美国14岁少年吃超辣薯片被辣死

去年9月，美国一名14岁少年吃下爆辣玉米薯片后不幸死亡。近日，尸检报告出炉后，该事件再次引发关注。

🤔️小作业： 1. What is the main function of the second paragraph in the passage? A) To introduce the circumstances leading to Harris's death B) To describe the marketing strategy of the “One Chip Challenge” C) To explain the medical conditions found during the autopsy D) To provide a summary of the findings during the autopsy 2. What can be inferred about Paqui's target audience for the "One Chip Challenge" based on the passage? A) The product was designed for children and teenagers B) The challenge was marketed mainly towards adults C) The company did not consider any specific audience D) The product was aimed at professional food critics

无注 释原文： Teen died from ultra-spicy 'One Chip Challenge,' autopsy finds
From: The Washington Post
A teenager in Massachusetts died after consuming a chip made with some of the hottest chile peppers in the world, an autopsy report showed.
Harris Wolobah, 14, became unresponsive at home hours after eating a snack sold as an “extremely hot chip” at school and died shortly after in September.
His death was caused by cardiac arrest “in the setting of recent ingestion of a food substance with high capsaicin concentration,” according to information shared by Elaine Driscoll, a spokesperson for the Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety and Security.
The report noted that Harris had a “cardiomegaly and myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending coronary artery” — an enlarged heart and a congenital heart condition.
Driscoll said that the cause of death was determined Feb. 27, but details from the autopsy gained national attention in May.
The chip produced by Paqui, a subsidiary of the Hershey Co., was branded the “One Chip Challenge” and dared consumers to eat the spicy snack. It came packaged in a coffin-shaped box and seasoned with extreme spice for $9.99.
The “One Chip Challenge” has been discontinued, and Paqui worked with retailers to voluntarily remove the product from store shelves in September 2023, the company told The Washington Post on Thursday afternoon.
“We were and remain deeply saddened by the death of Harris Wolobah and extend our condolences to his family and friends,” said Kim Metcalfe, a spokesperson for Paqui, adding that the challenge “was intended for adults only … the product was not for children or anyone sensitive to spicy foods or with underlying health conditions.”
Harris's mother, Lois Wolobah, told WBZ in September that she learned from the school nurse that her son had fainted in school after eating a tortilla chip. When she reached the high school, Harris showed her an image of the Paqui chip that made him sick.
A few hours later, Harris passed out at home. He was taken to an emergency room, where he died, his mother said.
When first responders arrived to assist Harris, he was unresponsive and not breathing, Worcester Police Department spokesperson Katie Daly-Shea told The Post in September.
“Harris was a light that lit up the room with his presence and subtle charm,” said Harris's family in a now-disabled GoFundMe drive arranged to raise funds for his funeral. “He was an intelligent, quirky and incredibly talented young man who loved video games and playing basketball!”
The product was being sold as a “One Chip Challenge,” suggesting consumers would find it challenging to consume the single 6-gram chip dusted with Carolina Reaper and Naga Viper peppers.
The idea for Paqui's “One Chip Challenge” was born a decade ago and has gone through seven iterations since then, mainly changing the peppers used to season it.
Before Harris's death, there had been reports of children suffering physically after eating the chips at school.
In January 2022, three students at a high school in Lodi, Calif., went to the emergency room after eating the chip, which caused them to vomit and struggle to breathe, Lodi Unified School District spokesperson Chelsea Vongehr told The Post.
- ◆ - 注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考 含注释全文：
Teen died from ultra-spicy 'One Chip Challenge,' autopsy finds
From: The Washington Post
A teenager in Massachusetts died after consuming a chip made with some of the hottest chile peppers in the world, an autopsy report showed.
尸检报告显示，马马萨诸塞州的一名少年在食用了由世界上最辣辣椒制成的薯片后死亡。

chile
chile /ˈtʃɪl.i/ 表示“辣椒”。
更常见的 chilli /ˈtʃɪl.i/ 英式，美式 chili，表示“辣椒”，英文解释为“the small, red or green seed case from particular types of pepper plant that is used to make some foods very hot and spicy”举个🌰：Add 2 chopped red chillies. 加入两根切成块的辣椒。
🌶️chile: 这种拼写通常在美国西南部（例如新墨西哥州）和墨西哥用来指辣椒，尤其是指新鲜的或干燥的墨西哥辣椒。这种拼写还可以指智利这个国家（Chile）。
🌶️ Chilli: 这种拼写在英国、印度和其他一些英联邦国家更常用，指辣椒。它可以指新鲜的、干燥的辣椒或辣椒粉。
🌶️ Chili: 这种拼写在美国更常用，特别是指辣椒（pepper）或辣椒炖肉（chili con carne，一种带有辣椒的炖肉）。在美国，拼写为“chili”时通常指的是辣椒粉或带有辣味的炖肉，而不是单独的辣椒。

pepper
pepper /ˈpep.ər/ 表示“胡椒粉”，英文解释为“a grey or white powder produced by crushing dry peppercorns, used to give a spicy, hot taste to food”如：freshly ground black pepper 现磨的黑胡椒粉。
2）表示“菜椒，甜椒”，英文解释为“a vegetable that is usually green, red, or yellow, has a rounded shape, and is hollow with seeds in the middle”如：a red/green pepper 红/青菜椒。

autopsy
autopsy /ˈɔːtəpsɪ/ 表示“验尸”，英文解释为“An autopsy is an examination of a dead body by a doctor who cuts it open in order to try to discover the cause of death.”举个🌰：He had the grim task of carrying out an autopsy on his friend. 他的可怕差事是为他的朋友验尸。

Harris Wolobah, 14, became unresponsive at home hours after eating a snack sold as an “extremely hot chip” at school and died shortly after in September.
2023年9月，14岁的哈里斯·沃洛巴（Harris Wolobah）在学校吃了一种被称为“爆辣薯片”的零食，回家几小时后便失去了知觉，不久后离世。

unresponsive
unresponsive /ˌʌn.rɪˈspɒn.sɪv/ 表示“（因失去知觉或患重病而）没有反应的，完全不动的”，英文解释为“not reacting or moving at all because of being unconscious or very ill ”举个🌰：The patient was collapsed and unresponsive when he was brought into hospital. 病人被送到医院时处于昏迷状态，没有反应。

His death was caused by cardiac arrest “in the setting of recent ingestion of a food substance with high capsaicin concentration ,” according to information shared by Elaine Driscoll, a spokesperson for the Massachusetts Executive Office of Public Safety and Security.
根据马萨诸塞州公共安全执行办公室发言人伊莱恩·德里斯科尔（Elaine Driscoll）提供的信息，他的死因是“近期摄入高浓度辣椒素食品后”心脏骤停。

cardiac arrest
cardiac arrest /ˌkɑː.di.æk əˈrest/ 表示“心脏停搏”，英文解释为“a condition in which the heart stops beating”

ingestion
ingestion /ɪnˈʤes.tʃən/ 表示“摄取（营养，药物）”，英文解释为“the process of absorbing nutrients or medications into the body by eating or drinking them”举个🌰：There is a therapy option that does not require the ingestion of drugs. 有一种不需要摄取药物的治疗方案。

substance
substance /ˈsʌb.stəns/ 1）表示“物质；材料”，英文解释为“material with particular physical characteristics”如：an organic/chemical substance 有机/化学物质。
2）表示“重要性；要旨；实质；根据”，英文解释为“importance, seriousness, or relationship to real facts”举个🌰：There is no substance in/to the allegation. 这项指控毫无根据。

capsaicin
capsaicin /kæpˈseɪsɪn/ 表示“辣椒素，辣椒碱”，英文解释为“the substance in chillis (= small hot-tasting peppers) that gives them their hot taste”。

concentration
concentration /ˌkɒn.sənˈtreɪ.ʃən/ 除了表示我们平常熟悉的“专注、专心；关注、重视；集中、聚集”等，还可以表示“浓度”，英文解释为“the exact amount of one particular substance that is found in another substance”举个🌰：High concentrations of toxic elements were found in the polluted areas. 在被污染地区发现了高浓度的有毒元素。

The report noted that Harris had a “cardiomegaly and myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending coronary artery” — an enlarged heart and a congenital heart condition.
报告指出，哈里斯患有 “心脏肥大和左前降支冠状动脉心肌桥”——心脏肥大和先天性心脏病。

anterior
anterior /ænˈtɪə.ri.ər/ 表示“前部的，前面的;向前的”，英文解释为“positioned at or towards the front”举个🌰：Specimens for examination were taken from the anterior side of the left ventricle from each heart. 检查样本取自每个心脏左心室的前侧。

enlarge
enlarge /ɪnˈlɑːdʒ/ 表示“（使）增大；（使）扩大；（使）扩充”，英文解释为“to become bigger or to make something bigger”举个🌰：They've enlarged the kitchen by building over part of the garden. 他们占用一部分花园扩建了厨房。

congenital
congenital /kənˈdʒen.ɪ.təl/ 1）表示“（疾病等）天生的，先天的”，英文解释为“A congenital disease or condition exists at or from birth.”如：a congenital abnormality/disease 先天性畸形/疾病。
2）表示“生就有（某种坏品质）的，生性的”，英文解释为“used to say that someone always shows a particular bad quality”如：a congenital liar 生性爱说谎的人。

Driscoll said that the cause of death was determined Feb. 27, but details from the autopsy gained national attention in May.
德里斯科尔表示，死因于2月27日确定，但尸检报告的细节在5月引起了全国关注。
The chip produced by Paqui, a subsidiary of the Hershey Co., was branded the “One Chip Challenge” and dared consumers to eat the spicy snack. It came packaged in a coffin -shaped box and seasoned with extreme spice for $9.99.
这款由美国好时公司（Hershey Co.）子公司Paqui生产的薯片以“One Chip Challenge”（一片薯片挑战）为卖点，鼓励消费者挑战食用这种辛辣零食。薯片盒子包装呈棺材形状，添加了爆辣的调味料，售价9.99美元。

subsidiary
subsidiary /səbˈsɪd.i.ə.ri/ 表示“子公司；附属公司”，英文解释为“A subsidiary or a subsidiary company is a company which is part of a larger and more important company.”

dare
dare /deər/ 1）表示“敢于；胆敢；竟敢”，英文解释为“to be brave enough to do something difficult or dangerous, or to be rude or silly enough to do something that you have no right to do”
2）表示“向…挑战；问…有没有胆量（做）；（用激将法）激”，英文解释为“to ask someone to do something that involves risk”举个🌰：I dare you to ask him to dance. 我谅你也不敢请他跳舞。

coffin
coffin /ˈkɒfɪn/表示“棺材；棺椁；棺木”，英文解释为“a box in which a dead body is buried or cremated”

season
熟词僻义，作动词，表示“给…调味，加调料于”，英文解释为“to improve the flavour of savoury food by adding salt, herbs, or spices when cooking or preparing it”举个🌰：Drain the rice, stir in the salmon and season to taste (= so that it has the taste you like). 把米饭沥干，拌入鲑鱼，然后根据个人口味加入调料。
The “One Chip Challenge” has been discontinued, and Paqui worked with retailers to voluntarily remove the product from store shelves in September 2023, the company told The Washington Post on Thursday afternoon.
该公司周四下午告诉《华盛顿邮报》（The Washington Post），“One Chip Challenge”已经停产，Paqui公司与零售商合作，于2023年9月自愿将该产品下架。

retailer
retailer /ˈriː.teɪ.lər/ 表示“零售商；零售店”，英文解释为“a person, shop, or business that sells goods to the public”如：a big electronics retailer 大型电子产品零售店。

“We were and remain deeply saddened by the death of Harris Wolobah and extend our condolences to his family and friends,” said Kim Metcalfe, a spokesperson for Paqui, adding that the challenge “was intended for adults only … the product was not for children or anyone sensitive to spicy foods or with underlying health conditions.”
Paqui公司发言人金·梅特卡夫（Kim Metcalfe）表示：“我们对哈里斯·沃洛巴的离世深感悲痛，并向他的家人和朋友表示哀悼，”并补充说，这个挑战“只针对成年人……该产品不适合儿童或任何对辛辣食物过敏或有潜在健康问题的人。”

condolences
condolence /kənˈdəʊ.ləns/ 1）复数形式，表示“哀悼”，英文解释为“When you offer or express your condolences to someone, you express your sympathy for them because one of their friends or relatives has died recently.”举个🌰：He expressed his condolences to the families of the people who died in the incident. 他向那次事故遇难者家属表达了哀悼。
2）不可数形式，表示“吊唁”，英文解释为“A message of condolence is a message in which you express your sympathy for someone because one of their friends or relatives has died recently.”举个🌰：She sent him a letter of condolence. 她给他发了一封吊唁信。

underlying
underlying /ˌʌn.dəˈlaɪ.ɪŋ/ 1）表示“暗含的；深层的；潜在的”，英文解释为“real but not immediately obvious”举个🌰：And what might be the underlying significance of these supposedly random acts? 这些看似偶然的行为，其暗含的意义可能是什么呢？
2）表示“以…为基础的”，英文解释为“used to describe something on which something else is based”举个🌰：The price of the investment fell below the value of the underlying assets. 这一投资项目的价格已经跌至低于标的资产价值。

Harris's mother, Lois Wolobah, told WBZ in September that she learned from the school nurse that her son had fainted in school after eating a tortilla chip . When she reached the high school, Harris showed her an image of the Paqui chip that made him sick.
哈里斯的母亲洛伊斯·沃洛巴（Lois Wolobah）在2023年9月接受WBZ采访时表示，她从学校护士那里得知，她的儿子在学校吃了一片玉米薯片后晕倒了。当她赶到高中时，哈里斯向她展示了让他生病的Paqui薯片的照片。

faint
faint /feɪnt/ 表示“（光、声、味）微弱的，不清楚的”，英文解释为“that cannot be clearly seen, heard or smelt”如：a  faint glow/glimmer/light 微弱的光亮/闪光/光，举个🌰：We could hear their voices growing fainter as they walked down the road. 他们沿路走远时我们听见他们的说话声逐渐模糊。
📍feel faint 表示“虚弱无力；感到眩晕；快要晕倒似的”，英文解释为“to feel weak, as if you are about to become unconscious”举个🌰：She felt faint with hunger. 她饿得头昏眼花。

tortilla chip
tortilla chip /tɔːˈtiː.ə ˌtʃɪp/ 表示“（常蘸辣酱食用的）炸玉米片”，英文解释为“a small, fried piece of tortilla, often eaten with a spicy sauce”

A few hours later, Harris passed out at home. He was taken to an emergency room, where he died, his mother said.
几个小时后，哈里斯在家中昏迷。哈里斯的母亲说，他被送往急诊室后不治身亡。

pass out
表示“（因病痛、受伤或醉酒）昏迷，失去知觉”，英文解释为“to become unconscious for a short time, for example when ill, badly hurt, or drunk”举个🌰：I was hit on the head and passed out. 我被击中了头部，一下就昏过去了。

When first responders arrived to assist Harris, he was unresponsive and not breathing, Worcester Police Department spokesperson Katie Daly-Shea told The Post in September.
2023年9月，伍斯特警察局发言人凯蒂·戴利-谢伊（Katie Daly-Shea）告诉《华盛顿邮报》，当急救人员赶到现场时，他已没有反应，停止呼吸。

first responder
first responder /ˌfɜːst rɪˈspɒn.dər/ 表示“（首先到达现场处理紧急事件的）现场急救人员，应急反应人员”，英文解释为“someone who is one of the first people to arrive to deal with an emergency, especially a paramedic, police officer, or firefighter”

“Harris was a light that lit up the room with his presence and subtle charm,” said Harris's family in a now-disabled GoFundMe drive arranged to raise funds for his funeral. “He was an intelligent, quirky and incredibly talented young man who loved video games and playing basketball!”
哈里斯的家人在为其葬礼筹款而安排的GoFundMe活动中说：“哈里斯是一束光，他的存在和微妙的魅力照亮了整个房间。他是一个聪明、独特、才华横溢的年轻人，喜欢电子游戏和打篮球！”

subtle
subtle /ˈsʌt.əl/ 表示“难以察觉，难以理解的；微妙的，细微的”，英文解释为“not easy to notice or understand unless you pay careful attention”举个🌰：The pictures are similar, but there are subtle differences between them. 这些图片很相似，但它们之间有细微的差别。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述企业发现AI难以实施的文章中提到：A more subtle problem is that of deciding what to use AI for. 一个更微妙的问题是决定AI派上什么用场。

quirky
quirky /ˈkwɜːkɪ/ 表示“古怪的，独特的”，英文解释为“unusual in an attractive and interesting way”举个🌰：He was tall and had a quirky, off-beat sense of humour. 他个子高高的，有一种独特、另类的幽默感。

The product was being sold as a “One Chip Challenge,” suggesting consumers would find it challenging to consume the single 6-gram chip dusted with Carolina Reaper and Naga Viper peppers.
该产品以“One Chip Challenge”为卖点，暗示消费者吃下一片6克重、撒有卡罗莱纳死神椒和娜迦蝰蛇椒的薯片很有挑战性。

dust
dust /dʌst/ 作动词，1）表示“擦去…的灰尘，给…除尘”，英文解释为“to use a cloth to remove dust from the surface of something”举个🌰：I was dusting the mantelpiece when I noticed a crack. 我在擦壁炉台的时候发现了一道裂纹。
2）表示“在…上撒（粉末）”，英文解释为“to cover something with a light powder”举个🌰：Dust the top of the cake with icing sugar. 在蛋糕上撒些糖霜。

The idea for Paqui's “One Chip Challenge” was born a decade ago and has gone through seven iterations since then, mainly changing the peppers used to season it.
Paqui公司的“One Chip Challenge”创意诞生于十年前，此后经历了七次迭代，主要是改变了用来调味的辣椒。

iteration
iteration /ˌɪt.ərˈeɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“反复（通常为了作出改善而重复做某事）”，英文解释为“the process of doing something again and again, usually to improve it, or one of the times you do it”如：the repetition and iteration that goes on in designing something 在设计某物时的重复与反复修改。
2）表示“迭代，叠代（数学里若干次使用一个数学法则得出的量）”，英文解释为“an amount that you get when you use a mathematical rule several times”

Before Harris's death, there had been reports of children suffering physically after eating the chips at school.
哈里斯去世前，曾有报道称孩子们在学校吃了这种薯片后身体不适。
In January 2022, three students at a high school in Lodi, Calif., went to the emergency room after eating the chip, which caused them to vomit and struggle to breathe, Lodi Unified School District spokesperson Chelsea Vongehr told The Post.
2022年1月，加州洛迪联合学区发言人切尔西`冯格尔（Chelsea Vongehr）告诉《华盛顿邮报》，学区内一所高中的三名学生吃了这种薯片后，出现了呕吐和呼吸困难的情况，随后被送往急诊。

vomit
vomit /ˈvɒm.ɪt/ 表示“呕吐”，英文解释为“to empty the contents of the stomach through the mouth”举个🌰：He came home drunk and vomited all over the kitchen floor. 他醉醺醺地回到家里，在厨房里吐了一地。

- 词汇盘点 - chile、 pepper、 autopsy、 unresponsive、 cardiac arrest、 ingestion、 substance、 capsaicin、 concentration、 anterior、 enlarge、 congenital、 subsidiary、 dare、 coffin、 season、 retailer、 condolences、 underlying、 faint、 tortilla chip、 pass out、 first responder、 subtle、 quirky、 dust、 iteration、 vomit
- 词汇助记 By ChatGPT - After ingesting a quirky tortilla chip dusted with a high concentration of capsaicin, a man fainted and suffered cardiac arrest. The autopsy revealed a congenital anomaly enlarged by subtle pepper toxins. The retailer extends condolences and discontinues the deadly iteration. 一名男子吃下撒有高浓度辣椒素的奇特玉米片后昏迷，并发生了心脏骤停。尸检显示，一种天生的异常病症因微量的辣椒毒素而加剧。零售商表示哀悼，并下架了该致命产品。 - 推荐阅读 - 写在九周年的话
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