“再也不能骂人了”上热搜！这样“骂人”违法……
双语君约 5 分钟“骂人”在什么情况下是违法的？
A recent revision to China's public security law has triggered a heated debate about the lawfulness of public insults. Public insults are not automatically illegal in China, but they may constitute a legal offense when made openly and cause harm, legal experts explained.
近日，话题#骂人也违法了最高可判三年#登上热搜，引发热议。
The topic "insulting others can also be illegal, with a maximum sentence of three years" has trended on Chinese social media after China's revised Public Security Administration Punishments Law (2026) clarified that public insults or defamation may result in fines or administrative detention.
defamation /ˌdefəˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/ 诽谤
Several cases have since drawn public attention. On Jan 7, a man in Linhe district of Bayannuur, Inner Mongolia autonomous region, was placed under administrative detention after posting a video featuring a shop owner's photo, funeral music and insulting remarks during a refund dispute.
专家：不能简单认为“骂人即违法”
华东师范大学法学院副教授于林洋介绍，骂人可能构成违法，也可能只是私德问题。法在对“骂人”进行违法性判断时，应保持必要的谦抑性，不能简单认为“骂人即违法”。
有些对他人造成困扰的语言攻击确实性质恶劣，既违法、也失德，该禁该罚。但比如说，有的“骂人”，就只是受了委屈、吃了亏之后的发发牢骚抱怨一下，不能简单定性为违法，否则就有“抛开剂量谈毒性”之嫌。
违法性“骂人”需具备“公然”（例如在公开场合骂人）要件，私下与人发生口角一般不构成违法。
Legal scholars stress that not all verbal abuse is unlawful. Yu Linyang, an associate professor at East China Normal University, said the law should be applied with restraint, noting that only public insults — such as those made in open or online spaces — may constitute violations, while private quarrels generally do not.
不过，公民在享有言论自由的同时，也要遵循“真实、客观、尊重”的言语原则。不仅要谨言慎行，也要恪守道德与法律底线。这既是对他人的尊重，也是对自己的保护。
恶意骂人如果违法怎样担责？
Depending on the severity, malicious insults may trigger civil, administrative or criminal liability. Under the Civil Code, victims may seek remedies such as an apology or compensation, while administrative penalties include fines of up to 1,000 yuan or detention of up to 10 days. In serious cases, public insults or defamation may constitute criminal offenses punishable with up to three years in prison.
这意味着，骂人者，轻则拘留5天或者罚款1000元以下，重则在罚款基础上拘留时间延长至10天，若因骂人导致对方想不开，造成重伤或死亡，最高可判三年。
对此，于林洋表示，违法性“骂人”往往还需要造成一定的后果，例如造成他人名誉权受损才构成民事违法。
Legal experts note that harsher penalties apply only when the conduct results in serious consequences, such as repeated abuse that significantly disrupts a victim's work or daily life, or widely circulated online insults that cause severe psychological harm, self-harm or suicide.
央视网发文评论称，或许有人会说，骂人这种小事也算违法，法律是不是管太宽了？要知道，骂人绝非小事。《中华人民共和国宪法》第三十八条明确规定：“中华人民共和国公民的人格尊严不受侵犯。”而骂人，本质上是无视他人的人格尊严，伤害他人的社会评价，甚至损害他人的精神状况的一种暴力。
法律禁止骂人，既是对个体精神安宁的守护，又是对公共空间清朗的维护，更能够从源头预防更严重的违法犯罪发生，维护社会和谐稳定。
In a commentary, CCTV.com said insults should not be dismissed as trivial matters, noting that China's Constitution protects citizens' personal dignity and that verbal abuse can amount to psychological violence. Restricting abusive speech, it added, helps safeguard mental well-being, uphold civility in public spaces and prevent more serious offenses.
谨言慎行
言语暴力需担责！
来源：中国青年报 央视网 光明日报 农民日报
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