华中农大通报黄某某学术不端调查处理情况

近日，华中农业大学发布关于该校教师黄某某学术不端等问题调查处理的情况通报。

此前，11名在读硕士、博士研究生集体联名举报导师黄某某教授学术造假行为，举报材料正文高达125页，还罗列了操纵同行评审、克扣学生劳务费、打压学生、论文不当署名、教材编写造假、异常发票、教学不端、欺骗本科生等方面内容，引发热议。

🤔️小作业：

1. What systemic issue in the academic environment does Fan Xiudi, a director at Tongji University, attribute to encouraging academic fraud?

A) Lack of proper research facilities and resources

B) The pressure to publish papers

C) Insufficient academic freedom for research topics

D) Overemphasis on international collaborations

无注释原文：

'Most important battle in our lives': 11 Chinese university students overthrow professor accused of faking data

From: SCMP

"For us, this is the most important battle in our ordinary lives," wrote doctoral student Zhang Li, in a post to social media platform Weibo on January 23.

For more than a month, he and 10 other students at Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU) in the central Chinese city of Wuhan, Hubei province, had been quietly preparing a "revolution" to overthrow their supervisor.

On Tuesday, Huang Feiruo, a professor in HAZU's department of animal nutrition and feed science, was dismissed after an investigation by the university confirmed some of the students' accusations.

HAZU found that 10 papers listing Huang as corresponding author contained falsified data, while a textbook he edited and published used other people's content without attribution. The book has been suspended from use.

He was also found to have misused funds and lacked due diligence as a tutor. All 15 students in his lab have been reassigned to new supervisors, according to HAZU.

The decision to blow the whistle on Huang paid off, but such accusations are rare in China, where the power imbalance between students and their supervisors is marked.

While there have been cases of students making complaints about their supervisors, they usually wait until after they graduate, given that the role includes the power to give a student's dissertation the green light.

The students' campaign began on January 16, when a 125-page letter accusing Huang of academic misconduct and of encouraging students to cheat, was made public on various Chinese online platforms.

Fan Xiudi, director of the Education Evaluation Research Centre at Tongji University in Shanghai, said that any student in China who spoke out against a tutor could end up hurting themselves, as "the university may downplay the scandal and the student will be left in isolation".

"Students have to take great risks and even bet on the future of their academic careers. This suggests that something is wrong with our entire academic environment," she said.

Admittedly, Fan said, academic fraud was a pervasive global phenomenon, however, what worried her was that the academic ecosystem in China encouraged its growth.

She said one of the underlying reasons for it was that the number of papers published was connected with too many benefits, including promotion, funding and various awards.

This could incentivise researchers to take unethical short-cuts, as it became less important whether their work was really relevant to society or whether the data was reliable, she said.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

'Most important battle in our lives': 11 Chinese university students overthrow professor accused of faking data

From: SCMP

"For us, this is the most important battle in our ordinary lives," wrote doctoral student Zhang Li, in a post to social media platform Weibo on January 23.

1月23日，博士生张黎在社交媒体平台微博上写道：“对我们来说,这就是我们平凡人生中最重要的一场战役。”

For more than a month, he and 10 other students at Huazhong Agricultural University (HZAU) in the central Chinese city of Wuhan, Hubei province, had been quietly preparing a "revolution" to overthrow their supervisor.

一个多月来，他和湖北省武汉市华中农业大学的其他10名学生一直在悄悄地准备一场“革命”来颠覆导师的权威。

overthrow /ˌəʊ.vəˈθrəʊ/ 表示“（用武力）推翻，打倒；打败”，英文解释为“to defeat or remove someone from power, using force”

On Tuesday, Huang Feiruo, a professor in HAZU's department of animal nutrition and feed science, was dismissed after an investigation by the university confirmed some of the students' accusations.

周二，校方调查证实了学生们的一些指控后，华中农业大学动物营养与饲料科学系教授黄飞若被解职。

dismiss /dɪˈsmɪs/ 1）表示“对…不予理会，摒弃，（从头脑中）去除”，英文解释为“to decide that something or someone is not important and not worth considering”举个🌰：I think he'd dismissed me as an idiot within five minutes of meeting me. 我认为他和我见面5分钟后就把我归入了傻瓜之列。

2）表示“解雇；免职；开除”，英文解释为“to officially remove sb from their job”举个🌰：She claims she was unfairly dismissed from her post. 她声称自己被无理免职。

accusation /ˌæk.jəˈzeɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“指责”，英文解释为“If you make an accusation against someone, you criticize them or express the belief that they have done something wrong.”举个🌰：He rejects accusations that country music is over-sentimental. 他反驳了那些说乡村音乐过于伤感的指责。

2）表示“指控”，英文解释为“An accusation is a statement or claim by a witness or someone in authority that a particular person has committed a crime, although this has not yet been proved.”如：people who have made public accusations of rape 对强奸进行了公开指控的人们。

HAZU found that 10 papers listing Huang as corresponding author contained falsified data, while a textbook he edited and published used other people's content without attribution. The book has been suspended from use.

华中农业大学的调查发现，黄某某作为通讯作者发表的10篇论文存在伪造数据，而他主编的教材则重复了他人出版的内容，且未注明出处。该教材已被停用。

corresponding /ˌkɒr.ɪˈspɒn.dɪŋ/ 表示“相似的；相应的；对等的”，英文解释为“similar to, connected with, or caused by something else”举个🌰：Company losses were 50 percent worse than in the corresponding period last year. 与去年同期相比，公司亏损增加了50%。

correspond /ˌkɒr.ɪˈspɒnd/ 作动词，还可以表示“通信”，英文解释为“to communicate by writing a letter or sending an email”举个🌰：I've been corresponding with several experts in the field. 我一直在与该领域的几位专家保持通信往来。

📍corresponding author“通讯作者”，是指在学术论文或研究报告中负责与编辑或审稿人进行沟通的作者。在多作者论文中，通讯作者（corresponding author）通常是负责整个研究项目或论文写作的人，也是接收与论文有关所有官方通知（如接受、修订、拒绝等）的人。他或她通常会在论文的作者列表中特别标注，并提供联系方式，以便其他研究人员或读者与其联系，以获取更多关于该研究的信息。

falsify /ˈfɒl.sɪ.faɪ/ 表示“篡改，伪造（文件）”，英文解释为“to change something, such as a document, in order to deceive people”举个🌰：The certificate had clearly been falsified. 这张证书很明显是伪造的。

suspend /səˈspend/ 1）表示“（因犯错而）暂令停职；暂令停学；暂令停止参加活动”，英文解释为“If someone is suspended from work, school, etc., they are temporarily not allowed to work, go to school, or take part in an activity because of having done something wrong.”举个🌰：He was suspended for four games after arguing with the referee. 跟裁判发生争执之后，他被停赛4场。

2）表示“暂停”，英文解释为“If you suspend something, you delay it or stop it from happening for a while or until a decision is made about it”举个🌰：The union suspended the action this week. 工会本周暂停了这一行动。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述英国房价上涨的文章中提到：Britain has temporarily suspended stamp duty, a tax on buying houses. 英国已经暂停征收购房印花税。

3）表示“悬挂”，英文解释为“to hang”举个🌰：The builders worked on wooden platforms, suspended by ropes from the roof of the building. 建筑工人站在用绳子从房顶上吊下来的木制平台上作业。

He was also found to have misused funds and lacked due diligence as a tutor. All 15 students in his lab have been reassigned to new supervisors, according to HAZU.

此外，还查出挪用资金和指导学生失职失责问题。据华中农业大学的通报，该实验室15名学生均已落实新导师。

1）表示“（与某公司有业务往来之前对其本身以及其财务状况进行的）必要核计，必要了解”，英文解释为“the detailed examination of a company and its financial records, done before becoming involved in a business arrangement with it”；

2）表示“（为保证自身、他人或财产安全而采取的）审慎行为”，英文解释为“action that is considered reasonable for people to be expected to take in order to keep themselves or others and their property safe”。

📍据百度百科，Due Diligence，简称DD，中文叫尽职调查，是指企业在并购时，买方企业对目标企业进行的经营现状调查。

The decision to blow the whistle on Huang paid off, but such accusations are rare in China, where the power imbalance between students and their supervisors is marked.

虽然对黄教授的举报最终得到了回应，但在中国，这样的指控极为罕见，因为学生与导师之间的权力失衡现象十分明显。

blow the whistle on someone/something表示“叫停，取缔（坏事）;（尤指）告发，揭发”，英文解释为“to tell people publicly about something bad that someone is doing”

表示“取得成功，得到好结果”，英文解释为“If something you have done pays off, it is successful.”举个🌰：All her hard work paid off in the end, and she finally passed the exam. 她的所有努力最终得到了回报，她终于通过了考试。

While there have been cases of students making complaints about their supervisors, they usually wait until after they graduate, given that the role includes the power to give a student's dissertation the green light.

虽然也有学生举报导师的案例，但学生通常要等到毕业后，因为导师掌握着是否准许学生毕业的权力。

dissertation /ˌdɪs.əˈteɪ.ʃən/ 表示“专题论文；学位论文”，英文解释为“a long piece of writing on a particular subject, especially one that is done in order to receive a degree at college or university”

give the green light to something 表示“给…开绿灯，准许，许可”，英文解释为“to give permission for someone to do something or for something to happen”举个🌰：The council has given the green light to the new shopping centre. 政务委员会已经准许建设新购物中心。

The students' campaign began on January 16, when a 125-page letter accusing Huang of academic misconduct and of encouraging students to cheat, was made public on various Chinese online platforms.

1月16日，一封长达125页的举报信在中国各大网络平台上公开，信中指控黄某某存在学术不端，鼓励学生造假等行为。

misconduct /ˌmɪsˈkɒn.dʌkt/ 表示“失职；处理不当；行为不端”，英文解释为“unacceptable behaviour, especially by a professional person”如：gross misconduct = very serious misconduct 严重失职，professional misconduct 玩忽职守。

📍conduct作名词，表示“行为，举止”（a person's behaviour in a particular place or in a particular situation）如：优良作风 fine conduct或者说excellent conduct，2020年政府工作报告Part 2中提到的加强党风廉政建设 improve Party conduct and build a clean government.

📺美剧《芝加哥警署》（Chicago P.D.）中的台词提到：I could have you arrested for official misconduct. 我可以以渎职罪逮捕你。

Fan Xiudi, director of the Education Evaluation Research Centre at Tongji University in Shanghai, said that any student in China who spoke out against a tutor could end up hurting themselves, as "the university may downplay the scandal and the student will be left in isolation".

上海同济大学教育评估研究中心主任樊秀娣表示，在中国，任何学生公开反对导师，最终都可能伤害到自己，因为“校方可能会低调处理丑闻，而学生则会孤立无援”。

downplay /ˌdaʊnˈpleɪ/ 表示“对…轻描淡写；使轻视；贬低”，英文解释为“to make people think that sth is less important than it really is”举个🌰：The coach is downplaying the team's poor performance. 教练对这个队的拙劣表现不以为然。

🎬电影《惊唇劫》（Kiss The Girls）中的台词提到：Let's not downplay the upside. 别忽略了大局。

"Students have to take great risks and even bet on the future of their academic careers. This suggests that something is wrong with our entire academic environment," she said.

“学生们不得不冒着巨大的风险，甚至拿自己学术生涯的未来做赌注。这说明我们的整个学术环境出了问题，”她说。

Admittedly, Fan said, academic fraud was a pervasive global phenomenon, however, what worried her was that the academic ecosystem in China encouraged its growth.

樊秀娣说，诚然，学术造假是一个全球性的普遍问题，但令她担忧的是，中国的学术生态系统助长了学术造假的发展。

pervasive /pəˈveɪ.sɪv/ 表示“到处存在的，到处弥漫着的，遍布的”，英文解释为“Something, especially something bad, that is pervasive is present or felt throughout a place or thing.”如：the pervasive influence of mobile phones in daily life 手机在日常生活中无处不在的影响。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情带来的影响的文章中提到：But there will also be residual fear, pervasive uncertainty, a lack of innovative fervour and deepened inequalities. 但同时也会有残留的恐惧感、普遍的不确定性、匮乏的创新激情，以及加剧的不平等。

She said one of the underlying reasons for it was that the number of papers published was connected with too many benefits, including promotion, funding and various awards.

她说，其中一个根本原因是发表论文的数量与诸多利益挂钩，包括晋升、资助和各种奖项。

underlying /ˌʌn.dəˈlaɪ.ɪŋ/ 1）表示“暗含的；深层的；潜在的”，英文解释为“real but not immediately obvious”举个🌰：And what might be the underlying significance of these supposedly random acts? 这些看似偶然的行为，其暗含的意义可能是什么呢？

2）表示“以…为基础的”，英文解释为“used to describe something on which something else is based”举个🌰：The price of the investment fell below the value of the underlying assets. 这一投资项目的价格已经跌至低于标的资产价值。

This could incentivise researchers to take unethical short-cuts, as it became less important whether their work was really relevant to society or whether the data was reliable, she said.

这可能促使研究人员走捷径，采取不道德的行为，因为他们的工作是否真正对社会有益或数据是否可靠已变得不那么重要了，她补充道。

英式 incentivise 美式 incentivize /ɪnˈsen.tɪ.vaɪz/ 表示“刺激，激励”，英文解释为“to make someone want to do something”举个🌰：We need to incentivize our sales managers to achieve these targets. 我们需要激励我们的销售经理实现这些目标。

unethical /ˌʌnˈeθ.ɪ.kəl/ 表示“不道德的，不合乎道德标准的”，英文解释为“not ethical (= based on moral beliefs)”

1）表示“（计算机操作中的）快捷方式”，英文解释为“a quick way to start or use a computer program”如：a shortcut key 快捷键。

2）表示“（做事情的）快捷办法，捷径”，英文解释为“a quicker way of doing something”举个🌰：There aren't really any short cuts to learning English. 学英语实在没有捷径可走。

📍听到了吗？没有捷径，唯有每天持续行动，哈哈哈哈哈哈哈。

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