流感活动上升！
双语君约 4 分钟China's flu activity is rising to a high level and is expected to peak later this month, according to disease control authorities.
Wang Dayan, a researcher at the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention's National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, said on Friday that 17 provincial-level regions are currently reporting high flu activity, while the rest are at medium levels.
今年流感为啥这么猛？
核心毒株变了！
上一季主导的甲型H1N1退居次位，甲型H3N2成为本季主流毒株。由于H3N2近两年没有大规模流行，人群普遍缺乏针对性免疫屏障，感染风险明显上升。
The H3N2 subtype of influenza A becomes dominant, accounting for more than 95 percent of the flu cases, while small numbers of the H1N1 subtype of influenza A and influenza B cases have also been detected.
要注意的是，即便H3N2亚型名称没变，病毒表面抗原也会持续发生微小变异，每一季流行的毒株都和前一年略有不同，对免疫系统来说堪称“似曾相识的新敌人”。
简单科普下流感三型的区别，一看就懂：
流感vs普通感冒
谨记“流感伤全身，感冒扰鼻腔”
基于以上区别，两者的防控侧重点也截然不同。
对于流感，防控核心在于“预防”和“早治”：
最有效的手段是每年接种流感疫苗，建立免疫屏障；在流行季要佩戴口罩、勤洗手；一旦出现症状，应尽早就医并在黄金48小时内启用抗病毒药物（如奥司他韦、玛巴洛沙韦等），能有效减轻症状、减少并发症。务必遵医嘱，切勿自行用药。
对于普通感冒，重在“管理”和“自愈”：
由于由多种病毒引起且无特效药，因此无需接种疫苗，主要依靠勤洗手等卫生习惯预防。
简而言之，理解“流感伤全身，感冒扰鼻腔”这一核心差异，能帮助我们更精准地判断病情并采取正确的应对措施。
Given these differences, prevention and management strategies also vary.
For influenza, focus on prevention and early treatment. The most effective measure is receiving the annual flu vaccine to build immunity. During peak season, wear masks and wash hands frequently. If symptoms appear, seek medical advice early. Starting antiviral medications (such as oseltamivir or baloxavir marboxil) within the first 48 hours can effectively reduce symptoms and complications. Always follow medical guidance — do not self-medicate.
For the common cold, emphasis is on management and self-recovery. Caused by various viruses with no specific antiviral treatment, vaccination is not required. Prevention relies mainly on good hygiene practices such as frequent handwashing.
奥司他韦、玛巴洛沙韦等抗病毒药
别乱用！3个要点要记牢
注意：奥司他韦会引起消化道反应尽量随餐服用，玛巴洛沙韦最好不要与牛奶、奶制品或者含钙量高的饮料服用。
Do not use medication indiscriminately; always follow a doctor's prescription. Oseltamivir may cause digestive side effects — take with meals when possible. Baloxavir marboxil should preferably not be taken with milk, dairy products, or calcium-rich beverages.
流感疫苗到底要不要打？
医生：要打！
2025年流感疫苗已覆盖甲型H3N2毒株，保护率达60%—80%。接种后即使感染，也能大幅降低重症风险。
Wang said flu vaccination remains the most economical and effective method to reduce the overall risks of influenza.
"Due to individual differences, some people may still get infected after receiving the flu vaccine, but symptoms will be milder. This is because the flu vaccine helps reduce infection, alleviate symptoms, lower the risk of severe illness and minimize serious complications," she said.
流感易传播？
4招科学防流感，简单又管用
流感虽凶，但只要做好“疫苗接种+科学防护+及时就医”，就能有效应对。
这份指南建议快转发给家人吧，一起平安度过流感季。
来源：新华网 中国日报 中国青年报 北京日报
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