祝自己节日快乐：）

今天，1024，传说中「程序员的节日」，就祝自己节日快乐吧：）

为什么是1024呢，因为1024=2¹⁰，程序员最熟悉的二进制啦。顺便插一个冷知识，世界上有10种人，一种懂二进制，另一种不懂。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What is the primary reason for the current difficulties faced by computer-science graduates in securing jobs?

A) There is an increasing focus on AI, reducing demand for general coders.

B) Companies are hesitant to hire recent graduates.

C) The pandemic has caused a reduction in hiring across all industries.

D) The number of job postings for entry-level positions has remained the same.

无注释原文：

Computer-Science Majors Graduate Into a World of Fewer Opportunities

From: The Wall Street Journal, May 20, 2024

Computer science is hotter than ever at U.S. universities. But students graduating this month are discovering their degrees are no longer a surefire ticket to tech-industry riches.

In fact, many are finding it harder than they ever thought it would be to land a job.

Tech giants that were expanding aggressively just a few years ago now have less need for entry-level hires—or are shedding jobs. They are also, increasingly, turning their focus to artificial intelligence, a technology many fear could reduce the need for coders. Postings on jobs website Indeed for software-development roles, a proxy for computer science, have dropped 30% from prepandemic levels.

At the same time, companies have a burgeoning supply of new grads to choose from. The number of students in the U.S. majoring in computer and information science has jumped 40% in five years, to more than 600,000 as of 2023. The number of bachelor's degrees conferred in those majors topped 100,000 in 2021, according to the Department of Education, a 140% rise from 10 years earlier.

Students who once had jobs and summer internships lined up by Thanksgiving are now broadening their searches.

“When I tell people I'm in computer science, they're, like, 'Lucky you. You're going to make a lot of money. You can do anything you want,'” said Ben Riesett, a 22-year-old who graduated this month from Catholic University of America. “The truth is, when you start looking right now, it's impossible to get hired.”

Just a few years ago, Riesett heard constantly that employers needed staff with his skill set; now, his classmates with jobs got them through friends or family, or from internships. Riesett, in Washington, D.C., said he has applied to entry-level roles all over the country and received only a few responses.

To be sure, comp-sci majors from top-tier schools can still get jobs. Pay, projected to be at about $75,000, is at the high end of majors reviewed by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, or NACE. They are just not all going to Facebook or Google.

“Job seekers need to reset their expectations,” said Tim Herbert, chief research officer at CompTIA, a trade group that follows the tech sector. “New grads may need to adjust where they're willing to work, in some cases what salary, perks or signing bonus they'll receive, and the type of firm they'll work for.”

And while big tech companies are hiring for AI-related jobs, Herbert said, many of those positions require more experience than a new grad would have.

Salaries for this year's graduates in computer science are expected to be 2.7% higher than last year's, the smallest increase of eight fields reviewed by NACE.

In the past 18 months, job growth has remained flat for software publishers, a group of employers that includes software developers, according to the Labor Department. On the student jobs platform Handshake, the number of full-time jobs recently posted for tech companies is down 30% from the year-ago period.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为华尔街日报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Computer-Science Majors Graduate Into a World of Fewer Opportunities

From: The Wall Street Journal, May 20, 2024

Computer science is hotter than ever at U.S. universities. But students graduating this month are discovering their degrees are no longer a surefire ticket to tech-industry riches.

在美国高校，计算机科学比以往任何时候都更热门。但本月毕业的学生们发现，他们的学位不再是通往科技行业高收入岗位万无一失的敲门砖。

surefire /ˈʃɔː.faɪər/ 表示“肯定的，可能的；（尤指）肯定（或可能）会成功的”，英文解释为“certain or likely, especially to succeed”举个🌰：The film looks a surefire Oscar winner. 看来这部电影一定会得奥斯卡奖。

In fact, many are finding it harder than they ever thought it would be to land a job.

事实上，许多毕业生发现找工作比他们想象的要难。

熟词僻义，表示“（尤指轻而易举或意外地）获得，得到，赢得”，英文解释为“to get or achieve something good, especially in a way that seems easy or unexpected”举个🌰：He landed a senior editorial job. 他刚刚得到了一份高级编辑的工作。

Tech giants that were expanding aggressively just a few years ago now have less need for entry-level hires—or are shedding jobs. They are also, increasingly, turning their focus to artificial intelligence, a technology many fear could reduce the need for coders. Postings on jobs website Indeed for software-development roles, a proxy for computer science, have dropped 30% from prepandemic levels.

几年前还在积极扩张的科技巨头们现在对初级员工的需求减少了，或者正在裁员。这些公司也日益将发展重心转向人工智能（AI），许多人担心AI技术会减少对程序员的需求。在招聘网站Indeed上，作为计算机科学代表岗位的软件开发职位的招聘信息较新冠疫情前减少了30%。

aggressively /əˈɡres.ɪv.li/ 1）表示“好斗地；富于攻击性地；挑衅地”，英文解释为“in an angry and violent way”举个🌰：Small children often behave aggressively. 小孩经常会表现得好斗。

2）表示“进取地；有侵略性地”，英文解释为“in a determined and forceful way in order to achieve success or win”举个🌰：They played more aggressively in the second half. 他们在下半场打得更有攻击性。

entry level /ˈen.tri ˌlev.əl/ 1）表示“（组织中）最底层的；（工种等）初级水平的”，英文解释为“at or relating to the lowest level of an organization, type of work, etc.”如：entry-level jobs/workers/salaries 初级水平的工作/初级水平的工人／最低的工资。

2）表示“（设备）入门级的，适合初级用户的”，英文解释为“used to describe a product that is cheaper or simpler than other similar products, and therefore suitable for someone who has not used or bought one before”

shed /ʃed/ 作名词，表示“（通常为木质、存放物品用的）棚子，小屋”，英文解释为“a small building, usually made of wood, used for storing things”如：a tool/storage shed 工具/储物棚，a garden/bicycle shed 花园/自行车棚。

作动词，shed 1）表示“使脱落；使掉落；蜕；脱”，英文解释为“to lose a covering, such as leaves, hair, or skin, because it falls off naturally, or to drop something in a natural way or by accident”举个🌰：The trees shed their leaves in autumn. 树木在秋天落叶。

2）表示“（常为报刊用语）去除，摆脱”，英文解释为“(often used in newspapers) to get rid of something you do not need or want”举个🌰：900 jobs will be shed over the next few months. 接下来几个月中要裁减900个职位。

📍shed tears, blood, light, etc. 表示“流泪／流血／发光（等等）”，英文解释为“to produce tears, light, blood, etc.”举个🌰：She shed a few tears at her daughter's wedding. 她在女儿的婚礼上流下了泪。

proxy /ˈprɒk.si/ 表示“（由个人委托的）代理人，代表；代理权；代表权”，英文解释为“authority given to a person to act for someone else, such as by voting for them in an election, or the person who this authority is given to”如：a proxy vote 代投的一票。

At the same time, companies have a burgeoning supply of new grads to choose from. The number of students in the U.S. majoring in computer and information science has jumped 40% in five years, to more than 600,000 as of 2023. The number of bachelor's degrees conferred in those majors topped 100,000 in 2021, according to the Department of Education, a 140% rise from 10 years earlier.

与此同时，应聘公司岗位的应届毕业生数量越来越多。美国主修计算机和信息科学的学生人数在五年内激增了40%，到2023年超过60万人。根据美国教育部的数据，2021年，这些专业获得学士学位的人数突破了10万，比10年前增长了140%。

burgeoning /ˈbɜː.dʒən.ɪŋ/ 表示“迅速发展的；快速生长的，繁荣的”，英文解释为“developing quickly”举个🌰：The company hoped to profit from the burgeoning communications industry. 公司希望能从飞速发展的通讯业中获利。

表示“自…起；到...时候为止”，英文解释为“starting from a particular time or date”举个🌰：As of next month, all the airline's fares will be going up. 自下月起，所有航空公司的机票价格都将上调。

bachelor /ˈbætʃ.əl.ər/ 表示“独身男子，单身汉”，英文解释为“a man who has never married”

bachelor's degree /ˌbætʃ.əl.əz dɪˈɡriː/ 表示“学士学位”，英文解释为“a first degree at college or university”

📍词根“bachelor”源自中世纪拉丁语“baccalarius”，最初指小农场的主人。后来指未婚男士，也用于指学士学位。

confer /kənˈfɜːr/ 1）表示“授予（称号、荣誉）；赋予（优势）”，英文解释为“to give an official title, honour, or advantage to someone”举个🌰：An honorary doctorate was conferred on him by Peking University. 北京大学授予他荣誉博士学位。

2）表示“（常指为达成行动决议而）商讨，商议，协商”，英文解释为“to exchange ideas on a particular subject, often in order to reach a decision on what action to take”举个🌰：I need some time to confer with my lawyer. 我想花点时间跟我的律师商量一下。

🎬电影《小妇人》（Little Women）中的台词提到：No, writing doesn't confer importance. It reflects it. 不 写作并不能让一件事情变得重要 只能反映其重要性。

Students who once had jobs and summer internships lined up by Thanksgiving are now broadening their searches.

这些专业的学生曾经在感恩节前有不少工作和暑期实习机会，现在他们正扩大搜索范围。

internship /ˈɪn.tɜːn.ʃɪp/ 表示“实习期”，英文解释为“a period of time during which someone works for a company or organization in order to get experience of a particular type of work”举个🌰：She has a summer internship at a local TV station. 她暑期在当地一家电视台实习。

“When I tell people I'm in computer science, they're, like, 'Lucky you. You're going to make a lot of money. You can do anything you want,'” said Ben Riesett, a 22-year-old who graduated this month from Catholic University of America. “The truth is, when you start looking right now, it's impossible to get hired.”

本月从美国天主教大学（Catholic University of America）毕业的22岁学生Ben Riesett说：“当我告诉别人我学的是计算机科学时，他们会说，‘你真幸运。你会赚很多钱。你可以做任何你想做的事。’”“而事实是，当你现在开始找工作时，根本不可能被录用。”

Just a few years ago, Riesett heard constantly that employers needed staff with his skill set; now, his classmates with jobs got them through friends or family, or from internships. Riesett, in Washington, D.C., said he has applied to entry-level roles all over the country and received only a few responses.

就在几年前，Riesett还经常听说雇主需要具备他这样技能的员工，而现在，他的一些同学都是通过朋友、家人或者实习机会才找到工作的。身在华盛顿特区的Riesett说，他申请了全美各地的初级职位，但只收到了几份回复。

skill set /ˈskɪl ˌset/ 表示“综合技能，技能组合”，英文解释为“the range of things that someone is good at, especially things that are useful in a particular job”举个🌰：When the training is finished, our trainees will be equipped with the skill set necessary to apply for positions within conservation management organizations. 培训结束后，我们的学员将具备应聘文物保护管理机构工作时所需的综合技能。

To be sure, comp-sci majors from top-tier schools can still get jobs. Pay, projected to be at about $75,000, is at the high end of majors reviewed by the National Association of Colleges and Employers, or NACE. They are just not all going to Facebook or Google.

当然，一流高校的计算机科学专业学生还是可以找到工作的。预计年薪约75,000美元，在全美大学与雇主协会（National Association of Colleges and Employers, 简称NACE）所评估的专业中处于高端水平。只是他们不会都去Facebook或谷歌（Google）。

表示“一流的；水平最高的，质量最好的”，英文解释为“of the highest level or quality”如：a top-tier medical school 一所一流的医学院。

“Job seekers need to reset their expectations,” said Tim Herbert, chief research officer at CompTIA, a trade group that follows the tech sector. “New grads may need to adjust where they're willing to work, in some cases what salary, perks or signing bonus they'll receive, and the type of firm they'll work for.”

“求职者需要重新设定他们的期望值，”关注科技行业的行业组织CompTIA的首席研究官Tim Herbert说。“应届毕业生可能需要调整他们想去工作的地方，在某些情况下需要调整他们对薪资、福利或签约奖金，以及他们将为哪类公司工作的预期。”

perk /pɜːk/ 表示“（因工作而享有的）补贴，津贴，额外待遇”，英文解释为“an advantage or something extra, such as money or goods, that you are given because of your job”举个🌰：A company car and a mobile phone are some of the perks that come with the job. 这份工作的一些额外待遇包括配备公车和移动电话。

And while big tech companies are hiring for AI-related jobs, Herbert said, many of those positions require more experience than a new grad would have.

Herbert说，虽然大型科技公司正在招聘与AI相关的职位，但其中许多职位对经验的要求高于应届毕业生具备的水平。

Salaries for this year's graduates in computer science are expected to be 2.7% higher than last year's, the smallest increase of eight fields reviewed by NACE. 

今年计算机科学专业毕业生的薪资预计仅比去年增长2.7%，是NACE所评估的八个专业中增幅最小的。

In the past 18 months, job growth has remained flat for software publishers, a group of employers that includes software developers, according to the Labor Department. On the student jobs platform Handshake, the number of full-time jobs recently posted for tech companies is down 30% from the year-ago period.

美国劳工部的数据显示，在过去18个月里，软件出版商（包括软件开发人员在内的雇主群体）的工作岗位增幅一直持平。在学生就业平台Handshake上，科技公司最近发布的全职工作岗位数量比去年同期下降了30%。

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