霉霉登福布斯全球亿万富豪榜

近日，福布斯发布了年度全球亿万富豪榜，泰勒·斯威夫特以11亿美元（约合人民币80亿元）的净资产正式登上榜单，成为史上首位仅凭借音乐和演艺收入，就成为亿万富豪的艺人。

🤔️小作业：

1. What significant trend in the global distribution of wealth does the article highlight?

A) The decline in the number of billionaires worldwide

B) A decrease in the collective wealth of billionaires

C) An increase in both the number and collective wealth of billionaires

D) Stabilization in the economic gap between billionaires and the general population

A) It views the list as a measure of global economic success

B) It suggests that the list demonstrates the effective redistribution of wealth

C) It criticizes the list as showcasing the wealth captured by a tiny elite

D) It recommends the billionaire list as a model for financial growth strategies

无注释原文：

Taylor Swift among 141 new billionaires in ‘amazing year for rich people’

From: The Guardian

There are more billionaires than ever before. The world has 2,781 people with fortunes exceeding $1bn (£800m), an increase of 141 on 2023, according to Forbes’ annual ranking of the world’s richest people – with Taylor Swift among those making the list.

The billionaires are also collectively worth more than ever, with combined assets estimated at $14.2tn – a $2tn increase on 2023 and more than the GDP of every country except the US and China.

Their collective wealth has risen by 120% in the past decade, at the same time as billions of people across the world have seen their living standards decrease in the face of inflation and the cost of living crisis.

“It’s been an amazing year for the world’s richest people, with more billionaires around the world than ever before,” said Chase Peterson-Withorn, Forbes’ wealth editor. “A record-breaking 14 centibillionaires [$100bn] have 12-figure fortunes. Even during times of financial uncertainty for many, the super-rich continue to thrive.”

Equality campaigners said the “staggering wealth” being accumulated by the super-rich should lead to urgent efforts “to spread this wealth more evenly, proportionately and efficiently”.

Daisy Pearson, of the campaign group Global Justice Now, said: “It is utterly unconscionable that at a time where masses of the world’s population are living in dire poverty, a few individuals are allowed to amass staggering wealth. This is only possible through exploitation, and their monopolisation of wealth and resources further allows them to amass huge power and influence over decisions that affect our everyday lives. Enough is enough – we should be regulating these barons out of existence.”

Luke Hildyard, the executive director for the High Pay Centre thinktank, said: “The billionaire list is essentially an annual calculation of how much of the wealth created by the global economy is captured by a tiny caste of oligarchs rather than being used to benefit humanity as a whole. It should be the most urgent mission of the coming decades to spread this wealth more evenly, proportionately and efficiently.”

Taylor Swift is one of 265 newcomers to feature on Forbes’ list this year. Swift, 34, reached the milestone with an estimated $1.1bn fortune following her record-breaking Eras tour and concert film.

The Eras tour, a 44-plus song mega-concert that stretched to nearly three and a half hours, generated more than $700m in ticket sales in the US alone, according to Bloomberg; that’s before including the 89-date international leg.

The richest person on the planet is Bernard Arnault, the majority owner of the luxury goods conglomerate LVMH, whose fortune, according to Forbes, increased by 10% to $233bn. Elon Musk is in second place with $195bn, an 8% increase on last year.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Taylor Swift among 141 new billionaires in ‘amazing year for rich people’

From: The Guardian

There are more billionaires than ever before. The world has 2,781 people with fortunes exceeding $1bn (￡800m), an increase of 141 on 2023, according to Forbes’ annual ranking of the world’s richest people – with Taylor Swift among those making the list.

如今，全球亿万富翁人数达到了前所未有的水平。根据《福布斯》（Forbes）年度全球富豪榜，全球拥有超过10亿美元（8亿英镑）财富的人数为2781人，比2023年增加了141人，泰勒·斯威夫特（Taylor Swift）也榜上有名。

exceed /ɪkˈsiːd/ 表示“超过，超出（数量）；超越（规定的范围）”，英文解释为“to be greater than a number or amount, or to go past an allowed limit”举个🌰：The final cost should not exceed ￥100. 最终的花费不应超出100元。

📍词根“-ceed”表示"走，去"，前缀“ex-”表示"出，超出"。近义词：surpass（超过），同根词：proceed（进行），succeed（成功）

The billionaires are also collectively worth more than ever, with combined assets estimated at $14.2tn – a $2tn increase on 2023 and more than the GDP of every country except the US and China.

这些亿万富翁们的总财富也创下了新高，总资产估值高达14.2万亿美元，较去年增加了2万亿美元，这一数额超越了除美国与中国之外的所有国家GDP总和。

Their collective wealth has risen by 120% in the past decade, at the same time as billions of people across the world have seen their living standards decrease in the face of inflation and the cost of living crisis.

在过去十年中，他们的总财富增长了120%，而与此同时，全球数十亿人的生活水平却因通货膨胀和生活成本危机而下降。

inflation /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/ 表示“通货膨胀”，英文解释为“a general, continuous increase in prices”如：high/low inflation 高/低通货膨胀。

📍这个词来自拉丁语“inflatio”，意味着“膨胀”。在经济学中，表示货币供应增加导致的商品和服务价格普遍上升。联想宫殿：在宫殿的一个房间，你看到一个图表显示价格上升，旁边是政府提高利率的决策，以控制“通货膨胀”。近义词：price rise（价格上升），同根词：inflate（膨胀），常用短语：combat inflation（抗击通货膨胀）

“It’s been an amazing year for the world’s richest people, with more billionaires around the world than ever before,” said Chase Peterson-Withorn, Forbes’ wealth editor. “A record-breaking 14 centibillionaires [$100bn] have 12-figure fortunes. Even during times of financial uncertainty for many, the super-rich continue to thrive.”

《福布斯》财富编辑蔡斯·彼得森-维索恩（Chase Peterson-Withorn）表示：“对于世界上最富有的人来说，这是令人惊叹的一年，全球亿万富翁人数比以往任何时候都多。拥有至少1000亿美元（12位数字）财富的‘千亿富豪’人数创纪录地达到了14人。即使在许多人面临金融不确定性的时期，超级富豪们的财富增长仍未曾停歇。”

centibillionaire 拥有千亿资产的亿万富翁：指财产达到或超过一千亿美元的极度富有的人。这个词是由“centi-”（此处意为百）和“billionaire”（亿万富翁）组合而成。

其中，“billionaire”直接翻译成中文是“亿万富翁”，但在英文中，“billion”指的是十亿（1,000,000,000）。因此，“billionaire”实际上指的是资产达到或超过十亿美元的人。所以，“centibillionaire”指的是资产达到或超过一千亿美元（100 billion dollars）的人，

thrive /θraɪv/ 表示“茁壮成长；兴旺，繁荣”，英文解释为“to grow, develop, or be successful”举个🌰：His business thrived in the years before the war. 战前那些年，他的生意很兴隆。

Equality campaigners said the “staggering wealth” being accumulated by the super-rich should lead to urgent efforts “to spread this wealth more evenly, proportionately and efficiently”.

平等运动倡导者们表示，超级富豪们积累的“惊人财富”应当促使人们迫切采取行动，“更加均衡、成比例及有效地重新分配这些财富”。

campaigner /ˌkæmˈpeɪ.nər/ 表示“运动参加者；运动倡导者；活动家”，英文解释为“a person who takes part in organized activities that are intended to change something in society”如：an animal rights campaigner 动物权利运动的支持者。

staggering /ˈstæɡ.ər.ɪŋ/ 表示“令人震惊的”，英文解释为“Something that is staggering is very surprising.”如：a staggering $20 million in short- and long-term debt 令人震惊的两千万美元的短长期债务。

🎬电影《迷失东京》（Lost in Translation）中的台词提到：- Just staggering, unbearable pain. - Ooh, that's too bad. - 疼得难以忍受 - 真不走运。

🎬电影《电锯惊魂6》（Saw VI）中的台词提到：and the subsequent cost to you will be staggering. 代价将会非常大/惊人。

accumulate /əˈkjuː.mjə.leɪt/ 表示“积累；积聚；积攒”，英文解释为“to collect a large number of things over a long period of time”举个🌰：As people accumulate more wealth, they tend to spend a greater proportion of their incomes. 人们积累了更多财富后，他们的花费占收入的比重也往往会增加。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情期间房价上涨的文章中提到：Professionals who have carried on working from home but cut back on their spending have accumulated cash to splash. 那些改换成在家中继续工作但减少了开支的专业人士则积攒了可大笔支出的现金。

对比：

📍amass 表示“（尤指大量）积累，积聚”，英文解释为“to collect sth, especially in large quantities”举个🌰：He amassed a fortune from delivering newspapers.他靠送报纸积累了一笔财富。

📍rack up表示“大量获得（利润）；严重遭受（损失）；（体育中）多次赢得（比赛）”，英文解释为“If a business racks up profits, losses, or sales, it makes a lot of them. If a sportsman, sportswoman, or team racks up wins, they win a lot of games or races.”

evenly /ˈiː.vən.li/ 表示“平均地；均等地”，英文解释为“in or into equal amounts”举个🌰：Divide the mixture evenly between the baking pans. 将混合物分成等份放在烤盘中。

proportionately = proportionally /prəˈpɔː.ʃən.əl.i/ 表示“相称地，成比例地；与…成比例地”，英文解释为“in a way that keeps the same relationship between numbers or amounts; as a proportion”举个🌰：Unemployment is proportionally much higher in the north of the country. 该国北部的失业率在比例上要高得多。

Daisy Pearson, of the campaign group Global Justice Now, said: “It is utterly unconscionable that at a time where masses of the world’s population are living in dire poverty, a few individuals are allowed to amass staggering wealth. This is only possible through exploitation, and their monopolisation of wealth and resources further allows them to amass huge power and influence over decisions that affect our everyday lives. Enough is enough – we should be regulating these barons out of existence.”

“Global Justice Now”组织的黛熙·皮尔森（Daisy Pearson）说：“在世界大部分人口生活在极度贫困中的时候，少数人却可以积累惊人的财富，这完全是不合情理的。这只能通过剥削实现，他们对财富和资源的垄断进一步让他们获得巨大的权力和影响力，对我们日常生活中的决策产生深远的影响。不能再这样下去了——我们应该制定法规，终结这些富豪们的时代。”

utterly /ˈʌt.əl.i/ 表示“完全地，极度地”，英文解释为“completely or extremely”举个🌰：What an utterly stupid thing to do! 多么愚蠢的事情！

unconscionable /ʌnˈkɒn.ʃən.ə.bəl/ 1）表示“道德上不可接受的”，英文解释为“morally unacceptable”举个🌰：To make people feel shame or guilt for being ill is unconscionable. 让人们因为生病而感到羞耻和负疚是不道德的。

2）英式，表示“（尺寸、数量或时间）过大的，过多的，过长的”，英文解释为“unacceptably great in amount”举个🌰：After waiting for an unconscionable amount of time, we were told to come back later. 在漫长的等待之后，我们被告知以后再来。

dire /daɪər/ 表示“严重的；危急的；极端的”，英文解释为“very serious or extreme”，如：living in dire poverty 生活赤贫，dire warnings/threats 严重的警告/威胁，举个🌰：These people are in dire need of help. 这些人急需援助。

📍这个词来自拉丁语“dirus”，意味着“可怕的”。用来形容“极其严重的”或“可怕的”情况。想象一个国家急需食物和医疗用品的情况。近义词：grave（严重的），常用短语：dire consequences（严重后果）

amass /əˈmæs/ 表示“（尤指大量）积累，积聚；集聚，积累，大量收集（尤指钱或信息）”，英文解释为“to collect sth, especially in large quantities”举个🌰：He amassed a fortune from delivering newspapers. 他靠送报纸积累了一笔财富。

近义词：

📍accumulate：to gradually get more and more of sth over a period of time 积累；积聚；

📍rack up表示“大量获得（利润）；严重遭受（损失）；（体育中）多次赢得（比赛）”（If a business racks up profits, losses, or sales, it makes a lot of them. If a sportsman, sportswoman, or team racks up wins, they win a lot of games or races.）

exploitation /ˌek.splɔɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“开发利用”，英文解释为“the use of something in order to get an advantage from it”举个🌰：Britain's exploitation of its natural gas reserves began after the Second World War. 英国对其天然气资源的开发利用始于二战后。

2）表示“（出于私利的）利用；剥削”，英文解释为“the act of using someone unfairly for your own advantage”

英式 monopolisation 美式 monopolization /məˌnɑː.pəl.əˈzeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“垄断化”，英文解释为“in business, complete control of something, which prevents other people or companies having any share or influence”举个🌰：Their nation became wealthy due to avoiding the monopolization of their economy. 他们的国家在经济上避免了垄断化，从而变得富裕。

baron /ˈbær.ən/ 表示“巨头，大亨”，英文解释为“an extremely powerful person in a particular area of business”如：media/press barons 媒体/新闻巨头，a drug baron 大毒枭。

Luke Hildyard, the executive director for the High Pay Centre thinktank, said: “The billionaire list is essentially an annual calculation of how much of the wealth created by the global economy is captured by a tiny caste of oligarchs rather than being used to benefit humanity as a whole. It should be the most urgent mission of the coming decades to spread this wealth more evenly, proportionately and efficiently.”

“High Pay Centre”智库执行董事卢克·希尔德亚德（Luke Hildyard）表示：“每年的亿万富翁榜本质上是计算全球经济产出的财富有多少被一小撮寡头所攫取，而不是用来造福全人类。未来几十年最紧迫的任务应该是更均衡、更成比例、更有效地分配这些财富。”

表示“智囊团；智库”，英文解释为“a group of experts brought together, usually by a government, to develop ideas on a particular subject and to make suggestions for action”

caste /kɑːst/ 1）表示“（印度社会的）种姓制度，种姓”，英文解释为“a system of dividing Hindu society into classes, or any of these classes”如：the caste system 种姓制度。

2）表示“（尤指禁止其他等级成员进入的）社会阶层，社会等级”，英文解释为“a social class, especially one whose members do not allow others to join it”

oligarch /ˈɒl.ɪ.ɡɑː.k/ 表示“寡头政治家；寡头统治集团成员”，英文解释为“one of the people in an oligarchy”

Taylor Swift is one of 265 newcomers to feature on Forbes’ list this year. Swift, 34, reached the milestone with an estimated $1.1bn fortune following her record-breaking Eras tour and concert film.

泰勒·斯威夫特是今年福布斯榜单上265位新面孔之一。34岁的泰勒·斯威夫特凭借其创纪录的Eras巡回演唱会和演唱会电影，以约11亿美元的财富登上了榜单。

milestone /ˈmaɪl.stəʊn/ 表示“里程碑；重大事件；转折点”，英文解释为“an important event in the development or history of something or in someone's life”举个🌰：He felt that moving out of his parents' home was a real milestone in his life. 他感到搬出父母家是他一生中一个真正的转折点。

The Eras tour, a 44-plus song mega-concert that stretched to nearly three and a half hours, generated more than $700m in ticket sales in the US alone, according to Bloomberg; that’s before including the 89-date international leg.

据彭博社报道，Eras巡回演唱会是一场长达近三个半小时、包含44首歌曲的大型演唱会，仅在美国的门票收入就超过了7亿美元，这还不包括89天的国际巡演。

mega /ˈme.ɡə/ 表示“非常好的；巨大的”，英文解释为“very good or very big”举个🌰：She's got a mega voice. 她的嗓音非常动听。

📍mega- 前缀，表示“非常多的；巨大的”，英文解释为“large in amount or size”如：mega-rich 非常富有，也常用来表示“兆，百万倍”，英文解释为“1,000,000 times the stated unit”如：a megawatt 兆瓦，a megabyte 兆字节。

stretch /stretʃ/ 作名词，1）表示“（连续的）一段时间”，英文解释为“a continuous period of time”举个🌰：The elderly generally need far less rest than the young, and tend to sleep in several short stretches. 年长者一般需要的休息时间比年轻人要少得多，而且往往会分成几个小段时间睡觉。

2）表示“（土地或水域的）一片，一段”，英文解释为“a continuous area of land or water”举个🌰：This particular stretch of coast is especially popular with hikers. 在这一段海岸散步的人特别多。

作动词，1）表示“到…的限度；超过…的限度；竭尽”，英文解释为“to go as far as or past the usual limit of something”举个🌰：Many families' budgets are already stretched to breaking point. 许多家庭的预算已经撑到了极限。

2）表示“伸出；伸长；拉伸”，英文解释为“to cause something to reach, often as far as possible, in a particular direction”举个🌰：She stretched out her hand and helped him from his chair. 她伸手将他从椅子上扶起来。

3）表示“展开，铺开；延伸”，英文解释为“to spread over a large area or distance”举个🌰：A huge cloud of dense smoke stretched across the horizon. 一大团浓烟在地平线上蔓延开来。

4）表示“延续”，英文解释为“to spread over a long period of time”举个🌰：The dispute stretches back over many years. 这场争论可追溯到许多年以前。

熟词僻义，表示“段，阶段；一段旅程；一段赛程”，英文解释为“a particular stage of a journey, competition, or activity”举个🌰：The last leg of the race was Paris to London. 最后一段赛程是从巴黎到伦敦。

📍在这个上下文中，leg指的是巡演的一个分段或阶段，尤其是在不同国家或地区进行的部分。所以，"89-date international leg"意味着Taylor Swift的Eras巡演在国际上有89个演出日期，这是巡演在美国以外的其他国家和地区的部分。

The richest person on the planet is Bernard Arnault, the majority owner of the luxury goods conglomerate LVMH, whose fortune, according to Forbes, increased by 10% to $233bn. Elon Musk is in second place with $195bn, an 8% increase on last year.

全球首富是奢侈品巨头酩悦·轩尼诗-路易·威登集团（LVMH）的大股东伯纳德·阿诺特（Bernard Arnault），根据《福布斯》的数据，他的财富增加了10%，达到2330亿美元。埃隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）以1950亿美元的财富排名第二，比去年增加了8%。

conglomerate /kənˈɡlɒm.ər.ət/ 表示“联合大企业，企业集团”，英文解释为“a company that owns several smaller businesses whose products or services are usually very different”如：a financial/industrial conglomerate 金融/工业企业集团。

📍词根“-glomer-”来自拉丁语“glomerare”，表示“聚集”。近义词：corporation（公司），常用短语：global conglomerate（全球企业集团）

类似的还有：

📍giant表示“巨头，大公司”，英文解释为“Giant is often used to refer to any large, successful business organization or country.”如：Japanese electronics giant, Sony 日本的电子业巨头——索尼公司。

📍mogul /ˈməʊɡəl/表示“（尤指新闻、影视界的）大人物；大亨”，英文解释为“A mogul is an important, rich, and powerful businessman, especially one in the news, film, or television industry.”如：an international media mogul一位国际传媒大亨。

📍magnate /ˈmæɡneɪt, -nɪt/ 表示“大亨，巨头”，英文解释为“a rich and powerful person in industry or business”。

📍tycoon /taɪˈkuːn/ 表示“巨头，大亨（工商界）”，英文解释为“someone who is successful in business or industry and has a lot of money and power”如：property tycoon 房地产大亨。

📍behemoth /ˈbiːhɪmɒθ/ 表示“巨头（指规模庞大、实力雄厚的公司或机构）”，英文解释为“a very big and powerful company or organization”。

📍titan表示“巨人；巨头”，英文解释为“If you describe someone as a titan of a particular field, you mean that they are very important and powerful or successful in that field.”

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