNotificationRequest request);
}

@Component@HSFProvider(serviceInterface = ProcessControlDingService.class, clientTimeout = 5000)@Validatedpublic class ProcessControlDingServiceImpl implements ProcessControlDingService {
    private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(LoggerNames.BIZ_SERVICE);
    @Autowired    private ProcessControlTaskService processControlTaskService;
    @Override    @Log(type = LogSourceEnum.SERVICE)    public void createDingNotification(CreateDingNotificationRequest request) {        // 省略业务代码    }}

// 返回 bean 中所有约束违反约束校验结果Set<ConstraintViolation<T>> violationSet = FastValidatorUtils.validate(bean);

@Aspect@Component@Slf4j(topic = "BIZ-SERVICE")public class RequestValidAspect {
    @Around("@annotation(requestValid)")    public Object around(ProceedingJoinPoint joinPoint, RequestValid requestValid) throws Throwable {        // 获取方法入参、入参类型、出参类型        Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();        MethodSignature signature = (MethodSignature) joinPoint.getSignature();        Class<?>[] parameterTypes = signature.getParameterTypes();        Class<?> returnType = signature.getMethod().getReturnType();
        // 调用前校验每个入参        for (Object arg : args) {            if (arg == null) {                continue;            }            try {                if (arg instanceof List && ((List<?>) arg).size() > 0) {                    for (int j = 0; j < ((List<?>) arg).size(); j++) {                        validate(((List<?>) arg).get(j));                    }                } else {                    validate(arg);                }            } catch (AlscBoltBizValidateException e) {                // 将异常处理为需要的格式返回            }        }
        // 方法运行后校验是否有入参约束        Object result;        try {            result = joinPoint.proceed();        } catch (ConstraintViolationException e) {            // 将异常处理为需要的格式返回        }        return result;    }
    public static <T> void validate(T t) {        try {            Set<ConstraintViolation<T>> res = FastValidatorUtils.validate(t);            if (!res.isEmpty()) {                ConstraintViolation<T> constraintViolation = res.iterator().next();                FastValidatorHelper.throwFastValidateException(constraintViolation);            }
            LoggerUtil.info(log, "validator,校验成功");        } catch (FastValidatorException e) {            LoggerUtil.error(log, "validator,校验报错,request=[{}],result=[{}]", JSON.toJSONString(t),                    e.getMessage());            throw new AlscBoltBizValidateException(CommonResultCode.ILLEGAL_PARAMETERS, e.getMessage());        }    }}

    @Override    @RequestValid    public boolean saveCheckResult(List<CheckResultInfoModel> models) {        //xxxx    }

三、最后