澳大利亚通过法案16岁以下禁用社交媒体
LearnAndRecord约 11 分钟近日，澳大利亚联邦议会参议院投票通过法案，禁止该国16岁以下未成年人使用社交媒体。
🤔️小作业：
1. What does the article suggest about Australia's approach compared to other countries?
A) It requires stricter parental consent than existing U.S. laws.
B) It surpasses other countries in terms of the severity of its regulations.
C) It focuses more on industry self-regulation rather than government mandates.
D) It is modeled directly after similar legislation in Florida.
无注释原文：
Australia Passes Landmark Social-Media Ban for Under-16s
From: The Wall Street Journal
Australia is set to become the first country to ban social media use by under-16s after the country's Senate overwhelmingly voted in favor of strict new legislation.
The ban, which will take at least 12 months to come into effect, could see technology companies fined up to 50 million Australian dollars, roughly $32.5 million, if they fail to bring in steps to prevent children from holding accounts. Parents and teenagers won't be fined.
Advocates of the legislation—which is considered among the strictest in the world—hope it will make it easier for parents to keep their children off the platforms until they are more mature.
“Social media is doing harm to our children and I'm calling time on it,” Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said when the bill was introduced to Parliament earlier this month. “I've spoken to thousands of parents, grandparents, aunties and uncles. They, like me, are worried sick about the safety of our children online.”
The country's Senate passed the bill 34 votes to 19 Thursday. The House of Representatives Wednesday approved the legislation 102 votes to 13.
The legislation marks the latest effort by political leaders worldwide to regulate children's social-media use, amid widespread concerns about its negative impacts on mental health.
A law in Florida, which is currently being challenged in the courts, aims to ban social media for children under 14 and require parental consent for children between 14 and 15 years old.
Australia's proposal takes things further and effectively puts social-media access on par with the country's legal age of consent in some areas, as well as a teenager's ability to learn to drive or apply to join the military.
An industry group that represents tech companies including Snap, TikTok and Meta Platforms—which owns Facebook and Instagram—has previously spoken out against the ban.
The Digital Industry Group has called for a balanced approach to create age-appropriate spaces and raised privacy concerns. Australia's legislation would require all Australians to provide personal information, such as an ID or an image of their face, to verify their age, according to the industry group.
A spokesman for Meta raised concerns about the legislation and said more research into the effects of social media on mental health was needed. “We are concerned about the process which rushed the legislation through while failing to properly consider the evidence, what industry already does to ensure age-appropriate experiences, and the voices of young people,” he said.
Snap and TikTok owner ByteDance didn't immediately respond to requests for comment.
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本部分为官方译文，部分为机器翻译，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Australia Passes Landmark Social-Media Ban for Under-16s
From: The Wall Street Journal
Australia is set to become the first country to ban social media use by under-16s after the country's Senate overwhelmingly voted in favor of strict new legislation.
澳大利亚可能将成为首个禁止16岁以下人群使用社交媒体的国家，该国参议院以压倒性多数投票通过了这项严格的新法律。
landmark
landmark /ˈlænd.mɑːk/ 1）表示“地标；标志性建筑”，英文解释为“a building or place that is easily recognized, especially one that you can use to judge where you are”
2）表示“（发展过程中的）里程碑”，英文解释为“an important stage in something's development”举个🌰：The invention of the silicon chip was a landmark in the history of the computer. 硅片的发明是计算机发展史上的一个里程碑。
senate
senate /ˈsen.ət/ 表示“（诸如美国、澳大利亚、法国的）参议院”，英文解释为“one of the two groups of politicians who make laws in some political systems such as in the US, Australia, and France, often having different powers from the other group and different rules for members, for example being elected for a longer period”举个🌰：The law has no chance of being passed by the Senate. 该法律没有机会在参议院获得通过。
overwhelmingly
overwhelmingly /ˌoʊvərˈwelmɪŋli/ 表示“压倒性地；不可抵抗地”，英文解释为“strongly or completely; in an overwhelming way”举个🌰：The team were overwhelmingly defeated in yesterday's game. 在昨天的比赛中这支球队遭遇了惨败。
legislation
legislation /ˌledʒ.ɪˈsleɪ.ʃən/ 表示“法律；立法”，英文解释为“a law or set of laws suggested by a government and made official by a parliament”举个🌰：The government has promised to introduce legislation to limit fuel emissions from cars. 政府许诺将通过立法来限制汽车尾气排放。
The ban, which will take at least 12 months to come into effect, could see technology companies fined up to 50 million Australian dollars, roughly $32.5 million, if they fail to bring in steps to prevent children from holding accounts. Parents and teenagers won't be fined.
该禁令至少需要12个月才能生效。根据这项禁令，如果科技公司未能采取措施阻止儿童开设账户，将面临最高5,000万澳元（约合3,250万美元）的罚款。家长和青少年不会被罚款。
Advocates of the legislation—which is considered among the strictest in the world—hope it will make it easier for parents to keep their children off the platforms until they are more mature.
这项立法被认为是世界上最严格的立法之一，其支持者希望这项立法能帮助父母更容易地在孩子更成熟之前远离这些平台。
advocate
1）表示“拥护者；支持者；提倡者；主张人”，英文解释为“An advocate of a particular action or plan is someone who recommends it publicly.”如：an advocate for hospital workers 医院工作人员的支持者。
2）表示“为 (某团体) 谋利益者”，英文解释为“An advocate for a particular group is a person who works for the interests of that group.”如：advocates for the homeless 为无家可归者谋利益的人。
3）表示“辩护律师”，英文解释为“An advocate is a lawyer who speaks in favour of someone or defends them in a court of law.”
“Social media is doing harm to our children and I'm calling time on it,” Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese said when the bill was introduced to Parliament earlier this month. “I've spoken to thousands of parents, grandparents, aunties and uncles. They, like me, are worried sick about the safety of our children online.”
“社交媒体正在对我们的孩子造成伤害，我呼吁停止这种行为，”澳大利亚总理安东尼·阿尔巴尼斯（Anthony Albanese）在本月早些时候向议会提交该法案时说。“我与成千上万的父母、祖父母以及亲戚们交谈过。他们和我一样，对孩子们在网上的安全问题感到非常担忧。”
bill
bill /bɪl/ 熟词僻义，作动词，表示“把…宣传为；做广告；通过广告宣传”，英文解释为“If you bill a person or event as a particular thing, you advertise them in a way that makes people think they have particular qualities or abilities.”举个🌰：The young author was billed as "the new Beckett." 这位年轻作家被吹捧为“新贝克特”。
📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述奢侈品集团思索清空库存方法的文章中提到：Every frock sold by the likes of Gucci or Givenchy is billed as a must-have that season. 古驰或纪梵希之类的品牌把它们的每条裙子都标榜为当季必买。
作名词，表示“议案，法案”，英文解释为“a formal statement of a planned new law that is discussed before being voted on”举个🌰：The bill was amended (= changed). 议案被修订了。
worried sick
worried sick 表示非常担心或焦虑到极点，是一种非正式的表达，常用于形容对某件事或某人感到极度忧虑，甚至到生病的程度。举个🌰：I was worried sick when my son didn’t come home on time. 我因为儿子没按时回家而极度担心。She's worried sick about the upcoming exam. 她对即将到来的考试非常焦虑。
The country's Senate passed the bill 34 votes to 19 Thursday. The House of Representatives Wednesday approved the legislation 102 votes to 13.
澳大利亚参议院周四以34票赞成、19票反对的结果通过了这项法案。众议院周三以102票赞成、13票反对的结果批准了这项立法。
the House of Representatives
the House of Representatives /ˌhaʊs əv rep.rɪˈzen.tə.tɪvz/ 表示“（美国、澳大利亚及新西兰的）众议院”，英文解释为“the lower house of the parliaments of some countries, including the US, Australia, and New Zealand”
The legislation marks the latest effort by political leaders worldwide to regulate children's social-media use, amid widespread concerns about its negative impacts on mental health.
此法案是全球政界人士规范未成年人社交媒体使用的最新举措。在普遍担忧社交媒体对心理健康的负面影响的背景下，这一举措备受关注。
A law in Florida, which is currently being challenged in the courts, aims to ban social media for children under 14 and require parental consent for children between 14 and 15 years old.
例如，美国佛罗里达州试图通过一项法律，计划禁止14岁以下未成年人使用社交媒体，14至15岁儿童使用社交媒体需征得父母同意。
consent
consent /kənˈsent/ 表示“同意；准许；允许”，英文解释为“permission to do sth, especially given by sb in authority”举个🌰：Children under 16 cannot give consent to medical treatment. 16岁以下的儿童不得自行同意接受治疗。
Australia's proposal takes things further and effectively puts social-media access on par with the country's legal age of consent in some areas, as well as a teenager's ability to learn to drive or apply to join the military.
澳大利亚的这项提案实际上将获得社交媒体访问权限的年龄与该国在某些领域的法定承诺年龄、以及青少年学习驾驶或申请参军的法定年龄定于相同水平。
on par with
on (a) par with sb/sth 表示“和…同样，不相上下，不分伯仲”，英文解释为“the same as or equal to someone or something”
An industry group that represents tech companies including Snap, TikTok and Meta Platforms—which owns Facebook and Instagram—has previously spoken out against the ban.
代表Snap、TikTok和Meta Platforms（旗下拥有Facebook和Instagram）等科技公司的行业组织此前曾公开反对这项禁令。
speak out
speak out/up 表示“（尤指对有强烈感受的话题）公开发表意见，坦率说出”，英文解释为“to give your opinion about something in public, especially on a subject that you have strong feelings about”
The Digital Industry Group has called for a balanced approach to create age-appropriate spaces and raised privacy concerns. Australia's legislation would require all Australians to provide personal information, such as an ID or an image of their face, to verify their age, according to the industry group.
数字产业集团（Digital Industry Group）呼吁为未成年人创造适龄的网络环境需要更加综合考虑，提出了隐私方面的担忧。数字产业集团称，澳大利亚的立法将要求所有澳大利亚人提供个人信息，如身份证或面部照片，以核实其年龄。
age-appropriate
age-appropriate /ˌeɪdʒ.əˈprəʊ.pri.ət/ 1）表示“适合某个年龄段的”，英文解释为“suitable or right for people of a particular age”如：age-appropriate clothing 适合某个年龄段的服装。
2）表示“年龄合适的，年龄相称的”，英文解释为“of a suitable age”举个🌰：The actors all look age-appropriate for their characters. 所有的演员看起来都跟他们饰演的角色年龄相称。
verify
verify /ˈver.ɪ.faɪ/ 表示“核实；查对；核准；证明；证实”，英文解释为“to check that sth is true or accurate；to show or say that sth is true or accurate”举个🌰：We have no way of verifying his story. 我们无法核实他所说的情况。Her version of events was verified by neighbours. 她对这些事件的说法已得到邻居的证实。
A spokesman for Meta raised concerns about the legislation and said more research into the effects of social media on mental health was needed. “We are concerned about the process which rushed the legislation through while failing to properly consider the evidence, what industry already does to ensure age-appropriate experiences, and the voices of young people,” he said.
Meta发言人对这项立法表示担忧，并表示有必要对社交媒体对心理健康的影响进行更多研究。他表示：“我们对该立法程序感到担忧，有关方面在没有充分考虑证据、行业为确保合适年龄者的体验而采取的措施、以及年轻人的意见的情况下仓促通过了该立法。”
Snap and TikTok owner ByteDance didn't immediately respond to requests for comment.
Snap和TikTok的所有者字节跳动（Bytedance）没有立即回应置评请求。
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