护脊书包值得买吗?怎样给孩子挑选合适的书包?
基本模式
基本背负系统:NASA宇航服背包
图 源 | http://www.icollector.com/Toxic-Fuel-Handler-s-SCAPE-Suit_i16195396
高级模式
高级背负系统:Kelty户外背包
图 源 | https://www.kelty.com/falcon-4000/
因此,各位家长在选购书包的时候,不需要唯价格论,只需要考虑两个问题:
双肩包的背负舒适性高于斜跨[6]; 双肩包的肩带不需要弹性,尼龙的肩带要好于弹性较大的肩带[7]; 较短的肩带有助于降低颈肩部肌肉不适的发生率[8]; 负载的重心越偏下,体感重量会越轻[9]; 带有腰部固定带的背包,腰部可以有效的承担部分载荷,从而可以降低肩部载荷[10]; 背包的肩带宽度一般在5-8cm之间,肩带宽度越宽,背负的肩部舒适性越好[11]。
参考文献
1.The relationship between back pain and schoolbag use: a cross-sectional study of 5,318 Italian students. Aprile I, Di Stasio E, Vincenzi MT, Arezzo MF, De Santis F, Mosca R, Briani C, Di Sipio E, Germanotta M, Padua L. Spine J. 2016 Jun;16(6):748-55. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2016.01.214. Epub 2016 Feb 12.
2.Correlation between backpack weight and way of carrying, sagittal and frontal spinal curvatures, athletic activity, and dorsal and low back pain in schoolchildren and adolescents. Korovessis P, Koureas G, Papazisis Z. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2004 Feb;17(1):33-40. doi: 10.1097/00024720-200402000-00008.
3.Do schoolbags cause back pain in children and adolescents? A systematic review. Yamato TP, Maher CG, Traeger AC, Wiliams CM, Kamper SJ. Br J Sports Med. 2018 Oct;52(19):1241-1245. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2017-098927. Epub 2018 May 2. PMID: 29720469 Review.
4.Southard S A , Mirka G A . An evaluation of backpack harness systems in non-neutral torso postures[J]. Applied Ergonomics, 2007, 38(5):541-547.
5.Ramadan M Z , Al-Tayyar S N . Research Article Development and Experimental Verification of an Ergonomic Backpack[J]. BioMed Research International, 2020, 2020(2).
6.Effect of asymmetrical backpack load on spinal curvature in school children. Drzał-Grabiec J, Truszczyńska A, Rykała J, Rachwał M, Snela S, Podgórska J. Work. 2015 Jun 5;51(2):383-8. doi: 10.3233/WOR-141981.
7.Analyzing the potential benefits of using a backpack with non-flexible straps. Mallakzadeh M, Javidi M, Azimi S, Monshizadeh H. Work. 2016 Apr 8;54(1):11-20. doi: 10.3233/WOR-162293.。
6.Effect of backpack shoulder straps length on cervical posture and upper trapezius pressure pain threshold. Abdelraouf OR, Hamada HA, Selim A, Shendy W, Zakaria H. J Phys Ther Sci. 2016 Sep;28(9):2437-2440. doi: 10.1589/jpts.28.2437. Epub 2016 Sep 29.
8.The effect of backpack load placement on physiological and self-reported measures of exertion. Golriz S, Peiffer JJ, Walker BF, Foreman KB, Hebert JJ. Work. 2018;61(2):273-279. doi: 10.3233/WOR-182798.
9.The effect of backpack load placement on physiological and self-reported measures of exertion.Golriz S, Hebert JJ, Foreman KB, Walker BF. Ergonomics. 2015;58(1):140-7. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2014.960010. Epub 2014 Sep 30.
10.The effect of shoulder strap width and load placement on shoulder-backpack interface pressure. Golriz S, Hebert JJ, Bo Foreman K, Walker BF. Work. 2017;58(4):455-461. doi: 10.3233/WOR-172651.
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医学校对:儿童骨科唐欣 医生
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