Nature | CAR-T治愈白血病的关键,和这种T细胞亚型密切相关!
作者获取了695819个输注前CAR T细胞的单细胞转录组和17个表面蛋白表达数据,通过聚类分析和UMAP可视化,根据特定刺激条件和标志物(如CD4,CD8,CD69和CD62L)的表达量,识别并总结出共17个亚群。这其中有8个处于基础状态的CAR T亚群,接受刺激后这些细胞表现出多种T细胞特征,包括1型(Th1),2型(Th2),9型(Th9)和17型(Th17)特征,说明这些基础CAR T细胞亚型具有多样的免疫功能。
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史上最大队列!儿童急性淋巴细胞白血病全基因组及基因表达图谱发表
单细胞技术鉴定对弥漫性大B细胞淋巴瘤有临床效果的CAR-T细胞亚群
*本文由深圳市拾玉儿童公益基金会“儿童肿瘤前沿”团队编译或约稿,文中图表均源引自文献原文。本文著作权归文章作者所有,欢迎个人转发分享,未经允许禁止转载,作者拥有所有法定权利,违者必究。如需转载,请留言或联系[email protected]。本文旨在分享儿童肿瘤科研前沿成果,不是治疗方案推荐。如需获得疾病治疗方案指导,请前往正规医院就诊。
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原文摘要(Abstract)
Despite a high response rate in chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy for acute lymphocytic leukaemia (ALL)1-3, approximately 50% of patients relapse within the first year4-6, representing an urgent question to address in the next stage of cellular immunotherapy. Here, to investigate the molecular determinants of ultralong CAR T cell persistence, we obtained a single-cell multi-omics atlas from 695,819 pre-infusion CAR T cells at the basal level or after CAR-specific stimulation from 82 paediatric patients with ALL enrolled in the first two CAR T ALL clinical trials and 6 healthy donors. We identified that elevated type 2 functionality in CAR T infusion products is significantly associated with patients maintaining a median B cell aplasia duration of 8.4 years. Analysis of ligand-receptor interactions revealed that type 2 cells regulate a dysfunctional subset to maintain whole-population homeostasis, and the addition of IL-4 during antigen-specific activation alleviates CAR T cell dysfunction while enhancing fitness at both transcriptomic and epigenomic levels. Serial proteomic profiling of sera after treatment revealed a higher level of circulating type 2 cytokines in 5-year or 8-year relapse-free responders. In a leukaemic mouse model, type 2high CAR T cell products demonstrated superior expansion and antitumour activity, particularly after leukaemia rechallenge. Restoring antitumour efficacy in type 2low CAR T cells was attainable by enhancing their type 2 functionality, either through incorporating IL-4 into the manufacturing process or by priming manufactured CAR T products with IL-4 before infusion. Our findings provide insights into the mediators of durable CAR T therapy response and suggest potential therapeutic strategies to sustain long-term remission by boosting type 2 functionality in CAR T cells.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07762-w