中国日报双语新闻

牙上塞菜叶不仅“社死”,多半是牙齿在向你求救!

今天是国际爱牙日(Love Teeth Day),不出所料,爱牙如命的双语君又要来科普牙齿的知识了……
人在河边走,哪会没塞过牙。美人再美,牙齿上塞了个菜叶子可就大煞风景了。

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塞牙(Food impaction),又叫食物嵌塞。多数情况下紧急处理一下,剔一下牙就好。但是你知道吗,“塞牙”也许是牙齿发出的求救信号……

为什么有些牙齿容易塞牙?

▌牙齿不齐(Crooked Teeth)

牙齿不齐是最常见的塞牙原因。整齐排列的牙齿犹如列阵的士兵,在进食的时候可以共进共退,进退有度,所以不容易导致食物嵌塞。而排列不弃的牙齿则正好相反,站位不佳导致进食时有薄弱之处,导致食物容易在此嵌塞。
Unevenly spaced teeth are the most common cause of food impaction. Teeth that are neatly aligned work in harmony, preventing food from getting trapped. In contrast, misaligned teeth can create weak spots while chewing, making it easier for food to become lodged.
对于牙齿不齐导致的食物嵌塞,除了少吃粗纤维、筋膜多的食物(fibrous food),还要经常用牙线(regular flossing)细细清理。最佳方案是花费几年时光,由正畸大夫帮忙排齐牙列(orthodontic treatment)。

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▌蛀牙(Tooth Decay / Cavities)
蛀牙,又名龋齿。牙缝的龋坏,即牙齿邻面的龋坏通常很隐匿,难以发现,早期容易出现塞牙的情况。

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图源:视觉中国
嵌塞食物的牙齿如果不及时清理干净,很容易成为细菌繁殖的温床,导致牙齿进一步龋坏。通常在有了明显龋洞或牙齿碰到冷热水不舒服,人们才惊觉牙齿可能出了问题。

Tooth decay, also known as cavities, often begin subtly, especially between teeth, where it can easily lead to food impaction. Food lodged in these spaces can become a breeding ground for bacteria, further damaging the tooth. Typically, people become aware of the issue only when there's a noticeable cavity or tooth sensitivity to hot and cold temperatures.

如果在塞牙早期重视起来,及时用牙线清理并定期牙医检查,就可以尽早发现,尽早治疗。
If people had paid attention to the early signs of food impaction, using dental floss regularly and scheduling routine dental check-ups, the problem might have been detected and treated much earlier.
▌颌面及邻面的磨耗
牙齿的正常磨耗是机械性的,缓慢而伴随一生。
磨牙症或者经常紧咬牙会导致牙齿病理性的快速磨耗,牙齿失去正常的外形,从而导致塞牙及牙齿敏感。
The normal wear and tear of teeth occur mechanically over time. Grind or clench teeth tightly can lead to rapid pathological wear of teeth, altering their normal shape and making them susceptible to food impaction and sensitivity.

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▌牙齿缺失(Tooth Loss)
人一生牙齿都有向前向对合移动的趋势。
缺牙后如果长期不修复,那么缺失牙后面的牙齿会向前倾倒,对面的牙齿会伸长,从而破坏正常咬合曲线,导致塞牙,也为日后的修复带来新的麻烦。
If a missing tooth isn't replaced in a timely manner, the neighboring teeth can lean forward, while the opposing teeth may elongate. This disrupts the normal bite alignment, creating more spaces where food can be trapped. This situation can also complicate future dental restoration.
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图源:视觉中国
▌阻生智齿(Impacted Wisdom Teeth)
阻生牙是大多数年轻朋友们难以自拔的痛。
现代人食物精细,牙齿磨耗、颌骨发育( inadequate jaw development)往往不足,没有足够的空间容纳这位“多出来的兄弟”。

这位没法正位萌出的“兄弟”于是就放飞自我,形成盲袋,导致食物嵌塞难以清洁,进而容易发炎(flammation)、疼痛。
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遇到阻生智齿这种情况,除了尽量清理干净牙周袋里的食物残渣外,尽早拔除才是正理。
When faced with impacted wisdom teeth, aside from attempting to clean any food debris from the pocket, the recommended course of action is early extraction.
▌牙周炎(Periodontal Disease)
牙周炎是成年人最易患的口腔疾病,94%的成人都有牙周问题。牙周炎导致牙根暴露,最终会导致牙齿松动,甚至牙缺失。
牙龈组织也随之降低,因此牙齿显得格外的长,牙缝变大,也格外容易塞牙。
牙周炎患者应当定期就医,进行专业的牙周基础治疗,从而缓解塞牙症状,避免过早缺牙。
Periodontal disease is one of the most common oral health issues affecting adults, with 94 percent of adults experiencing some form of periodontal problem, which can lead to exposure, eventually resulting in loose teeth or even tooth loss. When periodontal disease is present, it results in a loss of tissue, making teeth appear longer and the spaces between them wider, making food impaction more likely.
Patients with periodontal disease should seek regular dental care, including professional periodontal treatment, to alleviate food impaction symptoms and prevent premature tooth loss.
塞牙了该如何处理呢?
当然是尽快剔牙,清理干净牙缝。
说起剔牙,对于比较豪爽不拘小节的朋友,也许有种手边万物皆可用的错觉。

有用手指甲的,用尖锐物品比如细毛衣签子的,甚至用筷子、火柴棍、挖耳勺的;当然,最多的还是用牙签。毕竟餐馆里大多提供牙签,甚至外卖的餐具里都会提供牙签,广泛可取,唾手可得。
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但是专业牙医还是劝大家慎用牙签,优选牙线。牙签的尖端在盲操作的时候很容易划伤牙龈。此外,正常健康的牙周是没有空间能通过牙签的,这意味着,用牙签剔牙,要么损伤了牙周,导致牙缝越来越大,要么就根本剔不干净缝里嵌塞的食物残渣。
那么我们该使用什么工具处理呢?
第一,推荐使用牙线(dental floss),因其形体轻巧,可以滑入牙缝中而不会损伤牙龈;左右拉动牙线包绕牙齿,可以彻底清理牙齿邻面多角度的软垢残渣,最后向上滑出可以带出全部嵌塞的食物残渣,是最合理的剔牙方式。
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图源:视觉中国
第二,用冲牙器结合牙缝刷(interdental brush)。牙缝刷360°带小毛刷且可调节曲直,可以方便进入曲折的牙缝甚至根分叉缝中,摩擦去除内部软垢残渣,最后用冲牙器冲出残渣,干净又卫生。
塞牙是牙齿异常的信号,我们都应当重视起来!你今天塞牙了吗?
作者:首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院口腔科金洁琪、中日友好医院口腔医学中心光梦凯
编辑:焦洁
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