15岁高中生确诊甲状腺癌，且已转移！家长：孩子从初中开始，就没在凌晨一点前睡过觉，医生提醒

确诊甲状腺癌时，患者已经出现侧方淋巴结转移。问起孩子平时的作息，家长的回答让匡洁印象深刻：“从初中开始，就没有在凌晨一点前睡过觉。”

One 15-year-old patient diagnosed with thyroid cancer after years of sleeping past 1 am has become a case doctors cite in warning that serious illness is increasingly appearing at younger ages.

The patient already had lateral lymph node metastasis when treated by Kuang Jie, an associate chief physician at Ruijin Hospital affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. 

原来，孩子就读于当地最好的初中和高中。在学业压力下，长期晚睡成了生活常态。

The parents described a schedule shaped by the student's attendance at the best local secondary schools, where academic demands left little room for rest.

匡洁医生表示，在目前的门诊与手术患者中，50岁以下的甲状腺癌患者占比已达到65%左右，二三十岁甚至十几岁的年轻面孔屡见不鲜。

甲状腺癌为何会

盯上正值青春年华的群体？

匡洁指出：“人体的免疫系统就像警察，负责实时巡逻纠错。当机体长期处于透支状态，免疫防线被破坏，肿瘤细胞就容易乘虚而入。”

现代人日常生活中免疫防线最常被破坏的主要是三件事：睡眠、情绪与饮食。

Kuang likens the immune system to a police force that patrols the body and corrects errors. When the body is chronically overdrawn, that line of defense is weakened, and tumor cells can slip through. Three common disruptors in modern life are sleep, mood, and diet. 

人体各器官在白天运转产生的激素与代谢废物，主要依赖夜间睡眠来进行调节与清除，长期熬夜无异于提前剥夺了身体的自我修复机制。

At night, hormones and metabolic waste produced during the day are regulated and cleared. Staying up late deprives the body of its repair window. 

不良饮食习惯更在不断加重身体负担，匡洁在门诊中屡见体重超标、常年依赖外卖和含糖饮料的年轻患者，加之长期高盐、高碘的饮食偏好，都成为诱发疾病的潜在隐患。

Poor eating habits add further strain. Kuang often sees overweight young patients who rely on takeout and sugary drinks, while high-salt and high-iodine preferences are potential risks. 

与此同时，学业与职场带来的精神压力让情绪长期紧绷，不仅直接干扰神经与内分泌系统，更会诱发失眠，进一步削弱机体的抗病能力。

Academic and workplace pressure can keep emotions taut, disrupting the neuroendocrine system and triggering insomnia, which further weakens resistance.

匡洁表示，甲状腺癌并非不可捉摸，公众既不要被“网络焦虑”裹挟，将结节和癌症视作“世界末日”，也不能因其被称为“懒癌”而掉以轻心。

学会科学对待检查、遵医嘱精准干预并在日常生活中做好睡眠、情绪和饮食的自我管理，才是抵御疾病的关键所在。

A scientific approach to testing, precise intervention under medical guidance, and self-management of sleep, mood, and diet are key to warding off disease.

如何保护好你的甲状腺？

▌学会自查

日常生活中，如果想要自查甲状腺，可“一看二摸三吞咽”。

具体方法：对着镜子观察，看颈部两侧是否对称、是否肿大；也可含一口水，用手指触摸颈部下方，将水吞下去，看颈部是否有突出的小肿块。

Face a mirror to see whether the neck is symmetrical or swollen; sip water, touch the lower neck and swallow, checking for a protruding lump.

▌均衡饮食，不暴饮暴食

碘与甲状腺疾病发病率呈U型曲线关系，缺乏或过多都不行。若医生没有提醒使用无碘盐，就应正常吃含碘盐并适当摄入海产品；儿童不建议食用无碘盐。

Eat a balanced diet and avoid overeating. Iodine intake follows a U-shaped risk curve, so both deficiency and excess are harmful. Unless a doctor advises otherwise, use iodized salt and eat seafood in moderation; children should not use non-iodized salt.

▌戒烟限酒

烟酒对很多疾病都是重要的风险因素。

Quit smoking and limit alcohol.

▌保持情绪稳定

情绪对甲状腺的影响尤为突出，平时保持心情愉悦，及时疏解不良情绪；积极参与社交，多与家人朋友交流。

Keep emotions stable, relieve stress, and stay socially connected.

▌作息规律，适度运动

规律运动有助于维持健康体重，增强身体代谢功能，提高免疫力。经常熬夜或睡眠不足，会导致甲状腺激素的分泌和代谢失去平衡。

Regular exercise contributes to healthy weight control, more efficient metabolism, and stronger immunity. Repeatedly staying up late or habitually getting too little sleep can disturb thyroid hormone secretion and metabolism, weakening the body's regulatory capacity over time.

▌定期体检

甲状腺疾病发病慢、病程长，应定期检查甲状腺，特别是以下高风险人群：颈部外照射史或碘131治疗史、甲状腺手术和甲状腺功能异常史、自身免疫甲状腺疾病家族史；患有其他自身免疫性疾病；血脂异常、高血压、糖尿病等代谢性疾病等。

Have regular checkups, especially for high-risk groups: a history of neck external radiation or iodine-131 treatment, thyroid surgery or thyroid dysfunction, or family history of autoimmune thyroid disease; other autoimmune diseases; and metabolic conditions such as dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes.

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