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手把手教你正确扩容Exadata / 根目录

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背景

运维Oracle Exadata的同事都会被根目录太小这个问题困扰,想扩容,又担心Exadata太封闭出现问题,那么我们该如何正确的扩容呢?

操作开始

  1. 查看根文件系统详细信息:
  [root@x9mdbadm01 ~]# df -h /  Filesystem                    Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on  /dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbSys1   15G  9.0G  6.1G  60% /   --默认15G  [root@x9mdbadm01 ~]#
  1. 查看LV信息:
[root@x9mdbadm01 ~]# lvs -o lv_name,lv_path,vg_name,lv_size  LV                     Path                                VG      LSize    LVDbHome               /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbHome               VGExaDb   4.00g  LVDbOra1               /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbOra1               VGExaDb 200.00g  LVDbSwap1              /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbSwap1              VGExaDb  16.00g  LVDbSys1               /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbSys1               VGExaDb  15.00g  --根分区1   LVDbSys2               /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbSys2               VGExaDb  15.00g  --根分区2  LVDbTmp                /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbTmp                VGExaDb   3.00g  LVDbVar1               /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbVar1               VGExaDb   2.00g  LVDbVar2               /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbVar2               VGExaDb   2.00g  LVDbVarLog             /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbVarLog             VGExaDb  18.00g  LVDbVarLogAudit        /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbVarLogAudit        VGExaDb   1.00g  LVDbVdX9MDBADM01DATAC1 /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbVdX9MDBADM01DATAC1 VGExaDb 128.00m  LVDbVdX9MDBADM01RECOC1 /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbVdX9MDBADM01RECOC1 VGExaDb 128.00m  LVDoNotRemoveOrUse     /dev/VGExaDb/LVDoNotRemoveOrUse     VGExaDb   2.00g  lcy1                   /dev/VGExaDb/lcy1                   VGExaDb  20.00g  lcy2                   /dev/VGExaDb/lcy2                   VGExaDb  20.00g  lcy3                   /dev/VGExaDb/lcy3                   VGExaDb  20.00g  test                   /dev/VGExaDb/test                   VGExaDb 100.00m[root@x9mdbadm01 ~]#
  1. 查看根文件系统类型:
[root@x9mdbadm01 ~]# df -hT /Filesystem                   Type  Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbSys1 xfs    15G  9.0G  6.1G  60% /     --这里是xfs类型[root@x9mdbadm01 ~]#
  1. 查看VG的空间使用情况:
[root@x9mdbadm01 ~]# vgdisplay -s  "VGExaDb" 3.48 TiB  [<338.35 GiB used / 3.15 TiB free][root@x9mdbadm01 ~]#
  1. 先扩容根文件系统对应的LV:
#lvextend -L +100G --verbose /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbSys1#lvextend -L +100G --verbose /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbSys2
  1. 扩文件系统

6.1 活动分区扩容:

#xfs_growfs /

6.2 非活动分区

#mkdir /lcy_tmp#mount -t xfs /dev/VGExaDb/LVDbSys2 /lcy_tmp#xfs_growfs  /lcy_tmp

6.3 扩容后检查

[root@x9mdbadm01 ~]# df -hFilesystem                           Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted ondevtmpfs                            1008G     0 1008G   0% /devtmpfs                                2.0T  3.0G  2.0T   1% /dev/shmtmpfs                               1008G  9.8M 1008G   1% /runtmpfs                               1008G     0 1008G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbSys1         115G  9.0G  107G   8% /    --已扩容到目标大小/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbTmp          3.0G   55M  3.0G   2% /tmp/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbHome         4.0G   33M  4.0G   1% /home/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbVar1         2.0G  122M  1.9G   6% /var/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbVarLog        18G  2.5G   16G  14% /var/log/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbVarLogAudit 1014M  155M  860M  16% /var/log/audit/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbOra1         200G   40G  161G  20% /u01/dev/md24p1                          7.2G   84M  7.2G   2% /boot/dev/md24p2                          254M  7.5M  247M   3% /boot/efi/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-lcy1              20G   45M   19G   1% /lcy1tmpfs                                202G     0  202G   0% /run/user/1001tmpfs                                202G     0  202G   0% /run/user/0/dev/mapper/VGExaDb-LVDbSys2         115G   34M  115G   1% /lcy_tmp --已扩容到目标大小

6.4 善后处理:

#umount /lcy_tmp#rmdir  /lcy_tmp

这里为什么要扩容同时扩容两个lvm,因为一个lvm active活动的根目录,另外一个lvm是做备份使用的。通常用于upgrade xd image时作为活动卷的一致性备份使用,如果出升级出现故障时,可以快速回滚。

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Exadata X9M根文件系统扩容步骤:参考文档:https://docs.oracle.com/en/engineered-systems/exadata-database-machine/dbmmn/maintaining-exadata-database-servers.html#GUID-B44493AA-085C-4840-ADD3-0757C549797E

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