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客座编辑：Irfan Aziz, Radhouane Ben-Hamadou & Zachary T. Long

The coast is a narrow but very complex and dynamic region where land and ocean meet. Coastal ecosystems are amongst the most biodiverse and productive on Earth, including estuaries, mangroves, wetlands, intertidal zones, seagrass meadows, and coral reefs. These ecosystems provide a wealth of resources and services for human communities, but are also under significant threat from climate change, overexploitation, pollution, and other anthropogenic pressures. It is therefore vital to better understand the highly intricate ecological networks of coastal communities, if we are to successfully preserve, manage and improve the health of these ecosystems in the coming decades.

This Collection welcomes submissions from all fields of ecology, conservation, environmental sciences, sustainability, and interdisciplinary research, with a focus on coastal ecosystems and the organisms found within them.

客座编辑：Indrikis Krams, Satoshi Ogawa & Peter Schausberger

Sexual selection was first proposed by Charles Darwin and can be considered a “special case” of natural selection, by which fitness and reproductive success of an individual is primarily determined by its ability to choose or compete for a mate. Sexual selection has shaped morphological and behavioural adaptations across the tree of life, sometimes to extreme effect, from ornate plumage in birds-of-paradise, elaborate courtships in some spiders, to antlers in deer. Sexual selection can act before copulation (e.g., mating displays or outcompeting rivals), but also act after copulation (e.g., sperm competition). Defining the concept of sexual selection, the instances when it applies and processes underlying it, are active areas of research in evolutionary biology.

This Collection invites submissions on the latest research focusing on sexual selection, across the whole tree of life, welcoming integrative and multidisciplinary studies.

客座编辑：Amir H. Ahkami, Hiromi Imamura, Jiannis (Ioannis) Ragoussis & Kanhaiya Singh

Single cell analysis methods are used to study individual cells within a heterogeneous population, providing insights into cellular behavior that may be masked in bulk measurements. These methods involve isolating single cells and performing molecular or imaging analyses on them. Single cell analyses are used in various fields, including cell and developmental biology, cancer research, and immunology. Advances in single cell technologies have enabled the characterization of entire transcriptomes and proteomes of individual cells, providing insights into cellular heterogeneity.

This Collections seeks submissions using methods like single cell sequencing, imaging, or proteomics to advance our understanding of cellular functions.

客座编辑：Jinsong BAO & Fuzhan Nasiri

Quality engineering comprises a range of operational, managerial, and engineering practices that are employed to ensure that a product meets the necessary quality standards. Reliability is often considered a crucial aspect of quality, referred to as "time-oriented quality" or "quality over time." Failures in a system are hierarchical, meaning that a failure in an elementary unit can give rise to higher-level failures. It is essential to plan for quality and reliability at all levels during the earliest stages of system design to ensure high-quality engineering projects. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the development of advanced numerical models and experimental analytical tools to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of quality and reliability design, assessment, and prognostics for various raw materials, systems, and industrial products.This Collection invites submissions that present new techniques in quality and reliability engineering, including sampling and statistical process control, environmental stress screening and burn-in, as well as life data analysis and modelling.

客座编辑：Florina Uzefovsky & Jonna K. Vuoskoski

Empathy refers to our ability to understand a person from their frame of reference rather than one’s own, or vicariously experience that person’s feelings and thoughts. Developing empathy is critical for building relationships and promoting prosocial behavior. Research on the cognitive, social, and neural mechanisms of how humans empathize with others, and on the factors that drive individual differences in empathic skills, or lack thereof, has been at the forefront of psychology, psychiatry, and neuroscience. This Collection welcomes original work from all these areas reporting basic, behavioral, and clinical research on empathy.

客座编辑：Cesar Bordehore, Patrice Brehmer & Francesco Tiralongo

As vital sources of food, economic security, and cultural identity, fisheries are deeply connected to the livelihood of millions of people worldwide. Yet, increased demand, technological advancements, and poor management, have led to fishing practices that can have devastating and lasting impacts to aquatic ecosystems. To safeguard both fisheries and broader biodiversity, continuous efforts from scientists, policymakers and the public alike are needed to ensure the long-term sustainability of fishing activities.

This Collection offers a platform for the latest original research on sustainable fishing. It invites submissions in the fields of ecology, conservation, environmental sciences, sustainability, and interdisciplinary research, including studies that involve (but are not limited to) a social science or economic analysis component. We believe that contributions from different backgrounds and regions will lead to more comprehensive solutions for the challenges faced by fisheries worldwide; we therefore particularly encourage submissions from researchers in the Global South.

客座编辑：Kazuyuki Sakamoto, Jiabao Yi & Lin Zhu

Spin interactions in chemical reactions considers electron spins and their effects on reaction mechanisms and outcomes. Electron spin plays a crucial role in various chemical processes, particularly in reactions involving transition metal complexes and organic molecules with unpaired electrons. Organic radical pairs stand as a prevalent consequence of spin chemical effects, stemming from their formation in either a singlet or triplet state through reactions that uphold electron spin conservation. The generated radical pairs can also transition between their singlet and triplet states through coherent interconversion, driven by the intricate interplay of Zeeman, hyperfine, exchange, and dipolar interactions. The ramifications of spin-chemical phenomena extend far beyond their inherent complexity, offering an unparalleled lens through which to resolve the structure, reactivity, and dynamics of intermediates in chemical processes. This multidimensional insight finds applications across diverse scientific domains. Examples include photosynthesis, organic semiconductors, quantum computing, and NMR sensitivity enhancement.

In this Collection, we invite original research that deepens the understanding of spin state dynamics and spin effects and harnesses the gained insights to design novel reactions, catalytic processes, and materials with tailored functionalities.

客座编辑：Sooyeon Hwang, Xiu-Liang Ma, Susheng Tan & Hongzhou Zhang

Nanostructures have recently widely attracted research attention due to their extraordinary physical and chemical properties which are essential in a variety of applications including energy conversion and storage, electronic and optoelectronic applications. To develop, characterise, and use such structures, it is necessary to image and probe their forms; standard optical imaging techniques are not suitable to probe such structures, due to the diffraction of light with wavelengths larger than the structures themselves. For this reason, the research community have worked in developing a range of imaging and probing techniques that allow to see far beyond the optical capabilities: scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), etc. use electron beams to probe samples allowing the much smaller electron wavelength to define the resolution limit; whilst atomic force microscopy (AFM), scanning near-field optical microscopy (SNOM), etc. use probes dragged across the surface (like a needle on a record) to measure extremely small changes in structure.

This Collection invites submissions reporting the latest advances in imaging techniques for nanostructures and their uses in modern applications, with particular focus on physical disciplines.

Scientific Reports 《科学报告》

An open access journal publishing original research from across all areas of the natural sciences, psychology, medicine and engineering.

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