韩国超一万名实习和住院医生辞职

近日，反对韩国政府扩招医学生政策的实习和住院医生“辞职潮”持续加剧，引发关注。

🤔️小作业：

1. What has been the direct impact of the strike on emergency services?

A. Increased efficiency

B. Improvement in patient care quality

C. Closure of all healthcare facilities

D. Pressure on emergency rooms

A. An oversupply of medical professionals

B. The lowest doctor-per-patient ratio among APEC countries

C. Significant shortages in critical practices such as obstetrics and paediatrics

D. Excessive reliance on government-funded healthcare facilities

无注释原文：

South Korean woman dies as doctors strike continues

From: BBC

South Korea's government has launched an investigation into the death of a woman in her 80s after her ambulance was denied entry to several hospitals due to the ongoing doctors strike.

The patient died in the ambulance after suffering cardiac arrest.

About 70% of junior doctors have been on strike for the past week protesting plans to train up more physicians.

That's put emergency rooms under pressure, with the government alleging doctors have risked public health.

Paramedics in the city of Daejon on Friday had called around seven hospitals to take the woman, but were turned away due to a lack of staffing and beds.

She was eventually admitted to a public university hospital 67 minutes after she first called for help, but was pronounced dead on arrival.

On Tuesday, government officials said they would investigate the case, which has been widely reported in South Korean media.

It is believed to be the first death linked to the doctor strikes, where interns and residents are protesting government plans to add more doctors due to competition fears.

Emergency rooms have been under significant pressure with low staffing levels. Surgeries have been postponed and patients have had to be transferred to other hospitals, local media report.

More than 9,000 doctors have refused to come into work, while about 10,000 have submitted resignations at hundreds of hospitals across the country.

Interns and residents make up rank and file staffing in emergency wards so their absence has been widely felt, with hospitals having to operate on contingency settings, officials say. The country last week put the healthcare system at the highest crisis level.

On Tuesday, the government threatened to execute statutory powers to strip doctors of their practicing licences if they didn't return by the end of the month.

President Yoon Suk-yeol has refused doctor demands to scrap his policy of increasing the number of graduates by 60%, saying the country needs to address its shortage of physicians as it faces the challenges of a rapidly ageing population.

South Korea has one of the lowest doctor-per-patient ratios among the group of OECD countries - only 2.5 per 1,000 people - and significant shortages in critical practices such as obstetrics and paediatrics.

Successive governments have tried to open up medical school placements - but have consistently come up against stiff opposition from doctor groups.

Public health experts say that doctors are acting out of their own commercial interests.

As South Korea's healthcare system is highly privatised - with more than 90% of hospitals fee-paying - the medical profession is reluctant to open up to more competition and potential losses in income.

"But there's no way South Korean people should endure inconveniences just to fulfil the doctors' interest," Prof Jeong Hyoung-sun, a professor of health administration at Yonsei University said.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

South Korean woman dies as doctors strike continues

From: BBC

South Korea's government has launched an investigation into the death of a woman in her 80s after her ambulance was denied entry to several hospitals due to the ongoing doctors strike.

韩国政府已对一名80多岁女性的死亡展开调查，此前由于韩国医生罢工，其救护车被拒绝进入多家医院。

deny /dɪˈnaɪ/ 1）表示“否认，否定”，英文解释为“to say that something is not true”举个🌰：He will not confirm or deny the allegations. 对那些指控他将不置可否。

2）表示“不允许；剥夺；拒绝；拒绝给予”，英文解释为“to refuse to allow sb to have sth that they want or ask for”举个🌰：They were denied access to the information.他们试图取得这个情报被拒。

ongoing /ˈɒŋˌɡəʊ.ɪŋ/ 表示“持续存在的；不断发展的；继续进行的；进行中的”，英文解释为“continuing to exist or develop, or happening at the present moment”如：an ongoing investigation/process/project 持续进行的调查/持续的过程/正在实施的工程。

The patient died in the ambulance after suffering cardiac arrest.

该女性在救护车内因心脏骤停而离世。

cardiac arrest /ˌkɑː.di.æk əˈrest/ 表示“心脏停搏”，英文解释为“a condition in which the heart stops beating”

About 70% of junior doctors have been on strike for the past week protesting plans to train up more physicians.

过去一周，约70%的实习医生因反对扩招医学生的计划而罢工。

表示“实习医生；初级医生：在英国，已经获得医学学士学位并参加研究生培训的医学从业者”，英文解释为“a qualified hospital doctor (= one who has completed their medical degree) who is not a consultant (= a senior doctor who specializes in a particular area of medicine)”

physician /fɪˈzɪʃ.ən/ 表示“医生;（尤指）内科医生”，英文解释为“a medical doctor, especially one who has general skill and is not a surgeon”

📍词根“physic-”与“自然”有关，历史上指“自然科学”，后专指医学。近义词：doctor（医生），同根词：physical（身体的），常用短语：family physician（家庭医生）

That's put emergency rooms under pressure, with the government alleging doctors have risked public health.

这给急诊室带来了压力，韩国政府指责这些医生危及公众健康。

allege /əˈledʒ/ 表示“（未经证实地）指责，宣称，指控”，英文解释为“to say that someone has done something illegal or wrong without giving proof”举个🌰：The two men allege (that) the police forced them to make false confessions. 这两名男子声称警方逼迫他们作假口供。

📍词根“-leg-”与“法律”有关，前缀“al-”可能表示“向”，整体意思是“向法律提出”。近义词：claim（声称），同根词：allegation（指控），常用短语：allege misconduct（指控不当行为）

Paramedics in the city of Daejon on Friday had called around seven hospitals to take the woman, but were turned away due to a lack of staffing and beds.

上周五，大田市（Daejon）的急救人员联系了七家医院以收治该女性，但均因人手不足和床位紧张而遭拒。

paramedic /ˌpær.əˈmed.ɪk/ 表示“（非医生或护士的）护理人员，医务辅助人员，急救医护人员”，英文解释为“a person who is trained to do medical work, especially in an emergency, but who is not a doctor or nurse”

📍词根“para-”表示“旁边”，“medic”表示“医学的”。近义词：EMT（emergency medical technician，急救技术员），同根词：medical（医学的），常用短语：call a paramedic（呼叫急救人员）

She was eventually admitted to a public university hospital 67 minutes after she first called for help, but was pronounced dead on arrival.

她最终在呼救67分钟后被一所公立大学医院收治，但在抵达医院时已被宣布死亡。

admit /ədˈmɪt/ 1）表示“（尤指不情愿地）承认;供认;招认”，英文解释为“to agree that something is true, especially unwillingly”举个🌰：He admitted his guilt/mistake. 他承认有罪/犯了错误。

2）admit /ədˈmɪt/ 表示“接收…入院;收治”，英文解释为“to allow a person or country to join an organization”举个🌰：She was admitted to hospital suffering from shock. 她因中风被送入医院救治。

pronounce /prəˈnaʊns/ 除了表示“发（音），读（音）”，此处意思是“宣称；宣布；断言”，英文解释为“to say something officially or certainly”举个🌰：He was taken to the hospital where he was pronounced dead on arrival. 他被送往医院，到了医院就被宣布已死亡。

📍也可以用declare一词替换这一说法。

On Tuesday, government officials said they would investigate the case, which has been widely reported in South Korean media.

本周二，韩国政府官员表示将对韩国媒体广泛报道的这起案件展开调查。

It is believed to be the first death linked to the doctor strikes, where interns and residents are protesting government plans to add more doctors due to competition fears.

据信，这是第一起与韩国医生罢工有关的死亡事件，实习医生和住院医师因担心竞争而反对政府扩招计划。

intern /ɪnˈtɜːn/ 1）表示“实习医生，见习医生”，英文解释为“a male or female doctor who is still training, and who works in a hospital”

2）表示“实习人员，实习生”，英文解释为“someone who is finishing training for a skilled job especially by getting practical experience of the work involved”举个🌰：She worked in the White House as an intern. 她在白宫做实习生。

resident /ˈrez.ɪ.dənt/ 表示“居民；住户”，英文解释为“a person who lives or has their home in a place”如：a resident of the UK/Australia 英国/澳大利亚居民，还可以表示“（美国的）高级专科住院实习医生；住院医生”，英文解释为“a doctor who is still training, and who works in a hospital”

Emergency rooms have been under significant pressure with low staffing levels. Surgeries have been postponed and patients have had to be transferred to other hospitals, local media report.

急诊室人手不足，压力巨大。据当地媒体报道，手术不得不推迟，病人不得不转到其他医院接受治疗。

surgery /ˈsɜː.dʒər.i/ 表示“外科手术”，英文解释为“the treatment of injuries or diseases in people or animals by cutting open the body and removing or repairing the damaged part”举个🌰：The patient had/underwent surgery on his heart. 这位病人接受了心脏外科手术。

postpone /pəʊstˈpəʊn/ 表示“推迟，延缓，使延期”，英文解释为“If you postpone an event, you delay it or arrange for it to take place at a later time than was originally planned.”举个🌰：He decided to postpone the expedition until the following day. 他决定将探险活动推迟到第二天。

📍路透社（Reuters）在报道上海高考延期一个月、杭州亚运会延期时标题就都用的是Postpone.

📍词根“pone”来自拉丁语“ponere”，意味着“放置”。前缀“post-”表示“之后”。想象会议因为意外情况被“放置”到了之后的时间。近义词：delay（延迟），同根词：component（组成部分），常用短语：postpone an event（推迟一个事件）

transfer /trænsˈfɜːr/ 1）表示“搬；转移”，英文解释为“to move someone or something from one place, vehicle, person, or group to another”举个🌰：He has been transferred to a psychiatric hospital. 他被转到了一家精神病医院。

2）表示“转让；让与”，英文解释为“to officially arrange for sth to belong to sb else or for sb else to control sth”举个🌰：He transferred the property to his son. 他把财产转让给了儿子。

More than 9,000 doctors have refused to come into work, while about 10,000 have submitted resignations at hundreds of hospitals across the country.

在韩国数百家医院中，9000多名医生拒绝上班，约10000名医生递交了辞呈。

resignation /ˌrez.ɪɡˈneɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“辞职；辞去（职务）；放弃（工作）”，英文解释为“the act of telling your employer that you are leaving your job”

2）表示“无奈的顺从；顺从；听任”，英文解释为“Resignation is the acceptance of an unpleasant situation or fact because you realize that you cannot change it.”举个🌰：He sighed with profound resignation. 他极度无奈地叹气。

Interns and residents make up rank and file staffing in emergency wards so their absence has been widely felt, with hospitals having to operate on contingency settings, officials say. The country last week put the healthcare system at the highest crisis level.

韩国官员们说，实习医生和住院医师是急诊室的主要工作力量，他们的缺席在医院造成了显著的影响，医院不得不采取应急措施。上周，韩国将医疗系统的危机级别提升至最高级。

rank and file /ˌræŋk ən ˈfaɪl/ 表示“普通职工；普通成员；普通士兵”，英文解释为“the ordinary workers in a company or the ordinary members of an organization, and not the leaders”举个🌰：The party's rank and file are beginning to question the prime minister's choice of advisers. 广大基层党员开始质疑首相对其顾问的选择是否恰当。

ward /wɔːd/ 表示“病房；病室”，英文解释为“a separate room or area in a hospital for people with the same type of medical condition”，如：a maternity ward 产科病房，a surgical ward 外科病房，a psychiatric ward 精神科病房，a children's ward 儿科病房。

On Tuesday, the government threatened to execute statutory powers to strip doctors of their practicing licences if they didn't return by the end of the month.

本周二，韩国政府威胁称，如果医生们在本月底前不返岗，将行使法定权力，吊销其执业资格。

sti

execute /ˈek.sɪ.kjuːt/ 常见的意思表示“（尤指有计划地）实施，履行，表演”，英文解释为“to do something that has been carefully planned formal”举个🌰：The whole play was executed with great precision. 这出戏从头到尾表演得丝丝入扣，有板有眼。

此外，还有“（依法）将…处死”的意思，英文解释为“to kill someone, especially legally as a punishment”举个🌰：One group claimed to have executed the hostage. 一个组织声称他们已处死了那名人质。

statutory /ˈstætʃ.ə.tər.i/ 表示“法定的”，英文解释为“decided or controlled by law”如：statutory obligations 法定义务。

2019年现代版「甄嬛传」？泰国王妃被剥夺全部头衔时，各大媒体几乎都用了strip这个词，后接of，strip of 1）表示“剥夺（财产、权利）；撤销（头衔）”，英文解释为“To strip someone of their property, rights, or titles means to take those things away from them.”举个🌰：The soldiers have stripped the civilians of their passports, and every other type of document. 那些士兵们已经夺走了市民的护照以及所有其他证件。

2）strip还有“脱衣服；脱光…的衣服”的意思，英文解释为“to remove your clothing, or to remove all the clothing of someone else”举个🌰：He had been stripped naked, beaten and robbed. 他被脱光衣服，遭受殴打，东西还被抢了。

3）作名词，strip /strɪp/ 表示“条，带，细长片；带状地带（或森林、水面等）”，英文解释为“a long, flat, narrow piece”如：a narrow strip of land 狭长地带。

licence /ˈlaɪ.səns/ 表示“许可证，执照，牌照”，英文解释为“an official document that gives you permission to own, do, or use something, usually after you have paid money and/or taken a test”如：a dog licence 养狗牌照，a driving licence 驾驶执照。

President Yoon Suk-yeol has refused doctor demands to scrap his policy of increasing the number of graduates by 60%, saying the country needs to address its shortage of physicians as it faces the challenges of a rapidly ageing population.

韩国总统尹锡悦（Yoon Suk-yeol）拒绝了医生们要求取消其扩招60%的政策，他表示，韩国在面临人口迅速老龄化的挑战时需要解决医生短缺的问题。

scrap /skræp/ 1）表示“废弃；取消；抛弃；报废”，英文解释为“to cancel or get rid of sth that is no longer practical or useful”举个🌰：They had been forced to scrap plans for a new school building. 他们已被迫撤销了建筑新校舍的计划。

2）表示“打架”，英文解释为“to fight with sb”举个🌰：The bigger boys started scrapping. 年龄较大的男孩打了起来。

📍2019年9月份，经济学人（The Economist）的一篇关于美政府拟撤销奥巴马时期甲烷排放规定的文章中，就以「Energy companies are divided over a plan to scrap methane-emission rules」为题，用到了scrap这个词。

而在引言（unwind Obama-era environmental regulations）中则用unwind来替换scrap这一含义。

📍unwind一词表示“解开；放松”，英文解释为“To undo (a financial arrangement or position) through the neessary legal or financial steps. If you unwind a length of something that is wrapped around something else or around itself, you loosen it and make it straight. You can also say that it unwinds.”举个🌰：One of them unwound a length of rope from around his waist. 他们中的一个人解开绕在他腰间的一条绳子。

South Korea has one of the lowest doctor-per-patient ratios among the group of OECD countries - only 2.5 per 1,000 people - and significant shortages in critical practices such as obstetrics and paediatrics.

在经济合作与发展组织（OECD）国家中，韩国是医患比例最低的国家之一，每千人仅有2.5名医生，产科和儿科等关键科室医生严重短缺。

表示“比率；比例”，英文解释为“the relationship between two groups of people or things that is represented by two numbers showing how much larger one group is than the other”举个🌰：The school has a very high teacher-student ratio. 这所学校的师生比例很高。

obstetrics /ɒbˈstet.rɪks/ 表示“产科学”，英文解释为“the area of medicine that deals with pregnancy and the birth of babies”如：obstetrics and gynaecology 妇产科学。

paediatrics /ˌpiː.diːˈæt.rɪks/ 表示“儿科学”，英文解释为“the science or study of medical care for children”举个🌰：She specializes in paediatrics. 她专攻儿科学。

Successive governments have tried to open up medical school placements - but have consistently come up against stiff opposition from doctor groups.

韩国历届政府都曾试图增加医学院招生名额，但一直遭到医生群体的强烈反对。

successive /səkˈses.ɪv/ 表示“接连地，连续地”，英文解释为“happening one after the other without any break”举个🌰：It was the team's fourth successive defeat. 那是球队接连第4次失利。

placement /ˈpleɪs.mənt/ 1）表示“临时职位（或工作）；实习工作”，英文解释为“a temporary position or job in an organization”举个🌰：I think we can find a placement for you in the sales department. 我想我们可以在销售部给你临时安置个位置。

2）表示“（对人的）安置，安排”，英文解释为“the act of finding sb a suitable job or place to live”如：a job placement service职业介绍所，placement with a foster family 安置到寄养家庭。

stiff /stɪf/ 1）表示“（人或身体部位）僵硬的，强直的”，英文解释为“If you are stiff or part of your body is stiff, your muscles hurt when they are moved.”

2）表示“不易弯曲（或活动）的；硬的；挺的”，英文解释为“firm and difficult to bend or move”如：stiff cardboard 硬纸板。

Public health experts say that doctors are acting out of their own commercial interests.

公共卫生专家表示，医生们的行为是出于自身的商业利益。

As South Korea's healthcare system is highly privatised - with more than 90% of hospitals fee-paying - the medical profession is reluctant to open up to more competition and potential losses in income.

由于韩国医疗系统高度私有化，90%以上的医院都是收费的，因此医疗行业不愿意面对更多的竞争和潜在的收入损失。

英式 privatise 美式 privatize /ˈpraɪ.və.taɪz/ 表示“使私有化”，英文解释为“If a government privatizes an industry, company, or service that it owns and controls, it sells it so that it becomes privately owned and controlled.”举个🌰：I bought shares in British Gas when it was privatized. 我在英国煤气公司私营化时买了它的股票。

reluctant /rɪˈlʌk.tənt/ 表示“勉强的；不情愿的”，英文解释为“not willing to do something and therefore slow to do it”举个🌰：I was having such a good time I was reluctant to leave. 我玩得很开心，都不愿意离开了。

"But there's no way South Korean people should endure inconveniences just to fulfil the doctors' interest," Prof Jeong Hyoung-sun, a professor of health administration at Yonsei University said.

延世大学（Yonsei University）卫生管理学教授郑亨善（Jeong Hyoung-sun，音译）说：“但韩国人民不可能为了满足医生的利益而忍受不便。”

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