早餐要吃够20克蛋白质,血糖、肌肉都稳住了
建议早餐吃够20克蛋白质
中国营养学会公布的成人蛋白质推荐摄入量为:男性每天65克,女性每天55克。
首都保健营养美食学会理事、中国注册营养师谷传玲建议,早餐最好摄入20克左右的蛋白质。
The Chinese Nutrition Society recommends daily protein intakes of 65 grams for men and 55 grams for women. Research suggests that spreading protein intake across three meals may be beneficial. Gu Chuanling, a council member of the Capital Healthcare and Nutrition Cuisine Society and a certified dietitian in China, recommends aiming for about 20 grams of protein at breakfast.
需要明确的是,加高蛋白食物不等于在早餐上“做加法”,而是用蛋、奶、鱼虾或大豆制品去替换一部分精制主食。若原本一碗粥加两个包子,再额外添鸡蛋、牛奶和肉类,总热量容易超标,长期反而增加肥胖风险。更稳妥的做法是主食留一点,少一些白粥、白面包这类精制碳水,把让出来的位置留给优质蛋白。
The key, she stressed, is to replace some refined staple foods with protein-rich options rather than simply adding more food to an already substantial meal.
早餐吃够蛋白,身体收获多个好处
调整早餐结构,把蛋白质摄入量提升至20克左右,身体会收获不少好处。
▌餐后血糖反应更小
很多人的早餐是白粥配馒头、面包配甜饮料,或者油条配粥。看起来吃得不少,实际上主要是碳水化合物,蛋白质偏少。
如果把其中一部分精制主食换成鸡蛋、牛奶、酸奶或肉类,早餐的碳水化合物总量和占比会下降,餐后血糖反应也往往更小。
Many people start the day with white congee and steamed buns, bread and a sweet drink, or fried dough sticks and congee. These meals may be filling but are often high in carbohydrates and relatively low in protein. Replacing some refined staples with eggs, milk, yogurt or meat can reduce carbohydrate intake and may help moderate the post-meal blood glucose response.
▌上午不容易饿过头
碳水化合物虽然可以消除饥饿感,但维持饱腹感的时间短,吃后没多久又感觉饥饿,容易多次加餐,最终导致热量摄入超标。
研究发现,高蛋白早餐让受试者在早餐后的几个小时里饱腹感更强、饥饿感更低。
▌注意力更集中
当蛋白质进入消化系统时,会向大脑释放一定的信号,起到提振精力、改善情绪的作用。
研究发现,与摄入高碳水化合物早餐的参试者相比,摄入高蛋白早餐的参试者,认知能力和注意力测试得分更高。
A higher-protein breakfast may also help people feel full for longer. Studies suggest it can reduce hunger for several hours, making people less likely to become excessively hungry before lunch or consume extra calories through frequent snacking.
Some research has also linked high-protein breakfasts with better performance on cognitive and attention tests than high-carbohydrate breakfasts, although results vary.
▌增肌效果更好
如果早上只有粥、馒头、面包或油条,全天蛋白质就很容易前低后高,甚至到晚上也补不回来。
把早餐蛋白质提高到20克左右,全天蛋白质更易达标。
蛋白质在身体内无法储存,进食后数小时就消耗完了,因此,餐餐都有蛋白质食物可以保证蛋白质能被很好地利用。
一日三餐均衡摄取蛋白质才能让肌肉保持最佳状态。
专家推荐4种蛋白质组合
早餐20克蛋白质具体应该怎么吃?在保证主食和蔬菜摄入的基础上,可以试试下面几个组合。
▌两个鸡蛋+一盒纯牛奶
两个鸡蛋大约能提供12~13克蛋白质,一盒250毫升的纯牛奶大约能提供7.5~8克蛋白质。水煮蛋、蒸蛋羹等都可以。
如果血脂没问题,完全可以一天吃两个鸡蛋,如果有高胆固醇血症,可以把其中1个全蛋换成2个蛋清。
Two eggs and 250 ml of milk. Two eggs provide about 12–13 grams of protein, while the milk adds around 7.5–8 grams. Boiled eggs or steamed egg custard are both good options. People with high cholesterol should seek individualized dietary advice on egg consumption.
▌一个鸡腿+一小盒酸奶
一个熟鸡腿(85克左右)大约能提供15~16克蛋白质,再加一小盒酸奶(130克左右),20克蛋白质就够了。
烹饪时注意少油少盐,酸奶尽量选择无糖或低糖款,避开添加大量白砂糖的风味酸奶,减少额外糖分摄入。
One cooked chicken drumstick and a 130-gram carton of yogurt. A drumstick provides about 15–16 grams of protein, with the yogurt supplying the rest.
▌一两酱牛肉+一杯豆浆
酱牛肉要选紧实的,其蛋白质含量能达到27~29克/100克,吃50克就能补充14克左右的蛋白质,再搭配一杯250毫升的豆浆(蛋白质含量跟牛奶差不多),也可以吃够20克蛋白质。
酱牛肉直接切片吃就行,也可以滴几滴水,加盖中火微波加热,这样不容易变干。自制豆浆尽量不加糖,市售产品优先选择无添加糖的纯豆浆。
50 grams of braised beef shank and 250 ml of soy milk. The beef provides about 14 grams of protein; the total depends on the soy milk's protein content.
▌六七只对虾+一盒纯牛奶
六七只中等个头对虾的蛋白质含量在13克左右,搭配一盒纯牛奶或者一杯豆浆,都能吃够20克蛋白质。
活对虾在水开后下锅,煮到虾身呈直角时就可以吃了,这时候的虾肉鲜嫩多汁;如果是冰鲜虾或冻虾,需煮到虾身弯曲小于90°,此时口感较好。
Six to seven medium prawns and 250 ml of milk or soy milk. The prawns provide about 13 grams of protein, with the drink contributing the remainder.
除此之外,还可以选择豆腐、瘦肉、鱼肉等高蛋白食物,它们不仅能补充蛋白质,还富含维生素A、B族维生素及多种矿物质,让早餐营养更全面。
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