长期喝奶茶可能会导致抑郁焦虑？

近日，清华大学和中央财经大学的一项关于奶茶的研究引发热议。研究人员对北京的5281名大学生进行了调查，研究结果表明，喝奶茶可能会导致成瘾，而且与抑郁、焦虑和自杀念头有关联。但这种关联的因果关系究竟如何，并未确定。

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🤔️小作业：

1. What is the main concern identified by the study regarding milk tea consumption among adolescents?

A) Physical health issues

B) Environmental impact

C) Economic consequences

D) Mental health issues

A) Banning the production and sale of milk tea

B) Encouraging the consumption of alternative beverages

C) Measures like restricting advertising

D) Ignoring the problem

无注释原文：

Rising Addiction to Milk Tea Linked to Depression in Adolescents

From: ScienceAlert

Milk teas – a variety of sweet drinks including bubble tea – have become phenomenally popular in China and other parts of Asia in recent years, and a new study has highlighted some worrying links between the beverage and mental health issues.

Researchers from Tsinghua University and the Central University of Finance and Economics in China surveyed 5,281 college students from Beijing, finding that symptoms of milk tea addiction were not only real, but linked to problems such as depression and anxiety.

"Milk tea has experienced tremendous growth in popularity in China, especially among youths," the researchers write in their published paper.

"Our findings highlighted that milk tea consumption might lead to addiction, and it is associated with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation."

Using a recognized scale of addiction – that looks at factors such as persistent cravings and over-indulgence – the team found evidence that some young people were showing signs of being addicted. Almost half of those surveyed said they had at least one cup of milk tea a week.

As well as extra sugar, milk teas often include caffeine, and concerns have been expressed about how these kinds of drinks can lead to low moods and social isolation in adolescent youngsters.

In this study, milk tea consumption was associated with loneliness and depression. While the study wasn't designed to determine the cause, it does highlight a potential problem that needs to be investigated further, especially considering the increasing popularity of these types of drinks.

The researchers behind the study suggest youths in China and elsewhere could be using milk tea as a coping mechanism and a way of regulating emotions – and that these drinks could be addictive and damaging in the same way as social media or drugs.

Future research could include larger sample sizes and track milk tea consumption over longer timescales.

"The results indicate that milk tea consumption might lead to addiction symptoms, including frequency, dependence/craving, intention to stop, unable to stop, tolerance, and guilty feelings," the researchers write.

The team recommends that measures be put in place to guard against both physical and mental problems that might be linked to milk tea, from obesity and tooth decay to addiction and depression.

"Current findings can assist policymakers in developing regulations such as restricting advertising, providing psycho-education, establishing food hygiene standards for such a prosperous youth-dominant consumption industry while protecting their mental health," write the researchers.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Rising Addiction to Milk Tea Linked to Depression in Adolescents

From: ScienceAlert

Milk teas – a variety of sweet drinks including bubble tea – have become phenomenally popular in China and other parts of Asia in recent years, and a new study has highlighted some worrying links between the beverage and mental health issues.

近年来，奶茶（包括珍珠奶茶在内的各种甜味饮品）在中国和亚洲其他地区广受欢迎，一项新的研究揭示了这些饮品与心理健康问题之间存在令人担忧的关联。

bubble tea /ˌbʌb.əlˈtiː / 表示“珍珠奶茶，泡沫红茶，泡泡茶”，英文解释为“a drink, originally from East Asia, consisting of tea mixed with milk or fruit flavours, to which small balls of tapioca (= a plant substance) or jelly are added. The drink is then shaken to create bubbles.”

phenomenally /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nəl.i/ 表示“惊人地;现象级的出色”，英文解释为“extremely, especially in a way that is surprising”举个🌰：His first novel was phenomenally successful. 他的第一部小说取得了非凡的成功。

highlight /ˈhaɪ.laɪt/ 作动词，表示“使引起注意，强调”，英文解释为“to attract attention to or emphasize something important”举个🌰：The report highlights the need for improved safety. 那份报告强调了加大安全力度的重要性。

作名词，表示“最精彩的部分”，英文解释为“the best or most exciting, entertaining, or interesting part of something”举个🌰：Highlights of the match will be shown after the news. 比赛的精彩部分将在新闻之后播出。

beverage /ˈbev.ər.ɪdʒ/ 表示“饮料”，英文解释为“a drink of any type”举个🌰：Hot beverages include tea, coffee, and hot chocolate. 热饮包括茶、咖啡和热巧克力饮料。

Researchers from Tsinghua University and the Central University of Finance and Economics in China surveyed 5,281 college students from Beijing, finding that symptoms of milk tea addiction were not only real, but linked to problems such as depression and anxiety.

来自清华大学和中央财经大学的研究人员对北京的5281名大学生进行了调查，发现奶茶成瘾的现象不仅真实存在，而且与抑郁和焦虑等问题有关联。

symptom /ˈsɪmp.təm/ 表示“（疾病的）症状”，英文解释为“any feeling of illness or physical or mental change that is caused by a particular disease”举个🌰：He's complaining of all the usual flu symptoms - a high temperature, headache, and so on. 他说他出现了所有常见的感冒症状——高烧、头痛等。

"Milk tea has experienced tremendous growth in popularity in China, especially among youths," the researchers write in their published paper.

研究人员在发表的论文中写道：“奶茶在中国的受欢迎程度有了极大的增长，尤其是在年轻人当中。”

tremendous /trɪˈmen.dəs/ 表示“巨大的；极好的”，英文解释为“very great in amount or level, or extremely good”举个🌰：She's been a tremendous (= very great) help to me over the last few months. 过去几个月里她给我的帮助极大。

"Our findings highlighted that milk tea consumption might lead to addiction, and it is associated with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation."

“我们的研究结果突出表明，饮用奶茶可能会导致成瘾，而且与抑郁、焦虑和自杀念头有关联。”

suicidal /ˌsuː.ɪˈsaɪ.dəl/ 表示“想自杀的；有自杀倾向的”，英文解释为“People who are suicidal want to kill themselves or are in a mental state in which it is likely that they will try to do so.”

2）表示“有致命危险的；极为冒险的”，英文解释为“Suicidal behaviour is likely to result in death.”举个🌰：He took some suicidal risks. 他冒了很大的险，几乎是玩儿命。

ideation /ˌaɪ.diˈeɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“想，思考；设想，构思”，英文解释为“the activity of forming ideas in the mind”举个🌰：Taking these drugs might increase suicidal ideation. 服用这些药物可能会增加自杀的念头。

2）表示“想法，念头；构想，（头脑中形成的）概念”，英文解释为“an idea of something in someone's mind”举个🌰：What I'm hearing is my ideation of how the joke is going to go over with the audience. 我所听到的是自己的一些想法，思考观众对这个笑话会如何反应。

Using a recognized scale of addiction – that looks at factors such as persistent cravings and over-indulgence – the team found evidence that some young people were showing signs of being addicted. Almost half of those surveyed said they had at least one cup of milk tea a week.

通过引入公认的成瘾量表——该量表涵盖了持续渴望和过度沉溺等因素——该研究团队发现，部分年轻人确实表现出了成瘾迹象。近半数的受访者表示，他们每周至少喝一杯奶茶。

scale /skeɪl/ 1）表示“标度，刻度；等级”，英文解释为“a set of numbers, amounts, etc., used to measure or compare the level of something”如：the Centigrade/Fahrenheit scale 摄氏/华氏温标。

2）表示“比例；比例尺”，英文解释为“the relation between the real size of something and its size on a map, model, or diagram”如：a scale of 1:10,000 比例尺为1:10000。

3）表示“大小；规模；范围”，英文解释为“the size or level of something, especially when this is large”举个🌰：We don't yet know the scale of the problem. 我们还不知道问题有多严重。

📍近义词：magnitude（大小），同根词：scalable（可扩展的），常用短语：on a large scale（大规模地）

persistent /pəˈsɪs.tənt/ 1）表示“持续的；存留的；顽强存在的”，英文解释为“lasting for a long time or difficult to get rid of”举个🌰：Symptoms of the illness include a high temperature and a persistent dry cough. 病症包括高烧和持久的干咳。

2）表示“坚持不懈的；执意的”，英文解释为“Someone who is persistent continues doing something or tries to do something in a determined but often unreasonable way.”举个🌰：Be persistent - don't give up. 要坚持不懈——别放弃。

craving /ˈkreɪ.vɪŋ/ 表示“渴望，热望；难以抑制的渴求”，英文解释为“a strong feeling of wanting something”举个🌰：I have a craving for chocolate. 我很想吃巧克力。

overindulgence /ˌəʊ.və.rɪnˈdʌl.dʒəns/ 1）表示“（尤指在饮食方面）过度放任（自己）”，英文解释为“behaviour in which you allow yourself to have too much of something enjoyable, especially food or drink”举个🌰：For many Americans, Thanksgiving is a time of overindulgence. 对许多美国人来说，感恩节是一个放纵自我的好机会。

2）表示“过分沉溺，过分纵容”，英文解释为“behaviour in which you allow someone to have more of something enjoyable than is good for them”举个🌰：Her father thought he had to be mean, to counteract her mother's overindulgence. 她的父亲认为他必须严苛，抵消她母亲的过度纵容。

As well as extra sugar, milk teas often include caffeine, and concerns have been expressed about how these kinds of drinks can lead to low moods and social isolation in adolescent youngsters.

除了过量的糖分外，奶茶中通常还含有咖啡因，对于这类饮品可能导致青少年情绪低落和社交孤立的担忧也随之增加。

caffeine /ˈkæf.iːn/ 表示“咖啡因，咖啡碱”，英文解释为“a chemical, found for example in tea and coffee, that is a stimulant (= something that makes people more active)”

adolescent /ˌædəˈlesnt/ 作名词，表示“青少年”，英文解释为“a young person who is developing into an adult”。

作形容词，表示“青春期的；青少年的”，英文解释为“being or relating to an adolescent”如：an adolescent boy 青春期的男孩；也可以指“（成年人或其行为）孩子气的，幼稚的”，英文解释为“used to describe an adult or an adult's behaviour that is silly and like a child's”如：adolescent humour/behaviour 孩子气的幽默/幼稚的举止。

youngster /ˈjʌŋ.stər/ 表示“年轻人；少年”，英文解释为“a young person, usually an older child”举个🌰：The scheme is for youngsters between the ages of ten and 16. 该方案适用于年龄介于10至16岁之间的少年儿童。

In this study, milk tea consumption was associated with loneliness and depression. While the study wasn't designed to determine the cause, it does highlight a potential problem that needs to be investigated further, especially considering the increasing popularity of these types of drinks.

在这项研究中，饮用奶茶与孤独和抑郁有关联。虽然此研究并未旨在明确这种关联的因果关系，但它无疑凸显了一个值得进一步调查的潜在问题，尤其是在考虑到这些饮品的受欢迎程度日益增长的背景下。

cause /kɔːz/ 1）表示“（尤指不好的事情发生的）原因，起因”，英文解释为“the reason why something, especially something bad, happens”举个🌰：The police are still trying to establish the cause of the fire. 警方仍在努力查证失火的原因。

2）表示“（为某些人所强烈支持的）原则，事业，目标”，英文解释为“a socially valuable principle that is strongly supported by some people”举个🌰：They are fighting for a cause - the liberation of their people. 他们正为解放人民这一事业而战斗。

The researchers behind the study suggest youths in China and elsewhere could be using milk tea as a coping mechanism and a way of regulating emotions – and that these drinks could be addictive and damaging in the same way as social media or drugs.

该研究背后的研究人员表示，中国和其他地方的年轻人可能把奶茶作为一种情绪调节的手段和应对机制，而这些饮品可能与社交媒体或毒品一样，具有成瘾性和危害性。

coping /ˈkəʊ.pɪŋ/ 表示“应对难题|处理麻烦”，英文解释为“the fact of dealing successfully with problems or difficult situations”如：a coping mechanism/strategy 应对机制/应对策略，举个🌰：He acknowledges that his wife "did most of the coping". 他承认他的妻子应对了大部分的难题。

Future research could include larger sample sizes and track milk tea consumption over longer timescales.

未来的研究需扩大样本范围，延长跟踪饮用奶茶的时间线，以更深入地探究这一现象。

sample /ˈsɑːm.pəl/ 作名词，表示“（用于检验、分析的）样本，试样”，英文解释为“A sample of a substance is a small amount of it that is examined and analysed scientifically.”举个🌰：They took samples of my blood. 他们采了我的血样。

作动词，1）表示“尝，品尝”，英文解释为“to taste a small amount of food or drink to decide if you like it”举个🌰：As the food looked so good, he decided to sample a little from each dish. 这些食物看起来很诱人，于是他决定每样菜都尝一点儿。

2）表示“（常指初次）体验，尝试”，英文解释为“to experience a place or an activity, often for the first time”举个🌰：So you're going to sample the delights/pleasures of the new restaurant? 那么你要去体验一下在那家新餐馆就餐的乐趣了？

timescale /ˈtaɪm.skeɪl/ 表示“（某事发生的）一段时间，起止时间”，英文解释为“the period of time over which something happens”举个🌰：Police officers are trying to construct the timescale of events leading up to the murder. 警方正在努力把谋杀前发生的事件按时间顺序排列出来。

"The results indicate that milk tea consumption might lead to addiction symptoms, including frequency, dependence/craving, intention to stop, unable to stop, tolerance, and guilty feelings," the researchers write.

研究团队指出：“研究结果显示，饮用奶茶可能导致包括饮用频率、依赖性/渴求性、想戒、戒不掉、耐受性和罪恶感在内的成瘾症状。”

frequency /ˈfriː.kwən.si/ 表示“（事件发生的）频度，次数;频繁”，英文解释为“the number of times something happens within a particular period, or the fact of something happening often or a large number or times”举个🌰：Complaints about the frequency of buses rose in the last year. 去年对公车发车频率的投诉增长了。

The team recommends that measures be put in place to guard against both physical and mental problems that might be linked to milk tea, from obesity and tooth decay to addiction and depression.

研究团队建议采取措施防范可能与奶茶有关的身心健康问题，包括肥胖、蛀牙、成瘾和抑郁等。

recommend /ˌrek.əˈmend/ 表示“推荐，介绍；建议”，英文解释为“to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done”举个🌰：I can recommend the chicken in mushroom sauce - it's delicious. 我可以向您推荐蘑菇汁鸡肉——这道菜非常可口。

📍单词“recommend”由词根“-mend”（来自拉丁语“mendare”，表示“赞扬”）和前缀“reco-”（表示强调）组成。想象你正在强烈推荐一道美味的鸡肉沙拉，这就是“recommend”。

obesity /oʊˈbiːsəti/ 表示“肥胖”，英文解释为“the fact of being extremely fat, in a way that is dangerous for health”

📍词根“obes-”来自拉丁语“obesus”，意味着“肥胖的”。近义词：overweight（超重），同根词：obese（肥胖的），常用短语：combat obesity（对抗肥胖症）

tooth decay表示“蛀牙”，英文解释为“If you have tooth decay, one or more of your teeth has become decayed.”

decay /dɪˈkeɪ/ 表示“腐蚀;衰败，衰弱”，英文解释为“the process of decaying”如：environmental decay 环境恶化，industrial decay 工业衰退，moral decay 道德沦丧，urban decay 城市衰落。

"Current findings can assist policymakers in developing regulations such as restricting advertising, providing psycho-education, establishing food hygiene standards for such a prosperous youth-dominant consumption industry while protecting their mental health," write the researchers.

研究人员写道：“我们的研究成果能够为政策制定者提供支持，帮助他们针对这个以年轻人为主导、蓬勃发展的消费行业，制定包括限制广告、提供心理健康教育、建立食品卫生标准在内的规范，同时保护年轻人的心理健康。”

advertising /ˈæd.və.taɪ.zɪŋ/ 表示“广告（业）”，英文解释为“the business of trying to persuade people to buy products or services”如：the advertising industry 广告产业。

psycho /ˈsaɪ.kəʊ/ 前缀，表示“心理的，精神的”，英文解释为“of the mind or mental processes”如：psychopharmacology (= the study of drugs which affect the mind) 精神药理学。

psycho /ˈsaɪ.kəʊ/ 本身作名词，表示“精神失常者，精神病人，变态人格者”，英文解释为“someone who is crazy and frightening”举个🌰：The man's a psycho. 那个男子是个变态狂。

hygiene /ˈhaɪdʒiːn/ 不可数名词，表示“卫生；保健法”，英文解释为“the practice of keeping yourself and your living and working areas clean in order to prevent illness and disease”，如：food hygiene 食品卫生，personal hygiene 个人卫生。

prosperous /ˈprɒs.pər.əs/ 表示“繁荣的;富裕的”，英文解释为“successful, usually by earning a lot of money”举个🌰：In a prosperous country like this, no one should go hungry. 在这样一个繁荣的国家里，不应该有人挨饿。

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