Nature子刊 | 新研究为儿童实体瘤挖掘潜在CAR-T疗法靶点
研究团队从海量RNA测序数据中,精准高效地筛选出那些在肿瘤细胞中高表达、但在正常组织中低表达的癌症特异性外显子(CSE)。 研究团队从16种儿童实体瘤和脑瘤中,识别出157个基因的2,933个癌症特异性外显子(CSE)。这些基因编码的蛋白质存在于细胞表面或细胞外基质中,可以被免疫系统识别。大部分(93%)被识别的CSE都是从未被报道过的新靶点,为免疫治疗提供了更广阔的选择。研究团队之所以能发现如此多的潜在靶点,主要归功于以下几个方面:
要求CSE在肿瘤样本中的表达水平明显高于正常组织。 排除那些在重要器官(如脑、肝、肺、骨髓等)中高表达的CSE。
验证部分靶点的表达和功能
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排版 | Sheila 校对 | uu
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*本文由深圳市拾玉儿童公益基金会“儿童肿瘤前沿”团队编译或约稿,文中图表均源引自文献原文。本文著作权归文章作者所有,欢迎个人转发分享,未经允许禁止转载,作者拥有所有法定权利,违者必究。如需转载,请留言或联系[email protected]。本文旨在分享儿童肿瘤科研前沿成果,不是治疗方案推荐。如需获得疾病治疗方案指导,请前往正规医院就诊。
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原文摘要(Abstract)
Immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor T cells for pediatric solid and brain tumors is constrained by available targetable antigens. Cancer-specific exons present a promising reservoir of targets; however, these have not been explored and validated systematically in a pan-cancer fashion. To identify cancer specific exon targets, here we analyze 1532 RNA-seq datasets from 16 types of pediatric solid and brain tumors for comparison with normal tissues using a newly developed workflow. We find 2933 exons in 157 genes encoding proteins of the surfaceome or matrisome with high cancer specificity either at the gene (n = 148) or the alternatively spliced isoform (n = 9) level. Expression of selected alternatively spliced targets, including the EDB domain of fibronectin 1, and gene targets, such as COL11A1, are validated in pediatric patient derived xenograft tumors. We generate T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptors specific for the EDB domain or COL11A1 and demonstrate that these have antitumor activity. The full target list, explorable via an interactive web portal ( https://cseminer.stjude.org/ ), provides a rich resource for developing immunotherapy of pediatric solid and brain tumors using gene or AS targets with high expression specificity in cancer.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47649-y