2025考研英语一阅读1：莎士比亚

考研结束啦。今天我们就一起来看看2025考研英语一真题阅读Text 1。感兴趣的可以做一做题。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

21. The "rehearsal room" approach requires pupils to ___.

[A] rewrite the lines from Shakespeare.

[B] watch RSC actors' performances.

[C] play the roles in Shakespeare.

[D] Study drama under RSC artist.

[A] The change in instruction enhances learning outcomes.

[B] expanding vocabulary helps develop reading fluency.

[D] emotion affects understanding of sophisticated works.

[D] the classroom activity stimulates interest in the acts.

23. Control pupils' reliance on "desert island click's" shows their ___.

[A] weakness in description.

[B] omission of small details.

[C] casual style of writing.

[D] preference for big words.

24. What can promote children's emotional literacy according to O'Hanlon?

[A] Writing in an imaginative manner.

[B] Identifying with literary characters.

[C] Drawing inspiration from nature.

[D] Concentrating on real-life situations.

25. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that  ___.

[A] the new teaching method may work best with Shakespeare.

[B] the language of Shakespeare may be formidable for pupils.

[C] other old dramatists may be included in primary education.

[D] pupils may be reluctant to work on other old dramatists.

无注释原文：

Shakespeare really does improve children's English, study finds

From: The Times, Feb 22, 2024

The grammar school boy from Stratford-upon-Avon has landed a scholarly punch after ground-breaking research showed that Shakespeare does benefit children's literacy and emotional development. But only if you act him out.

A study found that a “rehearsal room” approach to teaching Shakespeare broadened children's vocabulary and the complexity of their writing as well as their emotional literacy.

“The research shows that the way actors work makes a big difference to the way children use language and also how they think about themselves,” Jacqui O'Hanlon of the Royal Shakespeare Company, which commissioned the study, said.

The randomised control trial involved hundreds of year 5 pupils – aged nine and ten – at 45 state primary schools that had not been “previously exposed to RSC pedagogy”, and with above average eligibility for free school meals. They were split into target and control groups and asked to write, for example, a message in a bottle as Ferdinand after the shipwreck in The Tempest. The target group was given a 30-minute drama-based activity to accompany the passage.

The peer-reviewed results showed that the target group of pupils drew on a wider vocabulary, used words “classed as more sophisticated or rarer”, and wrote at greater length. They also “appear to be more comfortable writing in role… while [control] pupils imagine how they themselves would react to being shipwrecked, [target] children put themselves in the shoes of a literary character and express that character's emotion.”

The Time to Act study, which is published this week, also found that while control pupils relied on “desert island clichés” such as palm trees, target pupils were “more expressive [giving] a broader picture of the sky, the sea and the atmospheric conditions.”

O'Hanlon said she had been most surprised by the “emotional literacy that was evident in the [target] children's writing” and that they were “more resilient in their writing, more hopeful.”

She added: “The emotional understanding was very evident and it is probably related to the [rehearsal room process] where you are used to trying to imaged your way through. They were comfortable in describing different emotional states and part of what you do in drama is put yourself in different shoes. ” The study showed the importance of embedding the arts in education, she said.

But could the results be replicated with any old playwright?

O'Hanlon said more research would be needed but suggested that Shakespeare's use of 20,000 words, compared with the everyday 2,000 words, gave a “massive explanation of language into children's lives”, which was combined with children “using their whole bodies to bring words to life”.

- ◆ -

注：较真题内容有所改编。完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Shakespeare really does improve children's English, study finds

From: The Times, Feb 22, 2024

The grammar school boy from Stratford-upon-Avon has landed a scholarly punch after ground-breaking research showed that Shakespeare does benefit children's literacy and emotional development. But only if you act him out.

一项开创性的学术研究，再次展示了埃文河畔（Avon）斯特拉福德（Stratford）这位文法学校学生（指莎士比亚）的影响力——研究表明，莎士比亚的作品确实对儿童的读写能力和情感认知有帮助，但前提是得把它表演出来。

punch /pʌntʃ/ 作动词，1）表示“用拳猛击”，英文解释为“If you punch someone or something, you hit them hard with your fist.”举个🌰：After punching him on the chin she wound up hitting him over the head. 她对准他的下巴猛击一拳，最后又在他的头上打了一拳。

2）表示“按（键或钮）”，英文解释为“If you punch something such as the buttons on a keyboard, you touch them in order to store information on a machine such as a computer or to give the machine a command to do something.”举个🌰：She strode to the lift and punched the button. 她大步走到电梯前按了一下按钮。

Land a punch是一个常见的比喻性短语，源于拳击术语，字面意思是“击中对方一拳”。在比喻意义上，它通常指在某种情境中成功地“取得显著的效果”或“传递有力的信息”。在非物理意义上，指通过言辞、行动或某些成就成功产生影响，常常带有一种冲击力或强调作用。举个🌰：Her speech landed a punch, leaving everyone in awe. 她的演讲直击人心，让所有人都为之震撼。

groundbreaking /ˈɡraʊndˌbreɪ.kɪŋ/ 表示“开辟新天地的，独创的，开拓性的，里程碑性的”，英文解释为“You use groundbreaking to describe things which you think are significant because they provide new and positive ideas, and influence the way people think about things.” 如：groundbreaking research 开拓性的研究。

类似的：

📍pioneering /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə.rɪŋ/ 表示“先驱性的，开创性的”，英文解释为“using ideas and methods that have never been used before”如：pioneering techniques 创新技术。

📍seminal 表示“（对以后的发展）影响深远的，有重大意义的；（文章、书等）开创性的，有重大影响的”，英文解释为“a seminal article, book etc is important, and influences the way things develop in the future formal”，如：a seminal study 开创性研究，a seminal work/article 有巨大影响的著作/文章。

literacy /ˈlɪt.ər.ə.si/ 1）表示“识字；读写能力”，英文解释为“Literacy is the ability to read and write.”举个🌰：Many adults have problems with literacy and numeracy. 很多成年人有读写和计算的困难。

反义词：

📍illiteracy表示“文盲”（Illiteracy is the state of not knowing how to read or write.）

2）表示“（某领域或某方面的）知识，能力”，英文解释为“knowledge of a particular subject, or a particular type of knowledge”举个🌰：Computer literacy is becoming as essential as the ability to drive a car. 会用计算机与会开车一样将成为一种必备的技能。

A study found that a “rehearsal room” approach to teaching Shakespeare broadened children's vocabulary and the complexity of their writing as well as their emotional literacy.

研究表明，采用“排练室”模式教授莎士比亚的作品，不仅能丰富孩子们的词汇量，还能提高写作深度以及情感素养。

rehearsal /rɪˈhɜːsəl/ 表示“排练，排演，彩排”，英文解释为“a time when all the people involved in a play, dance, etc. practise in order to prepare for a performance”

“The research shows that the way actors work makes a big difference to the way children use language and also how they think about themselves,” Jacqui O'Hanlon of the Royal Shakespeare Company, which commissioned the study, said.

“研究表明，演员的工作方式对孩子们的语言运用以及自我认知有显著影响，”皇家莎士比亚剧团（Royal Shakespeare Company，RSC）委托进行这项研究的杰奎·奥汉隆（Jacqui O'Hanlon）说。

commission /kəˈmɪʃ.ən/ 1）作名词，表示“（负责调查问题真相或原因的）委员会”，英文解释为“a group of people who have been formally chosen to discover information about a problem or examine the reasons why the problem exists”如：a commission on alcohol abuse/racial tension 酗酒问题/种族间紧张关系调查委员会。

2）作动词，表示“委任（或任命）…为军官”，英文解释为“to give someone the official authority to be an officer in the armed forces”举个🌰：She was commissioned in 2024. 她于2024年被任命为军官。

3）作动词，表示“（正式地）安排…做，委托…做”，英文解释为“to formally choose someone to do a special piece of work, or to formally ask for a special piece of work from someone”举个🌰：She's commissioned an artist to paint her portrait. 她请了一位艺术家为她画肖像。

4）in commission表示“（机器、军舰等）在使用中的，在服役的”，英文解释为“If something, such as a machine or a military ship, is in commission it is working and ready for use.”这个含义也可以直接将commission当作动词用，相当于to put (a ship) in commission. 举个🌰：The ship was commissioned in 2024. 该舰于2024年服役。

5）out of commission 表示“（机器、军舰等）坏了的，不可使用的，退役的”，英文解释为“If something, such as a machine or a military ship, is out of commission it is broken or not available to be used.”

The randomised control trial involved hundreds of year 5 pupils – aged nine and ten – at 45 state primary schools that had not been “previously exposed to RSC pedagogy”, and with above average eligibility for free school meals. They were split into target and control groups and asked to write, for example, a message in a bottle as Ferdinand after the shipwreck in The Tempest. The target group was given a 30-minute drama-based activity to accompany the passage.

这项随机对照试验覆盖了45所公立小学数百名五年级学生（9岁和10岁），这些学生“以前没有接触过皇家莎士比亚剧团的教学法”，且学生中符合免费午餐资格的人数高于平均水平。研究中，学生被分为目标组和对照组，要求以《暴风雨》（The Tempest）中费迪南德（Ferdinand）的身份，在经历海难后撰写一封漂流瓶信件。目标组学生除了文段学习之外，还参与了30分钟的戏剧表演活动。

英式 randomised 美式 randomized /ˈræn.də.maɪzd/ 表示“随机化的”，英文解释为“relating to experimental research where subjects are selected for particular treatments by chance”如：a randomized drug trial 随机药物试验。

📍 randomized controlled trial = randomized control trial (RCT) 随机对照试验的基本方法是，将研究对象随机分组，对不同组实施不同的干预，在这种严格的条件下对照效果的不同。在研究对象数量足够的情况下，这种方法可以抵消已知和未知的混杂因素对各组的影响。A randomized controlled trial (RCT) is a study design that randomly assigns participants to groups and compares the outcomes to measure the effectiveness of a treatment or intervention.

pedagogy /ˈpedəɡɒdʒi/ 表示“教育学；教学法”，英文解释为“Pedagogy is the study and theory of the methods and principles of teaching.”

eligibility /ˌel.ɪ.dʒəˈbɪl.ə.ti/ 表示“适任，合格；被选举资格；具备条件”，英文解释为“the fact of having the necessary qualities or satisfying the necessary conditions”

🎬电影《追梦赤子心》（Rudy）中的台词提到：I've blown another year of eligibility. 我又失去了一年参赛的资格。

shipwreck /ˈʃɪp.rek/ 表示“（尤指触礁导致的）船只失事，海难；失事船只，沉船”，英文解释为“an accident in which a ship is destroyed or sunk at sea, especially by hitting rocks, or a ship that has been destroyed or sunk in such an accident”举个🌰：The danger of shipwreck is much greater in fog. 雾天船只失事的危险会大得多。

tempest /ˈtem.pɪst/ 表示“大风暴；暴风雨；暴风雪”，英文解释为“a violent storm”

The peer-reviewed results showed that the target group of pupils drew on a wider vocabulary, used words “classed as more sophisticated or rarer”, and wrote at greater length. They also “appear to be more comfortable writing in role… while [control] pupils imagine how they themselves would react to being shipwrecked, [target] children put themselves in the shoes of a literary character and express that character's emotion.”

经同行评审的研究结果表明，目标组学生使用了更丰富的词汇，采用了“更复杂或更罕见”的词汇，写作篇幅也更长。他们还“似乎更能够站在人物的视角进行写作......[对照组]学生想象自己在遭遇海难时会有什么反应，而[目标组]学生则设身处地地代入文学人物中，表达该人物的情感”。

表示“同行评审，同行评议”，英文解释为“the evaluation by fellow specialists of research that someone has done in order to assess its suitability for publication or further development”

sophisticated /səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtɪd/ 1）表示“老练的；久经世故的”，英文解释为“Someone who is sophisticated is comfortable in social situations and knows about culture, fashion, and other matters that are considered socially important.”举个🌰：He was a charming, sophisticated companion. 他是个有魅力、见多识广的伙伴。

2）表示“干练的”，英文解释为“A sophisticated person is intelligent and knows a lot, so that they are able to understand complicated situations.”举个🌰：These people are very sophisticated observers of the foreign policy scene. 这些人是外交政策领域干练的观察家。

3）表示“高级的；复杂的”，英文解释为“A sophisticated machine, device, or method is more advanced or complex than others.”举个🌰：Honeybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect. 蜜蜂所使用的交流系统是昆虫中最复杂的之一。

put oneself in one's place/position/shoes表示“处在（某人的）角度考虑”，英文解释为“to imagine how someone else feels in a difficult situation”举个🌰：Put yourself in my place - what else could I have done? 你站在我的角度想想，我还能做什么呢？

literary /ˈlɪt.ər.ər.i/ 表示“文学的，与文学相关的”，英文解释为“connected with literature”如：a literary critic 文学评论家。

The Time to Act study, which is published this week, also found that while control pupils relied on “desert island clichés” such as palm trees, target pupils were “more expressive [giving] a broader picture of the sky, the sea and the atmospheric conditions.”

这项名为“Time to Act”的研究发表于本周。该研究还发现，对照组学生的描述多局限于“荒岛的老套元素”，例如棕榈树，而目标组学生的表达“更具表现力，描绘出更广阔的天空、大海和气候条件。”

cliché /ˈkliː.ʃeɪ/ 表示“陈词滥调，老生常谈，老套的话”，英文解释为“a phrase, remark, or opinion that has very often been said or expressed before and is therefore not original and not interesting”举个🌰：My wedding day - and I know it's a cliché - was just the happiest day of my life. 我结婚那天——我知道这是老生常谈——是我一生中最幸福的一天。

palm /pɑːm/ = palm tree 表示“棕榈树”，英文解释为“a tree that grows in hot countries and has a tall trunk with a mass of long pointed leaves at the top”

atmospheric /ˌæt.məsˈfer.ɪk/ 1）表示“空气的；大气（层）的”，英文解释为“relating to the air or to the atmosphere”举个🌰：Plants are the main source of atmospheric oxygen. 大气中的氧气主要是植物产生的。

2）表示“制造独特氛围的；有神秘美感的；富有情调的”，英文解释为“creating a special feeling, especially a mysterious or romantic feeling”如：atmospheric lighting/music 富有情调的灯光/音乐。

O'Hanlon said she had been most surprised by the “emotional literacy that was evident in the [target] children's writing” and that they were “more resilient in their writing, more hopeful.”

奥汉隆表示，她最感意外的是“目标组学生写作中所展现出的情感素养”，他们“在写作中表现得更有韧性、更有希望。”

resilient /rɪˈzɪl.jənt/ 表示“有弹性的；能复原的；有复原力的；适应性强的”，英文解释为“able to quickly return to a previous good condition”举个🌰：She's a resilient girl - she won't be unhappy for long. 她是个适应力很强的女孩儿——她不会长时间沉浸于悲伤之中的。

She added: “The emotional understanding was very evident and it is probably related to the [rehearsal room process] where you are used to trying to imaged your way through. They were comfortable in describing different emotional states and part of what you do in drama is put yourself in different shoes. ” The study showed the importance of embedding the arts in education, she said.

她补充说：“对情感的理解非常明显，这可能与[排练室过程]有关，在排练室里，你会尝试通过自己的方式去感受。他们能够自如地描述不同的情感状态，而戏剧表演的一部分就是设身处地地去感受不同的情境。”她说：“这项研究表明了将艺术融入教育的重要性。”

embed /ɪmˈbed/ 表示“嵌入（插入、埋入）”，英文解释为“If an object embeds itself in a substance or thing, it becomes fixed there firmly and deeply.”举个🌰：One of the bullets passed through his chest before embedding itself in a wall. 其中一颗子弹穿过他的胸膛然后嵌入一面墙中。

But could the results be replicated with any old playwright?

至于这种方法是否同样适用于其他剧作家呢？

replicate /ˈrep.lɪ.keɪt/ 表示“使复现；重复；复制”，英文解释为“to make or do something again in exactly the same way”举个🌰：Researchers tried many times to replicate the original experiment. 研究者们作了很多次努力，试图重复这一实验。

playwright /ˈpleɪ.raɪt/ 表示“剧作家”，英文解释为“a person who writes plays”

O'Hanlon said more research would be needed but suggested that Shakespeare's use of 20,000 words, compared with the everyday 2,000 words, gave a “massive explanation of language into children's lives”, which was combined with children “using their whole bodies to bring words to life”.

奥汉隆表示，还需要进行更多的研究，但她认为，莎士比亚使用了2万个单词，而日常用语词汇量仅有2000个，再加上孩子们“用他们的肢体让语言变得更加生动”，这为孩子们提供了巨大的语言扩展空间。

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