马航MH370航班重启搜寻

近日，马来西亚交通部表示，将重启搜寻已失踪十年的马航MH370航班。

🤔️小作业：

1. Which perspective does Simon Maskell's statement most strongly support regarding the new search effort?

A. It is guaranteed to locate the wreckage because of robust evidence.

B. There is a fresh piece of definitive proof pinpointing the new search site.

C. The search area expansion is logical despite a lack of conclusive new data.

D. Malaysian officials have acted prematurely with inadequate consultation.

无注释原文：

The Search for Missing Flight MH370 Is Back On

From: The Wall Street Journal

Malaysia's government has tapped a private marine-robotics company to resume the search for missing Flight MH370, in a fresh effort to resolve one of history's biggest aviation mysteries.

The Malaysia Airlines passenger jet disappeared from radar screens en route to Beijing from Kuala Lumpur on March 8, 2014, with 239 people on board from more than a dozen countries, including 152 Chinese nationals.

Search teams led by Australia's government scoured vast stretches of the ocean for signs of the wreckage, but came up blank after a multiyear effort that, at around $150 million, was the most expensive in aviation history. At least three pieces of debris from the plane were found, including a tail part found on a sandbank in Mozambique and a wing part on a stony beach in Réunion Island, in the Indian Ocean. Researchers used these snatches of evidence and complicated modeling to try to locate the bulk of the wreckage, without success. The government-led search ended in 2017.

On Friday, Anthony Loke, Malaysia's transportation minister, said his government had agreed in principle to authorize an 18-month search by Ocean Infinity, a marine-robotics company with offices in the U.S. and U.K. in a new area measuring around 5,800 square miles in the southern Indian Ocean. Negotiations are being finalized, but the government is offering $70 million to Ocean Infinity on a “no find, no fee” model, where payment will only be made if the wreckage is found.

Ocean Infinity attempted a three-month search for the wreckage in early 2018, deploying autonomous underwater vehicles capable of operating as deep as 20,000 feet and equipped with sonar, echosounders and HD cameras. The company said it covered 43,000 square miles of ocean during its search, but came up empty-handed.

Loke said that Ocean Infinity had presented the Malaysian government with data suggesting that the new area in question was worth scouring, after taking into consideration findings from previous research on the plane's likely location. “We think that this is another attempt to find MH370, and it is our responsibility, and our obligation, and our commitment to the families,” said Loke.

Without examining the aircraft, there has been no way to determine a conclusive cause of the crash, but Malaysian officials have said in the past they believe there was a deliberate action to take the plane off course.

Simon Maskell, a professor of autonomous systems at the University of Liverpool, traveled to Malaysia in May, serving as a technical adviser to Ocean Infinity as it sought government approval for a renewed search.

Maskell, who is not currently working for Ocean Infinity, said that as far as he was aware there was no smoking gun suggesting the new search area is where the wreckage is located. But he said it is a logical place to look, expanding beyond the area of previous searches. “Ocean Infinity is extremely well positioned to show off what they are capable of,” he said.

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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为华尔街日报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

The Search for Missing Flight MH370 Is Back On

From: The Wall Street Journal

Malaysia's government has tapped a private marine-robotics company to resume the search for missing Flight MH370, in a fresh effort to resolve one of history's biggest aviation mysteries.

马来西亚政府已聘请一家私营水下机器人公司恢复搜寻失踪的MH370航班，再次尝试解开航空史上最大的谜团之一。

tap /tæp/ 1）表示“轻敲；轻拍；轻叩”，英文解释为“to hit sb/sth quickly and lightly”举个🌰：He tapped at the door. 他轻轻敲门。

2）表示“轻触（手机或平板电脑等给予指令）”，英文解释为“to touch the screen of a phone, tablet computer, etc. in order to give an instruction for something to happen”举个🌰：You can manage the repeat and shuffle options by tapping the screen once and swiping to the left. 你可以通过轻触一下屏幕向左滑动来使用重复和移动功能。

3）表示“ 在（电话或电报线）上装窃听器；窃听”，英文解释为“to use a small device attached to a phone in order to listen secretly to what people are saying”举个🌰：He suspected that his phone had been tapped. 他怀疑自己的电话被人窃听了。

4）表示“利用，开发，发掘（已有的资源、知识等）”，英文解释为“to make use of a source of energy, knowledge, etc. that already exists”举个🌰：We need to tap the expertise of the people we already have. 我们需要利用我们现有人员的专业知识。

🎬电影《头号玩家》（Ready Player One）中的台词提到：This isn't real, you're tapping my feed. 这不是真的 你们拦截了我的信号。

🎬电影《银河护卫队2》（Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2）中的台词提到：She wouldn't even tap her foot. Wouldn't move a muscle. 她也毫不动容 连脚趾头也不动一下。

tap into sth 表示“挖掘；使用…以获得好结果”，英文解释“to manage to use something in a way that brings good results”举个🌰：If only we could tap into all that energy and creativity. 如果我们能够用上那些精力和创意就好了。

resume /rɪˈzjuːm/ 1）表示“（中断后）继续，重新开始”，英文解释为“If an activity resumes, or if you resume it, it starts again after a pause.”举个🌰：Normal services will be resumed in the spring. 春天将恢复正常服务。

2）表示“恢复；重新回到，重返（某地或某位置）”，英文解释为“If you resume a place or position that you have left for a period of time, you return to it.”如：to resume your post/job 重返工作岗位，举个🌰：Please resume your seats, as the performance will continue in two minutes. 请大家回到自己的座位上去，两分钟后演出继续。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述疫情之下学生上课问题的文章中提到复课就用的resume classes：As well as letting final-year secondary-school students facing exams resume classes, Denmark has also begun to reopen crèches and primary schools. 丹麦除了让面临毕业考试的中学毕业班复课外，还开始逐步重开幼儿园和小学。

aviation /ˌeɪ.viˈeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“航空（学）；飞行（术）；航空工业”，英文解释为“the activity of flying aircraft, or of designing, producing, and keeping them in good condition”如：the British Civil Aviation Authority 英国民航局。

The Malaysia Airlines passenger jet disappeared from radar screens en route to Beijing from Kuala Lumpur on March 8, 2014, with 239 people on board from more than a dozen countries, including 152 Chinese nationals.

2014年3月8日，这架马来西亚航空公司（Malaysia Airlines）的客机在从吉隆坡飞往北京的途中从雷达屏幕上消失，机上有来自十多个国家的239人，其中包括152名中国公民。

radar /ˈreɪ.dɑːr/ 表示“雷达”，英文解释为“a system that uses radio waves to find the position of objects that cannot be seen”举个🌰：Other vessels in the area show up on the ship's radar (screen). 该船的雷达（屏幕）显示这一海域有其他船只。

en route /ˌɒn ˈruːt/ 法语，表示“在途中；在路上”，英文解释为“on the way; while travelling from/to a particular place”，后接(from)...to...；for...，如：a plane en route for Hangzhou 在飞往杭州途中的飞机，举个🌰：The bus broke down en route from Shanghai to Hangzhou. 公共汽车在从上海到杭州的途中抛锚了。

Search teams led by Australia's government scoured vast stretches of the ocean for signs of the wreckage, but came up blank after a multiyear effort that, at around $150 million, was the most expensive in aviation history. At least three pieces of debris from the plane were found, including a tail part found on a sandbank in Mozambique and a wing part on a stony beach in Réunion Island, in the Indian Ocean. Researchers used these snatches of evidence and complicated modeling to try to locate the bulk of the wreckage, without success. The government-led search ended in 2017.

由澳大利亚政府牵头的一些搜寻小组曾在广阔的海域寻找该飞机残骸，但花费约1.5亿美元进行的多年搜寻并无多大成果。这是航空史上耗资最大的一次搜寻。至少三块来自这架飞机的碎片被发现，包括在莫桑比克一个沙洲上发现的一块尾部残骸和在印度洋留尼汪岛一片石滩上发现的一块机翼残骸。研究人员利用这些零星的证据和复杂的模型试图找到飞机主体残骸，但没有成功。由政府牵头的搜寻工作于2017年结束。

1）表示“搜寻，翻找，搜查”，英文解释为“to search very carefully and thoroughly through an area, a document etc”举个🌰：Her family began to scour the countryside for a suitable house. 她的家人开始在乡下寻找合适的房子。

2）表示“冲刷成；冲刷出”，英文解释为“to make a passage, hole, or mark in the ground, rocks, etc. as the result of movement, especially over a long period”举个🌰：The water had raced down the slope and scoured out the bed of a stream. 水顺着山坡流下来，冲刷出一条小河道。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述巴菲特入股日本贸易公司的文章中提到：From the 1950s to the 1980s they acted as go-betweens, scouring the world for energy, metals and minerals, helping to underpin Japan’s economic miracle. 上世纪50年代到80年代，它们充当中间人，在世界各地搜寻能源、金属和矿产，帮助撑起了日本的经济奇迹。

stretch /stretʃ/ 作名词，1）表示“（连续的）一段时间”，英文解释为“a continuous period of time”举个🌰：The elderly generally need far less rest than the young, and tend to sleep in several short stretches. 年长者一般需要的休息时间比年轻人要少得多，而且往往会分成几个小段时间睡觉。

2）表示“（土地或水域的）一片，一段”，英文解释为“a continuous area of land or water”举个🌰：This particular stretch of coast is especially popular with hikers. 在这一段海岸散步的人特别多。

作动词，1）表示“到…的限度；超过…的限度；竭尽”，英文解释为“to go as far as or past the usual limit of something”举个🌰：Many families' budgets are already stretched to breaking point. 许多家庭的预算已经撑到了极限。

2）表示“伸出；伸长；拉伸”，英文解释为“to cause something to reach, often as far as possible, in a particular direction”举个🌰：She stretched out her hand and helped him from his chair. 她伸手将他从椅子上扶起来。

3）表示“展开，铺开；延伸”，英文解释为“to spread over a large area or distance”举个🌰：A huge cloud of dense smoke stretched across the horizon. 一大团浓烟在地平线上蔓延开来。

4）表示“延续”，英文解释为“to spread over a long period of time”举个🌰：The dispute stretches back over many years. 这场争论可追溯到许多年以前。

wreckage /ˈrek.ɪdʒ/ 1）表示“严重受损的东西；残骸”，英文解释为“a badly damaged object or the separated parts of a badly damaged object”举个🌰：The wreckage of the car was scattered over the roadside. 那辆汽车的残骸散落在路旁。

2）表示“剩余物；残存物”，英文解释为“what is left of something that has been spoiled or that has failed”举个🌰：Kate was still clinging to the wreckage of her failed marriage. 凯特仍然执着于她那破碎的婚姻，不想放手。

debris /ˈdeb.riː/ 表示“碎片，残片；残渣；垃圾；废弃物”，英文解释为“pieces of material that are not wanted and rubbish/garbage that are left somewhere”举个🌰：Clear away leaves and other garden debris from the pond. 把池塘里的树叶和其他庭园垃圾清除干净。

sandbank /ˈsænd.bæŋk/ 表示“沙洲，沙坝，沙滩”，英文解释为“a raised area of sand below the surface of the sea or a river that can only be seen when the water level is low”

stony /ˈstəʊ.ni/ 1）表示“（地面）布满石头的，多石的”，英文解释为“Stony ground contains a lot of stones.”举个🌰：The island has several stony beaches which are usually deserted. 岛上有几小片乱石海滩，一般没有人去。

2）表示“（表情或态度）冷冰冰的，冷漠的”，英文解释为“A stony expression or way of behaving is one that shows no sympathy or kindness.”举个🌰：She gave me a stony glare as I walked into the room. 我走进房间时，她冷冷地看了我一眼。

snatch /snætʃ/ 作动词，1）表示“夺走，抢走”，英文解释为“to take hold of something suddenly and roughly”举个🌰：He snatched the photos out of my hand before I had a chance to look at them. 我还没来得及看，他就一把抢走了我手里的照片。

2）表示“绑架；抢劫”，英文解释为“to take something or someone away by force”举个🌰：She had her purse snatched (= stolen) while she was shopping. 她买东西的时候，钱包被抢走了。

作名词，snatch /snætʃ/ 表示“片断；只言片语”，英文解释为“a short part of something”举个🌰：I tried to hear what they were saying, but I only managed to catch a few snatches of conversation. 我竭力想听清他们的谈话，但只听到了一些只言片语。

表示“（某物的）主要部分，大半”，英文解释为“the main or largest part of something”举个🌰：The bulk of consumers are based in towns. 大多数消费者都是城镇居民。

On Friday, Anthony Loke, Malaysia's transportation minister, said his government had agreed in principle to authorize an 18-month search by Ocean Infinity, a marine-robotics company with offices in the U.S. and U.K. in a new area measuring around 5,800 square miles in the southern Indian Ocean. Negotiations are being finalized, but the government is offering $70 million to Ocean Infinity on a “no find, no fee” model, where payment will only be made if the wreckage is found.

马来西亚交通部长陆兆福（Anthony Loke）上周五表示，该国政府已原则上同意授权水下机器人公司Ocean Infinity在印度洋南部一块约5,800平方英里的新区域进行为期18个月的搜寻。Ocean Infinity在美国和英国设有办事处。商谈正在最终敲定中，但马来西亚政府将以“找不到，不付费”的模式向Ocean Infinity支付7,000万美元，只有在找到残骸的情况下才会付款。

英式 authorise 美式 authorize /ˈɔː.θər.aɪz/ 表示“批准，准许；授权，委托”，英文解释为“to give official permission for something to happen, or to give someone official permission to do something”举个🌰：Who authorized this expenditure? 这项支出是谁批准的？

Ocean Infinity attempted a three-month search for the wreckage in early 2018, deploying autonomous underwater vehicles capable of operating as deep as 20,000 feet and equipped with sonar, echosounders and HD cameras. The company said it covered 43,000 square miles of ocean during its search, but came up empty-handed.

Ocean Infinity曾在2018年初用了三个月时间搜寻飞机残骸，该公司部署了能在2万英尺深处作业的自主水下航行器，这些航行器配备了声纳、回声探测仪和高清摄像头。该公司表示，在搜寻过程中，其搜索范围覆盖了43,000平方英里的海域，但最终空手而归。

sonar /ˈsəʊ.nɑːr/ 表示“声纳，声呐（一种声波探测仪器，用声波测定水的深度或水下物体的方位）”，英文解释为“equipment, especially on a ship, that uses sound waves to discover how deep the water is or the position of an object in the water, such as a group of fish”

echo sounder /ˈek.əʊ ˌsaʊn.dər/ 表示“（尤指船载）回声探测器”，英文解释为“a piece of equipment, especially on a ship, that uses sound waves to discover water depth or the position of an object in the water”

Loke said that Ocean Infinity had presented the Malaysian government with data suggesting that the new area in question was worth scouring, after taking into consideration findings from previous research on the plane's likely location. “We think that this is another attempt to find MH370, and it is our responsibility, and our obligation, and our commitment to the families,” said Loke.

陆兆福表示，Ocean Infinity在参考了之前对飞机可能坠毁地点的研究结果后，向马来西亚政府提交了数据，表明这个新区域值得搜寻。陆兆福说：“我们认为，这是寻找MH370航班的又一次尝试，这也是我们的责任、义务以及对遇难者家属的承诺。”

obligation /ˌɒb.lɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“义务；责任；职责”，英文解释为“the fact that you are obliged to do something”举个🌰：If you have not signed a contract, you are under no obligation to (= it is not necessary to) pay them any money. 如果你没有签合同，你就没有义务付给他们钱。

📍词根“-lig-”来自拉丁语“ligare”，意味着“绑定，约束”。前缀“ob-”通常表示“向前”或“对面”，在这里加强了绑定的感觉。想象你看到一个人被一份重要文件“绑定”，这份文件代表了他的职责。近义词：duty（职责），同根词：obligatory（义务的），常用短语：fulfill an obligation（履行义务）。

Without examining the aircraft, there has been no way to determine a conclusive cause of the crash, but Malaysian officials have said in the past they believe there was a deliberate action to take the plane off course.

由于没能找到这架飞机进行检查，无法确定坠机的确切原因，但马来西亚官员曾表示，他们认为有人蓄意改变了飞机航线。

conclusive /kənˈkluː.sɪv/ 表示“无可置疑的；确实的；决定性的；结论性的”，英文解释为“proving that something is true, or ending any doubt”举个🌰：They had conclusive evidence/proof of her guilt. 他们掌握了她有罪的确凿证据。

deliberate /dɪˈlɪb.ər.ət/ 作动词，表示“仔细考虑；深思熟虑；反复思考”，英文解释为“to think very carefully about sth, usually before making a decision”举个🌰：The jury deliberated for five days before finding him guilty. 陪审团认真讨论了五天才裁定他有罪。

作形容词，表示“（常指坏事）有意的，故意的，蓄意的”，英文解释为“(often of something bad) intentional or planned”如：a deliberate attack/insult/lie 蓄意攻击/侮辱/说谎。

Simon Maskell, a professor of autonomous systems at the University of Liverpool, traveled to Malaysia in May, serving as a technical adviser to Ocean Infinity as it sought government approval for a renewed search.

利物浦大学（University of Liverpool）自主系统教授西蒙·马斯克尔（Simon Maskell）今年5月前往马来西亚，担任Ocean Infinity的技术顾问，当时该公司正在寻求政府批准其重启搜寻工作。

Maskell, who is not currently working for Ocean Infinity, said that as far as he was aware there was no smoking gun suggesting the new search area is where the wreckage is located. But he said it is a logical place to look, expanding beyond the area of previous searches. “Ocean Infinity is extremely well positioned to show off what they are capable of,” he said.

马斯克尔目前已不为Ocean Infinity工作。他说，据他所知，没有确凿的证据表明新的搜寻区域就是飞机残骸的所在地。但他表示，这是一个合乎逻辑的搜寻地点，扩大了之前搜寻的范围。他说：“Ocean Infinity完全有能力证明他们的实力。”

表示“确凿的罪证；确凿的证据；确证证据”，英文解释为“information that proves who committed a crime”举个🌰：The tape recordings provided prosecutors with the smoking gun they needed to prove he'd been involved in the conspiracy. 录音带为检察官们提供了他们所需要的确凿证据，证明他参与了这一阴谋。

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