内脏“掉”出来了?女子健身时大腿鼓包,坚持锻炼后腹部剧痛,确诊腹股沟疝,医生提醒
据宁波晚报,宁波30岁的丁女士(化姓)在健身房挥汗如雨后,大腿根部却鼓起了一个乒乓球大小的包。起初她以为是肌肉拉伤,没想到竟是腹壁破了……
A 30-year-old woman in Ningbo, Zhejiang province, developed a serious inguinal hernia while working out at the gym, prompting doctors to caution postpartum women about returning to strenuous exercise too soon.
inguinal /'ɪŋgwɪnəl/ 腹股沟的
hernia /ˈhɜrniə/ 疝气
丁女士生育后体质变差不少,于是她下定决心去健身房锻炼身体。
有一次锻炼时,她深吸一口气正准备发力,突然感觉大腿根部一阵刺痛,随后鼓起了一个软软的包。丁女士以为是肌肉拉伤,没太在意。但随着时间推移,包块越来越大,抱孩子用力时甚至疼得直不起腰,还伴有频繁的腹胀。
The woman, identified as Ding, had joined a gym after noticing a decline in her health following childbirth. During one workout, she took a deep breath and exerted herself, then felt a sudden sharp pain in her groin, followed by the appearance of a soft lump. Assuming it was a muscle strain, she continued with her routine.
groin /ɡrɔɪn/ 腹股沟
后来的一天晚上,丁女士刚做完三组哑铃动作,准备起身时,腹部突然爆发出一阵剧痛,大腿根部冒出的那个“乒乓球”,怎么推都推不回去了。教练见状吓坏了,连忙将她送到医院。
腹部CT检查结果显示,丁女士得了疝气。医生解释道:“这是典型的腹股沟疝。你的腹股沟区域出现了一个裂缝,卵巢顺着这个缝钻了出来,卡在皮下,这就形成了你摸到的那个包。”
On another evening, however, she experienced severe abdominal pain when trying to stand after completing three sets of dumbbell exercises. The lump, about the size of a ping-pong ball, could no longer be pushed back in. Her coach rushed her to hospital, where a CT scan confirmed an inguinal hernia. Doctors found that an ovary had protruded through a defect in the groin area and become trapped.
ovary /ˈoʊvəri/ 卵巢
随后,医生通过腹腔镜微创手术,将洞修补好,并把卵巢复位。术后醒来,丁女士摸了摸,鼓包果然消失了。
医生介绍说,产后女性是腹股沟疝的高发人群之一。产后一年内,整个腹壁都处于非常脆弱的状态,腹直肌分离的恢复靠的是养,而不是强行去练。
“产后妈妈肌肉松弛,强行做举哑铃、卧推、举重等增加腹压的动作,就像用纸糊的墙去承受砖墙的压力,结果就是墙会破裂。”
Doctors said postpartum women should take particular care when resuming strenuous exercise. The abdominal wall and pelvic floor may still be recovering after childbirth, and women with diastasis recti, or separation of the abdominal muscles, may need gradual, guided rehabilitation. Exercises such as dumbbell lifts, bench presses and weightlifting can sharply increase intra-abdominal pressure, potentially aggravating an existing weakness in the abdominal wall.
pelvic /ˈpɛlvɪk/ 骨盆的
diastasis recti /daɪˈæstəsɪs ˈrɛkˌtaɪ/ 腹直肌分离症
腹股沟在哪儿?
通俗来讲,腹股沟就是人体躯干与大腿的“交界处”,藏在小腹两侧、大腿根部的褶皱里,外形像一条斜向的“沟”,也是大家常说的“人鱼线”所在区域。这个部位堪称身体的“交通枢纽”——腹部的血管、神经,以及男性的精索、女性的子宫圆韧带,都要从这里通往大腿或盆腔。
而正因为要容纳这些“通行结构”,腹股沟区的腹壁天生就比腹部其他部位薄弱,就像一堵少了几块砖的墙,为后续“调皮鬼”的出现埋下了隐患。
腹股沟及疝气示意图
疝气是“气”吗?
腹股沟疝是怎么形成的?
疝气可不是一种气体,它的本质是腹腔里的脏器(比如肠管、大网膜)在特定的条件下,“不安分地”通过腹股沟区的薄弱点或缺损,“逃”到了体表,形成一个看得见、摸得着的包块。
由于疝内容物在多数情况下是小肠,加之有时挤压内容物会听到“咕咕”的声响,像气过水的声音,站起来时出现,平躺时往往又消失,所以,疝气也俗称“小肠气”。
它的形成通常需要两个条件共同作用:一是腹壁这堵“墙”本身不够结实(基础因素),二是腹腔内的压力持续增高(诱因)。
A hernia is not a pocket of gas. It occurs when an organ or tissue inside the abdominal cavity, such as part of the bowel or the omentum, pushes through a weak area or defect in the abdominal wall, sometimes forming a visible or palpable lump. A combination of weakened abdominal tissue and increased intra-abdominal pressure can contribute to its development.
bowel /ˈbaʊəl/ 肠
omentum /oʊ'mentəm/ 网膜
腹壁不结实可能因为先天发育薄弱,或者随着年龄增长、体型肥胖等导致腹壁肌肉松弛,又或者由病理性因素(如手术导致腹壁薄弱)引发。
而慢性咳嗽、长期便秘、排尿困难、搬重物、怀孕等,都会令腹内压力增高,像吹气球一样,容易把脏器从薄弱点推出来。
腹股沟疝有啥症状?
不处理行不行?
腹股沟疝最典型的症状就是腹股沟区出现一个时隐时现的包块。患者在站立、咳嗽、或者用力屏气时,这个“调皮鬼”就会不请自来,出现在腹壁表面。当平躺放松时,它往往又能自己缩回去,从腹壁表面“消失”。早期可能只有轻微的坠胀感,不太影响生活。
A common sign of an inguinal hernia is a lump in the groin that may appear and disappear. It can sometimes recede on its own when a person lies down and relaxes, while early symptoms may be limited to a feeling of heaviness or mild discomfort.
recede /rɪˈsiːd/ 后退,减弱
但,千万别以为它能自愈就不管了!首先,如果放任不理,疝囊可能会越来越大。更危险的是,一旦疝内容物卡在缺损处回不去了,就成了“嵌顿疝”,此时疼痛会突然加剧,包块变硬且无法推回,形成恶性循环。若不能及时解除嵌顿,可能会导致肠管缺血、坏死,甚至引发危及生命的肠梗阻和腹膜炎。
But doctors warn that a hernia will not heal on its own. The bulge may become larger, and its contents can become trapped, a condition known as an incarcerated hernia.
医生强调,一旦怀疑是疝气,应及早就医评估。其中,手术是目前治疗成人腹股沟疝最可靠的方法。对于婴幼儿而言,1岁以前的疝气可以密切观察,若超过1岁以后疝气仍持续存在,也需进一步就诊。
来源:环球网综合宁波晚报、中山六院
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