「Part 17」2024政府工作报告中英文对照注释版
LearnAndRecord约 22 分钟大力发展绿色低碳经济。
We will boost the green and low-carbon economy.
注：
绿色低碳经济
the green and low-carbon economy
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推进产业结构、能源结构、交通运输结构、城乡建设发展绿色转型。
We will push forward with the green transformation of the industrial structure, the energy mix, and the transportation sector as well as urban and rural development.
注：
绿色转型
the green transformation
产业结构
the industrial structure
能源结构
the energy mix
交通运输结构
the transportation sector
城乡（建设）发展
urban and rural development
「类似表述对比」
2024年报告Part 1：实际使用外资结构优化，The mix of utilized foreign investment was improved;
📍mix /mɪks/ 1）表示“混合；结合”，英文解释为“a combination”举个🌰："She's studying physics and philosophy." "That's an interesting mix." “她在学习物理和哲学。”“这种组合很有趣。”
2）表示“（常为粉状的）配料，混合料”，英文解释为“something that is sold in the form of a powder to which a liquid, such as water, can be added later”如：cake/cement mix 蛋糕粉/水泥配料。
📍Industrial structure：这里使用“structure”是因为在讨论产业组成或产业布局时，通常会用到“structure”这个词，它能够很好地描述不同产业或行业之间的组织和排列关系。Energy mix：在提到能源结构时，选择“mix”更为贴切，因为这个词强调了不同能源种类（如化石燃料、可再生能源等）在总能源消费中所占的比例或组合。在英语中，讨论能源结构通常会用“energy mix”，突出不同能源的组合和利用。Transportation sector：当谈及交通运输结构时，采用“sector”强调了交通运输行业在整个经济中的部门或领域，这里的“sector”有时也可以体现结构上的含义，但更多强调行业本身。
落实全面节约战略，加快重点领域节能节水改造。
We will implement a comprehensive conservation strategy and accelerate efforts to upgrade water and energy conservation facilities in key sectors.
注：
全面节约战略
a comprehensive conservation strategy
重点领域节能节水（设施）改造
upgrade water and energy conservation facilities in key sectors
节能节水
water and energy conservation
加快
accelerate efforts to
完善支持绿色发展的财税、金融、投资、价格政策和相关市场化机制，
We will improve fiscal, tax, financial, investment, and pricing policies in support of green development as well as relevant market-based mechanisms.
注：
财税、金融、投资、价格政策
fiscal, tax, financial, investment, and pricing policies
相关市场化机制
relevant market-based mechanisms
绿色发展
green development
推动废弃物循环利用产业发展，促进节能降碳先进技术研发应用，加快形成绿色低碳供应链。
We will support the development of industries for recycling waste and used materials, encourage the R&D and application of advanced energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies, and accelerate the development of green and low-carbon supply chains.
注：
废弃物循环利用产业
industries for recycling waste and used materials
节能降碳先进技术
advanced energy-saving and carbon-reducing technologies
研发应用
the R&D and application
绿色低碳供应链
green and low-carbon supply chains
建设美丽中国先行区，打造绿色低碳发展高地。
We will launch pilot zones for the Beautiful China Initiative and foster pacesetters for green and low-carbon development.
注：
美丽中国先行区
pilot zones for the Beautiful China Initiative
打造绿色低碳发展高地
foster pacesetters for green and low-carbon development
📍pacemaker /ˈpeɪsˌmeɪ.kər/ 表示“领跑人，领跑动物;带头人，标兵”，英文解释为“the person or animal that establishes the speed in a race, or a person or organization that is an example for others by being successful”
「类似表述对比」
2024年报告Part 12：建设高水平社会主义市场经济体制改革先行区。We will set up pilot reform zones for building a high-standard socialist market economy and make plans for new reforms for the fiscal and tax systems.
2024年报告Part 13：深入实施自贸试验区提升战略，赋予自贸试验区、海南自由贸易港等更多自主权，推动开发区改革创新，打造对外开放新高地。We will keep working to upgrade pilot free trade zones, delegate more decision making power to free trade zones and the Hainan Free Trade Port, and encourage development zones to engage in reform and break new ground, so as to develop themselves into new pacesetters for opening up.
2022年报告Part 12：加快建设世界重要人才中心和创新高地，and step up efforts to build talent centers and innovation hubs of global importance.
2019年报告Part 18：增强辐射带动作用，打造改革开放新高地。so that they can better lead their surrounding areas and grow into pacesetters of reform and opening up.
2018年报告Part 17：全面复制推广自贸区经验，探索建设自由贸易港，打造改革开放新高地。We will spread the use of practices developed in free trade zones all over the country, and explore opening free trade ports, working toward new heights in reform and opening up.
积极稳妥推进碳达峰碳中和。
We will actively and prudently work toward peaking carbon dioxide emissions and achieving carbon neutrality.
注：
碳达峰
peak carbon dioxide emissions
碳中和
achieve carbon neutrality
积极稳妥
actively and prudently
📍碳达峰，就是指在某一个时点，二氧化碳的排放不再增长达到峰值，之后逐步回落。中国承诺在2030年前，二氧化碳的排放不再增长，达到峰值之后再慢慢减下去。
📍碳中和是指国家、企业、产品、活动或个人在一定时间内直接或间接产生的二氧化碳或温室气体排放总量，通过植树造林、节能减排等形式，以抵消自身产生的二氧化碳或温室气体排放量，实现正负抵消，达到相对“零排放”。
「类似表述对比」
2024年报告Part 4：启动首批碳达峰试点城市和园区建设。Trials for peaking carbon emissions began in the first group of cities and industrial parks.
2023年报告Part 12：科学有序推进碳达峰碳中和。We worked toward the targets of peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality with well-conceived and systematic steps.
2022年报告Part 16：有序推进碳达峰碳中和工作。We will take well-ordered steps to achieve peak carbon emissions and carbon neutrality.
2021年报告Part 16：扎实做好碳达峰、碳中和各项工作。We will take solid steps toward the goals of achieving peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality.
扎实开展“碳达峰十大行动”。提升碳排放统计核算核查能力，
We will carry out the 10 major initiatives for peaking carbon emissions and improve our carbon accounting and verification capacities.
注：
“碳达峰十大行动”
the 10 major initiatives for peaking carbon emissions
碳排放统计核算核查能力
carbon accounting and verification capacities
建立碳足迹管理体系，扩大全国碳市场行业覆盖范围。
We will develop a carbon footprint management system and expand the coverage of the national carbon market to more sectors.
注：
碳足迹管理体系
a carbon footprint management system
全国碳市场行业覆盖范围
the coverage of the national carbon market
深入推进能源革命，控制化石能源消费，加快建设新型能源体系。
We will advance the energy revolution, tighten control over fossil fuels consumption, and work faster to develop a new energy system.
注：
推进能源革命
advance the energy revolution
化石能源消费
fossil fuels consumption
建设新型能源体系
develop a new energy system
加强大型风电光伏基地和外送通道建设，推动分布式能源开发利用，
We will step up the building of large-scale wind and photovoltaic power bases and transmission routes and promote the development and use of distributed energy sources.
注：
大型风电光伏基地和外送通道
large-scale wind and photovoltaic power bases and transmission routes
分布式能源
distributed energy sources
发展新型储能，促进绿电使用和国际互认，
We will create new ways of storing energy and encourage the use and international mutual recognition of green electricity.
注：
发展新型储能
create new ways of storing energy
绿电使用和国际互认
the use and international mutual recognition of green electricity
绿电
green electricity
📍绿电指的是在生产电力的过程中，它的二氧化碳排放量为零或趋近于零，因相较于其他方式（如火力发电）所生产之电力，对于环境冲击影响较低。绿电的主要来源为太阳能、风力、生质能、地热等，中国主要以太阳能及风力为主。
发挥煤炭、煤电兜底作用，确保经济社会发展用能需求。
We will see that coal and coal-fired power play their crucial role in ensuring energy supply and our energy supply meets the needs of economic and social development.
注：
煤炭、煤电
coal and coal-fired power
确保经济社会发展用能需求-->能源供应满足经济社会发展需求
our energy supply meets the needs of economic and social development
（十）切实保障和改善民生，加强和创新社会治理。
10. Ensuring and improving the people's wellbeing and promoting better and new ways of conducting social governance
注：
保障和改善民生
ensure and improve the people's wellbeing
社会治理
(conducting) social governance
加强和创新……
promote better and new ways of …
坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，履行好保基本、兜底线职责，采取更多惠民生、暖民心举措，
Acting on the people-centered development philosophy, we will fulfill our responsibilities to meet people's basic needs and provide a cushion for those most in need and take more steps to deliver real benefits to the people to their satisfaction.
注：
以人民为中心的发展思想
the people-centered development philosophy
保基本、兜底线
meet people's basic needs and provide a cushion for those most in need
惠民生、暖民心
deliver real benefits to the people to their satisfaction
「类似表述对比」
2023年报告Part 13：贯彻以人民为中心的发展思想，持续增加民生投入，着力保基本、兜底线、促公平，Acting on a people-centered philosophy of development, we continued to increase inputs in areas important to people’s wellbeing, meet people’s basic needs, provide a cushion for those most in need, and promote social fairness.
2021年报告Part 19：坚持实事求是，求真务实谋发展、惠民生。We must take a fact-based approach, and pursue development and improve people’s lives in a realistic and pragmatic way.
二十大报告Part 25：深入群众、深入基层，采取更多惠民生、暖民心举措，着力解决好人民群众急难愁盼问题，We will stay engaged with our people and their communities, adopt more measures that deliver real benefits to the people and win their approval, and work hard to resolve the pressing difficulties and problems that concern them most.
扎实推进共同富裕，促进社会和谐稳定，
We will make solid progress toward prosperity for all and promote social harmony and stability.
注：
扎实推进共同富裕
make solid progress toward prosperity for all
共同富裕
prosperity for all
促进社会和谐稳定
promote social harmony and stability
不断增强人民群众的获得感、幸福感、安全感。
By doing so, we will give our people a growing sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security.
注：
增强人民群众的获得感、幸福感、安全感
give our people a growing sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告Part 7：增强人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感，• enable people to feel more satisfied, happy, and secure;
2018年报告Part 17：不断提升人民群众的获得感、幸福感、安全感。Our aim is to help people feel more satisfied, happier, and more secure.
二十大报告Part 6：人民群众获得感、幸福感、安全感更加充实、更有保障、更可持续，共同富裕取得新成效。We have ensured a more complete and lasting sense of fulfillment, happiness, and security for our people, and we have made further progress in achieving common prosperity for all.
多措并举稳就业促增收。
We will take a wide range of steps to stabilize employment and increase incomes.
注：
多措并举
take a wide range of steps to
稳就业促增收
stabilize employment and increase incomes
「类似表述对比」
2023年报告Part 2：针对有效需求不足的突出矛盾，多措并举扩投资促消费稳外贸。To address lack of effective demand, we adopted a combination of measures to expand investment, stimulate consumption, and stabilize foreign trade.
2021年报告Part 14：多措并举稳定外贸。We will adopt a package of steps to stabilize foreign trade.
2020年报告Part 12：要多措并举扩消费，适应群众多元化需求。We will apply a combination of measures to boost consumption and meet diverse demand among consumers.
2019年报告Part 14：多措并举促进城乡居民增收，增强消费能力。We will use a combination of measures to increase urban and rural personal incomes and boost capacity for consumption.
就业是最基本的民生。要突出就业优先导向，
As employment is the most basic component of the people's wellbeing, we will give greater priority to it.
注：
就业是最基本的民生
employment is the most basic component of the people's wellbeing
突出…优先导向
give greater priority to …
加强财税、金融等政策对稳就业的支持，加大促就业专项政策力度。
We will better leverage fiscal, tax, financial, and other policies to stabilize employment, and roll out more special policies to promote employment.
注：
财税、金融等政策
fiscal, tax, financial, and other policies
稳就业
stabilize employment
促就业
promote employment
加大……专项政策力度
roll out more special policies to …
落实和完善稳岗返还、专项贷款、就业和社保补贴等政策，加强对就业容量大的行业企业支持。
To keep employment stable, we will implement and improve policies on unemployment insurance premium refunds, special loans, and employment and social insurance subsidies, and we will provide more support to sectors and enterprises with a large capacity for creating jobs.
注：
稳岗返还
unemployment insurance premium refunds
专项贷款
special loans
就业和社保补贴
employment and social insurance subsidies
就业容量大的行业企业
sectors and enterprises with a large capacity for creating jobs
📍“稳岗返还”是政府为了稳定就业岗位、鼓励企业不裁员或少裁员而对企业发放的补贴。对不裁员、少裁员的企业给予一定比例的失业保险稳岗返还，资金主要用于职工生活补助、技能提升培训等支出。
「类似表述对比」
2023年报告Part 6：实施失业保险基金稳岗返还、留工培训补助等政策。We implemented policies on refunding unemployment insurance funds to keep employment stable and granting training subsidies for job retention to hard-hit businesses.
2022年报告Part 10：对不裁员少裁员的企业，继续实施失业保险稳岗返还政策，明显提高中小微企业返还比例。We will continue the policy of refunding unemployment insurance premiums for enterprises that make no cuts or minimal cuts to staff numbers, with a marked increase in the proportion of refunds going to MSMEs.
预计今年高校毕业生超过1170万人，要强化促进青年就业政策举措，优化就业创业指导服务。
Over 11.7 million students are due to graduate from college this year, and we must do more to promote employment for young people and provide better guidance and services to help them secure jobs or start businesses.
注：
优化就业创业指导服务-->提供更好的就业创业指导服务
provide better guidance and services to help them secure jobs or start businesses
就业创业
secure jobs or start businesses
扎实做好退役军人、农民工等群体就业工作，
We will also take solid steps to ensure employment for ex-service members, rural migrant workers, and other groups.
注：
退役军人
ex-service members / ex-service personnel
农民工
rural migrant workers
「类似表述对比」
2023年报告Part 6：做好高校毕业生、退役军人、农民工等群体就业工作。We took solid measures to ensure employment for college graduates, ex-service personnel, and rural migrant workers.
2021年报告Part 10：做好高校毕业生、退役军人、农民工等重点群体就业工作，We will work to ensure employment for key groups such as college graduates, ex-service members, and rural migrant workers,
2019年报告Part 11：扎实做好高校毕业生、退役军人、农民工等重点群体就业工作，We will work to ensure employment for key groups such as college graduates, demobilized military personnel, and rural migrant workers;
加强对残疾人等就业困难人员帮扶。
More employment assistance will be provided to jobseekers facing difficulties in securing employment including people with disabilities.
注：
残疾人
people with disabilities
就业困难人员
jobseekers facing difficulties in securing employment
分类完善灵活就业服务保障措施，扩大新就业形态就业人员职业伤害保障试点。
We will improve services and assistance for people in flexible employment based on their type of employment and expand trials of occupational injury insurance for people in new forms of employment.
注：
灵活就业
flexible employment
分类
based on their type of …
新就业形态就业人员
people in new forms of employment
职业伤害保障试点
trials of occupational injury insurance
「类似表述对比」
2023年报告Part 6：鼓励以创业带动就业，新就业形态和灵活就业成为就业增收的重要渠道。We encouraged job creation through business startups, and new and flexible employment forms became an important source of employment and income growth.
2022年报告Part 10：开展新就业形态职业伤害保障试点。and launch trials of occupational injury insurance for people in new forms of employment.
坚决纠正各类就业歧视，保障农民工工资支付，
We will take resolute steps against all forms of employment discrimination and ensure that the wages of rural migrant workers are paid.
注：
各类就业歧视
all forms of employment discrimination
坚决纠正-->坚决反对
take resolute steps against …
农民工
rural migrant workers
完善劳动关系协商协调机制，维护劳动者合法权益。
We will improve the consultation and mediation mechanisms for labor relations to protect the lawful rights and interests of workers.
注：
劳动关系协商协调机制
the consultation and mediation mechanisms for labor relations
劳动者合法权益
the lawful rights and interests of workers
适应先进制造、现代服务、养老照护等领域人才需求，加强职业技能培训。
We will enhance vocational skills training to meet job demands in sectors such as advanced manufacturing, modern services, and elderly care.
注：
先进制造
advanced manufacturing
现代服务
modern services
养老照护
elderly care
适应人才需求-->满足人才需求
meet job demands
加强职业技能培训
enhance vocational skills training
多渠道增加城乡居民收入，扩大中等收入群体规模，努力促进低收入群体增收。
We will work to increase the incomes of urban and rural residents through multiple channels, expand the size of the middle-income group, and increase the incomes of low-income earners.
注：
城乡居民收入
the incomes of urban and rural residents
多渠道
through multiple channels
中等收入群体
the middle-income group
低收入群体
low-income earners
「类似表述对比」
2023年报告Part 9：多渠道促进居民增收，提高中低收入群体收入。We promoted personal income growth through various avenues and saw the earnings of middle- and low-income groups rise.
2022年报告Part 17：多渠道增加普惠性学前教育资源。加强县域普通高中建设。We will increase resources for public-interest preschool education via multiple channels and promote the development of regular county high schools.
2022年报告Part 13：多渠道促进居民增收，We will boost personal incomes through multiple channels,
2021年报告Part 13：多渠道增加居民收入。Personal incomes will be increased through multiple channels.
2021年报告Part 2：多渠道做好重点群体就业工作，Multiple channels were tapped to ensure employment for key groups,
2019年报告Part 11：支持商业银行多渠道补充资本 We will support large commercial banks in replenishing capital through multiple channels.
2019年报告Part 14：多渠道增加优质产品和服务供给，use multiple avenues to increase the supply of quality products and services,
2019年报告Part 19：多渠道扩大学前教育供给，We will increase the supply of pre-school education through multiple avenues.
2018年报告Part 17：要促进多渠道就业，支持以创业带动就业。we need to expand the channels for employment and support job creation through business startups.
提高医疗卫生服务能力。
We will improve medical and health services.
注：
医疗卫生服务
medical and health services
继续做好重点传染病防控。
We will continue work to prevent and control key infectious diseases.
注：
key infectious diseases
重点传染病
居民医保人均财政补助标准提高30元。
Government subsidies for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents will increase by an average of 30 yuan per person.
注：
（城乡）居民医保人均财政补助（标准）
government subsidies for basic medical insurance for rural and non-working urban residents
基本医保
basic medical insurance
城乡居民
rural and non-working urban residents
财政补助
government subsidies
促进医保、医疗、医药协同发展和治理。
We will promote the coordinated development and management of medical insurance, medical services, and pharmaceuticals.
注：
医保、医疗、医药
medical insurance, medical services, and pharmaceuticals
协同发展和治理
the coordinated development and management
推动基本医疗保险省级统筹，完善国家药品集中采购制度，强化医保基金使用常态化监管，落实和完善异地就医结算。
We will advance the unified management of basic medical insurance funds at the provincial level, improve the system for national centralized procurement of medicines, enhance regular oversight over the use of medical insurance funds, and refine the policies on settling medical expenses where they are incurred.
注：
基本医疗保险省级统筹
the unified management of basic medical insurance funds at the provincial level
国家药品集中采购制度
the system for national centralized procurement of medicines
常态化监管
regular oversight
医保基金
medical insurance funds
异地就医结算
settle medical expenses where they are incurred
「类似表述对比」
2022年报告Part 17：推动基本医保省级统筹。The unified management of basic medical insurance funds will be advanced at the provincial level.
2021年报告Part 17：推动基本医保省级统筹、门诊费用跨省直接结算。We will promote provincial-level unified management of basic medical insurance funds and realize inter-provincial on-the-spot settlement of outpatient bills through individual accounts for basic medical insurance.
深化公立医院改革，以患者为中心改善医疗服务，推动检查检验结果互认。
We will deepen the reform of public hospitals, improve medical services with a patient-centered approach, and promote mutual recognition of medical examination results between hospitals.
注：
公立医院改革
the reform of public hospitals
以患者为中心
with a patient-centered approach
改善医疗服务
improve medical services
检查检验结果
medical examination results
互认
mutual recognition
着眼推进分级诊疗，引导优质医疗资源下沉基层，加强县乡村医疗服务协同联动，扩大基层医疗卫生机构慢性病、常见病用药种类。
To promote tiered diagnosis and treatment, we will channel more high-quality medical resources toward lower-level hospitals, promote stronger county-township-village coordination in the supply of medical services, and allow prescription of more medicines for chronic diseases and common diseases in community clinics.
注：
推进分级诊疗
promote tiered diagnosis and treatment
优质医疗资源
quality medical resources
下沉基层
channel … toward lower-level ……
县乡村协同联动
county-township-village coordination
慢性病、常见病
chronic diseases and common diseases
基层医疗卫生机构-->社区诊所
community clinics
📍“分级诊疗”指按照疾病的轻重缓急及治疗的难易程度进行分级，不同级别的医疗机构承担不同疾病的治疗，逐步实现从全科到专业化的医疗过程。
「类似表述对比」
2023年报告Part 13：全面推开公立医院综合改革，持续提升县域医疗卫生服务能力，完善分级诊疗体系。 Comprehensive reform of public hospitals was carried out across the board, the capacity for providing medical and health services at the county level was steadily increased, and the tiered diagnosis and treatment system was refined.
2021年报告Part 17：加快建设分级诊疗体系。The tiered diagnosis and treatment system will be developed at a faster pace.
2019年报告Part 19：提升分级诊疗和家庭医生签约服务质量。and improve services provided both under the tiered diagnosis and treatment model and by contracted family doctors.
2022年报告Part 7：新增财力要下沉基层，主要用于落实助企纾困、稳就业保民生政策，促进消费、扩大需求。New funds will be channeled to local levels of government and used mainly to ease the difficulties of enterprises, stabilize employment, meet living needs, and increase consumption and demand.
加快补齐儿科、老年医学、精神卫生、医疗护理等服务短板。
We will act faster to shore up weak links in services such as pediatrics, geriatrics, mental health, and nursing.
注：
补齐短板
shore up weak links in
儿科
pediatrics
老年医学
geriatrics
精神卫生
mental health
医疗护理
nursing
促进中医药传承创新，加强中医优势专科建设。
We will promote the preservation and innovative development of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and strengthen specialty branches that draw on the strengths of TCM.
注：
中医药
traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)
促进……传承创新
promote the preservation and innovative development of …
加强中医优势专科建设
strengthen specialty branches that draw on the strengths of TCM
深入开展健康中国行动和爱国卫生运动，筑牢人民群众健康防线。
We will advance the Healthy China Initiative and patriotic health campaigns and build a strong line of defense to protect people's health.
注：
健康中国行动
the Healthy China Initiative
爱国卫生运动
patriotic health campaigns
「类似表述对比」
2019年报告Part 19：坚决守住人民群众生命健康的防线。to guard the line protecting the lives and health of our people.
二十大报告Part 28：增强全民国家安全意识和素养，筑牢国家安全人民防线。This will raise the people’s awareness and readiness regarding national security and strengthen the public line of defense.
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