抖音副总裁回应用户将钱读成米

短视频平台上“钱”读成“米”，“万”读成“W”……今天，抖音副总裁对此作出回应。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What can be inferred about the relationship between income and happiness?

A. Happiness increases indefinitely as income rises.

B. People earning below $75,000 are generally unhappy.

C. There is a threshold beyond which more income doesn’t significantly boost happiness.

D. People in expensive areas have lower happiness levels than those in cheaper areas.

无注释原文：

How to Make Your Financial Life Happier

From: The Wall Street Journal

Instead of setting an ambitious money goal in the new year, consider some smaller and more cerebral ways to make your financial life happier.

According to an online survey that the personal-finance site NextAdvisor LLC conducted of nearly 3,000 adults in June, over half said they felt very or somewhat anxious about their finances.

“People spend a lot of time talking about how to manage their money but rarely think about how to improve their relationship with their finances,” said Dan Egan, vice president of behavioral finance and investing at Betterment.

There are many ways individuals can improve their thinking about and reduce stress from money. They include cultivating a healthier mind-set about money, enhancing self-knowledge to better define your goals and livening up tedious financial tasks and routines. These types of tasks also benefit from being more attainable and perhaps more enjoyable, according to behavioral scientists, psychologists and financial advisers.

“Try to make it fun, or at least fun-ish,” said Brittany Wolff, an adviser in Greenville, S.C.

Focus on yourself

Studies show that as income rises, so does happiness.

But once earnings reach about $75,000, more money brings no significant improvements to happiness, according to a 2010 study. (The $75,000 in 2010 would be about $96,000 in today's dollars. The income threshold is likely to be higher in expensive locations.)

Part of the problem is that when income rises, we start to compare ourselves with new peers, said Sonja Lyubomirsky, a psychology professor who studies happiness at the University of California, Riverside.

“We might delight in a new hatchback just a tiny bit less every time our neighbor drives by in his convertible,” she added.

One way to boost happiness is to analyze what really matters to us—rather than to others. 

To prompt clients to clarify their goals and make sure their goals are really theirs, George Kinder, founder of the Kinder Institute of Life Planning, asks three questions: What would you do if you had all the time and money in the world? How would you live if you knew you had only five to 10 years left? And what would you most regret if you die tomorrow?

“The third question is key,” says Mr. Kinder, 73 years old, whose answers have led him to spend more time in nature, with family and writing books. “It is fundamentally important not to compromise on something that, if unfulfilled, would leave you with a deep regret.”

Get to a good place

Sarah Newcomb, a behavioral economist at Morningstar Inc., recommends giving yourself a score on a scale of one to 10 on “whether you feel you can handle whatever comes your way financially.” (One reflects pessimism, and 10 indicates optimism.) 

Regardless of income, Ms. Newcomb has found that people who assign themselves scores of five or more express greater satisfaction with their finances than those with lower scores.

Ms. Newcomb said resilient people generally focus on things they can control, such as their savings rate, rather than what is beyond their control, such as stock returns.

“By focusing on things that are out of your control, you are only going to increase your anxiety,” she added. 

Others advise practicing gratitude for what you have and forgiving yourself for mistakes.

“You don't have to have it all figured out,” said Kelly Berenbaum, an adviser in Winter Park, Fla. “Take small steps and start heading in the right direction.”

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

How to Make Your Financial Life Happier 如何理财更幸福？

From: The Wall Street Journal

Instead of setting an ambitious money goal in the new year, consider some smaller and more cerebral ways to make your financial life happier.

新的一年，与其设立一个雄心勃勃的财务目标，不如把目标定得小一些、理性一些，让你的理财体验快乐一些。

ambitious /æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ 1）表示“有抱负的；志向远大的；雄心勃勃的”，英文解释为“having a strong wish to be successful, powerful, or rich”如：an ambitious young lawyer 雄心勃勃的年轻律师。

2）表示“（计划、想法）要求过高的；需要极大努力及才干的；费劲的”，英文解释为“If a plan or idea is ambitious, it needs a great amount of skill and effort to be successful or be achieved.”

cerebral /ˈser.ə.brəl/ 1）表示“脑的，大脑的”，英文解释为“relating to the brain or the cerebrum”

2）表示“理智的；理性的”，英文解释为“demanding or involving careful thinking and mental effort rather than feelings”举个🌰：She makes cerebral films that deal with important social issues. 她拍摄的影片触动理智，讨论诸多重要的社会问题。

According to an online survey that the personal-finance site NextAdvisor LLC conducted of nearly 3,000 adults in June, over half said they felt very or somewhat anxious about their finances.

去年6月，个人理财网站NextAdvisor在网上对近3,000名成年人进行了一项调查，超过一半的受访者表示，他们对自身财务状况有着或多或少的焦虑。

“People spend a lot of time talking about how to manage their money but rarely think about how to improve their relationship with their finances,” said Dan Egan, vice president of behavioral finance and investing at Betterment.

投资顾问公司Betterment负责行为金融和投资业务的副总裁丹·伊根（Dan Egan）说，“人们用大把时间去谈论如何打理自己的资产，却很少思考如何去改善自己同‘金钱’的关系。”

There are many ways individuals can improve their thinking about and reduce stress from money. They include cultivating a healthier mind-set about money, enhancing self-knowledge to better define your goals and livening up tedious financial tasks and routines. These types of tasks also benefit from being more attainable and perhaps more enjoyable, according to behavioral scientists, psychologists and financial advisers.

其实，人们有很多方式可以改善自己的金钱观，并缓解财务压力。比如培养更健康的看待金钱的心态，提升自我认识以便更合理地制定目标，以及把乏味的理财工作变成一桩趣事，等等。据行为科学家、心理学家和理财顾问说，如果这类事情的难度降低，其间还可以让你体会到更多乐趣的话，那么对于这些事项本身也是有好处的。

mindset /ˈmaɪnd.set/ 表示“思想倾向；思维方式；观念模式”，英文解释为“a person's way of thinking and their opinions”如：to have a different/the same mindset 有不同/相同的思维方式。

“Try to make it fun, or at least fun-ish,” said Brittany Wolff, an adviser in Greenville, S.C.

“不妨把它变成一件有趣的事，或者至少有点意思才行。”南卡罗来纳州格林维尔（Greenville）的理财顾问布兰特妮·沃尔夫（Brittany Wolff）说。

1）表示“（构成形容词）…一样的，…似的”，英文解释为“used to form adjectives that say what a person, thing, or action is like”如：foolish 傻子似的，childish 孩子气的。

2）表示“（构成形容词）大约，部分，有点儿…，相当”，英文解释为“used to form adjectives to give the meaning to some degree; fairly”举个🌰：She was oldish - about 60, I'd say. 我想，她有点儿上年纪了——大约60岁。

Focus on yourself 关注自我

Studies show that as income rises, so does happiness.

研究显示，随着收入增加，幸福感也会上升。

But once earnings reach about $75,000, more money brings no significant improvements to happiness, according to a 2010 study. (The $75,000 in 2010 would be about $96,000 in today's dollars. The income threshold is likely to be higher in expensive locations.)

但据2010年的一项研究，一旦收入达到75,000美元左右，更多的钱并不会显著提升幸福感。（2010年的75,000美元大约相当于今天的96,000美元。物价较高的地区，这个收入标准可能会更高。）

threshold /ˈθreʃ.həʊld/ 表示“界限；临界点；门槛；下限”，英文解释为“A threshold is an amount, level, or limit on a scale. When the threshold is reached, something else happens or changes.”举个🌰 He has a high threshold for pain and a history of fast healing. 他的忍痛力很强，而且有迅速愈合的经历。

Part of the problem is that when income rises, we start to compare ourselves with new peers, said Sonja Lyubomirsky, a psychology professor who studies happiness at the University of California, Riverside.

加州大学河滨分校（University of California, Riverside）研究幸福感的心理学教授索尼娅·柳博米尔斯基（Sonja Lyubomirsky）说，问题之一在于，收入增加后，我们又开始同新的群体作比较。

peer /pɪər/ 作动词，表示“仔细看，端详；费力地看”，英文解释为“to look carefully or with difficulty”举个🌰：When no one answered the door, she peered through the window to see if anyone was there. 没有人开门，她就费力地透过窗户朝里望去，看是否有人在。

作名词，表示“同龄人；同辈；同等社会地位（或能力）的人”，英文解释为“a person who is the same age or has the same social position or the same abilities as other people in a group”举个🌰：Do you think it's true that teenage girls are less self-confident than their male peers? 你是否认为十几岁的女孩子不如同年龄的男孩子自信？

“We might delight in a new hatchback just a tiny bit less every time our neighbor drives by in his convertible,” she added.

她还说，“每当邻居开着敞篷车经过时，我们对自己新买的掀背车的喜爱就会少一点。”

hatchback /ˈhætʃ.bæk/ 表示“仓门式汽车，掀背式汽车”，英文解释为“a car that has an extra door at the back that can be lifted up to allow things to be put in”

convertible /kənˈvɜː.tə.bəl/ 表示“折篷轿车”，英文解释为“a car with a soft roof that can be folded back”如：a Volkswagen convertible 大众折篷小轿车。

One way to boost happiness is to analyze what really matters to us—rather than to others. 

提升幸福感的方法之一在于，想清楚哪些事情对我们来说是真正重要的——而不是对别人。

boost /buːst/ 可以作名词也可以作动词，表示“改善；提高；增强；推动”，英文解释为“to improve or increase something”举个🌰：The theatre managed to boost its audiences by cutting ticket prices. 剧院设法通过降低票价来增加观众数量。

📍“佩洛西有病还是先治病吧”文中提到be boosted，get boosted用来指打了加强针（疫苗），也有说booster shot/booster dose.

To prompt clients to clarify their goals and make sure their goals are really theirs, George Kinder, founder of the Kinder Institute of Life Planning, asks three questions: What would you do if you had all the time and money in the world? How would you live if you knew you had only five to 10 years left? And what would you most regret if you die tomorrow?

为了让客户明确自身目标，并确保这些目标就是他们的真实目标，财务规划机构Kinder Institute of Life Planning创始人乔治·金德（George Kinder）通常会问他们三个问题：如果世界上所有的钱都是你的，而且你也有足够的时间，你会做些什么？如果你知道自己的生命只剩五到十年了，你会怎样生活？如果你明天就要离开这个世界，你最大的遗憾是什么？

prompt /prɒmpt/ 作名词，1）表示“（计算机屏幕上的）提示符（显示计算机已经准备好接受指令）”，英文解释为“a sign on a computer screen that shows that the computer is ready to receive your instructions”

📍在ChatGPT火热的今天，prompt通常指的是给模型的输入，用来激发或引导模型生成特定的输出或回答。简而言之，prompt是指用户提供给语言模型的一段文字或命令，以便模型据此理解用户的需求并给出相应的响应或信息。例如，在与像ChatGPT这样的大语言模型交互时，用户提出的问题或指令就是一个“prompt”。模型会根据这个prompt的内容分析、处理并生成回答或执行相关的任务。Prompt对于大语言模型来说是非常关键的，因为它直接决定了模型如何理解和回应用户的需求。

📍prompt中文里有译为“提示词”，prompt engineering 就是“提示工程/提示词工程”。

2）表示“（给演员的）提词，提白”，英文解释为“words that are spoken to an actor who has forgotten what he or she is going to say during the performance of a play”

3）作动词，表示“促使；导致；激起”，英文解释为“to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen”举个🌰：His speech prompted an angry outburst from a man in the crowd. 他的讲话激起了人群中一男子的愤怒。

📺美剧《斯巴达克斯：血与沙》（Spartacus: Blood and Sand）中的台词提到：One cannot but wonder what would prompt such an act 不知他们为何遭此不幸。

4）作动词，表示“（尤指）给（演员）提词”，英文解释为“to help someone, especially an actor, to remember what they were going to say or do”举个🌰：I forgot my line and had to be prompted. 我忘词了，只好让人提词。

clarify /ˈklær.ɪ.faɪ/ 表示“澄清；阐明；使更清晰易懂”，英文解释为“to make something clear or easier to understand by giving more details or a simpler explanation”举个🌰：Could you clarify the first point please? I don't understand it completely. 请你把第一点再阐释一下，好吗？我没有完全明白。

“The third question is key,” says Mr. Kinder, 73 years old, whose answers have led him to spend more time in nature, with family and writing books. “It is fundamentally important not to compromise on something that, if unfulfilled, would leave you with a deep regret.”

“第三个问题很关键。”73岁的金德说。他自己也对这些问题进行了一番思索，于是他开始花更多时间亲近大自然，陪伴家人和写作的时间也比以前更多了。“有些事情如果无法实现，你会留下很大的遗憾，所以不要在这些事情上妥协，这一点极其重要。”

compromise /ˈkɒm.prə.maɪz/ 1）表示“妥协；折中；让步；和解”，英文解释为“an agreement in an argument in which the people involved reduce their demands or change their opinion in order to agree”举个🌰：Let's compromise at/on ¥10. 我们就来个折中价10元。

2）表示“损害，伤害，危及”，英文解释为“to risk having a harmful effect on something”举个🌰：We would never compromise the safety of our passengers. 我们永远不会做有损乘客安全的事。

3）表示“放弃；背离，违背；降低”，英文解释为“to allow your principles to be less strong or your standards or morals to be lower”举个🌰：Don't compromise your beliefs/principles for the sake of being accepted. 不要为了得到别人的认同就放弃了你自己的信仰/原则。

区分：

📍comprise表示“包含；由…组成”，英文解释为“If you say that something comprises or is comprised of a number of things or people, you mean it has them as its parts or members.”举个🌰：The class is comprised mainly of Chinese and Japanese students. 这个班主要由中国和日本学生组成。

🎬电影《拉瑞·克劳》（Larry Crowne）中的台词提到：They comprise 20% of the world's fresh surface water supply. 它们提供了地球表面百分之二十的淡水。

Get to a good place 培养好心态

Sarah Newcomb, a behavioral economist at Morningstar Inc., recommends giving yourself a score on a scale of one to 10 on “whether you feel you can handle whatever comes your way financially.” (One reflects pessimism, and 10 indicates optimism.) 

市场研究机构晨星公司（Morningstar Inc.）行为经济学家萨拉·纽科姆（Sarah Newcomb）建议你先问自己一个问题：不管你在财务上遇到什么困难，你是否都觉得自己可以应付得来？然后按照1到10的等级为自己打分。（1代表很悲观，10代表很乐观。）

recommend /ˌrek.əˈmend/ 表示“推荐，介绍；建议”，英文解释为“to suggest that someone or something would be good or suitable for a particular job or purpose, or to suggest that a particular action should be done”举个🌰：I can recommend the chicken in mushroom sauce - it's delicious. 我可以向您推荐蘑菇汁鸡肉——这道菜非常可口。

📍单词“recommend”由词根“-mend”（来自拉丁语“mendare”，表示“赞扬”）和前缀“reco-”（表示强调）组成。

scale /skeɪl/ 1）表示“标度，刻度；等级”，英文解释为“a set of numbers, amounts, etc., used to measure or compare the level of something”如：the Centigrade/Fahrenheit scale 摄氏/华氏温标。

2）表示“比例；比例尺”，英文解释为“the relation between the real size of something and its size on a map, model, or diagram”如：a scale of 1:10,000 比例尺为1:10000。

3）表示“大小；规模；范围”，英文解释为“the size or level of something, especially when this is large”举个🌰：We don't yet know the scale of the problem. 我们还不知道问题有多严重。

pessimism /ˈpes.ɪ.mɪ.zəm/ 表示“悲观情绪；悲观主义”，英文解释为“emphasizing or thinking of the bad part of a situation rather than the good part, or the feeling that bad things are more likely to happen than good things”举个🌰：An underlying pessimism infuses all her novels. 她所有的小说中都暗含着一种悲观主义情绪。

optimism /ˈɒp.tɪ.mɪ.zəm/ 表示“乐观；乐观主义”，英文解释为“the quality of being full of hope and emphasizing the good parts of a situation, or a belief that something good will happen”举个🌰：There was a note of optimism in his voice as he spoke about the company's future. 谈到公司的未来，他语气里带着乐观情绪。

Regardless of income, Ms. Newcomb has found that people who assign themselves scores of five or more express greater satisfaction with their finances than those with lower scores.

纽科姆发现，自我评分在5分及以上的人要比那些评分较低的人更满意自己的财务状况，而这一点与收入高低无关。

Ms. Newcomb said resilient people generally focus on things they can control, such as their savings rate, rather than what is beyond their control, such as stock returns.

纽科姆说，承受力较高的人通常会关注他们能够掌控的事，比如他们的储蓄率，而不是他们掌控范围之外的事，比如股票回报率。

resilient /rɪˈzɪl.jənt/ 表示“有弹性的；能复原的；有复原力的；适应性强的”，英文解释为“able to quickly return to a previous good condition”举个🌰：She's a resilient girl - she won't be unhappy for long. 她是个适应力很强的女孩儿——她不会长时间沉浸于悲伤之中的。

“By focusing on things that are out of your control, you are only going to increase your anxiety,” she added. 

“如果一味去想那些你无法掌控的事，只会让你徒增烦恼。”她说。

Others advise practicing gratitude for what you have and forgiving yourself for mistakes.

还有的人建议，对如今拥有的一切心怀感恩，并原谅自己犯下的过错。

gratitude /ˈɡræt.ɪ.tʃuːd/ 表示“感激之情，感谢”，英文解释为“the feeling or quality of being grateful”如：deep/eternal gratitude 深深的感谢/感激不尽。

“You don't have to have it all figured out,” said Kelly Berenbaum, an adviser in Winter Park, Fla. “Take small steps and start heading in the right direction.”

“你不用把所有问题都一次搞定。”佛罗里达州温特帕克（Winter Park）的理财顾问凯利· 贝伦鲍姆（Kelly Berenbaum）说，“一步一步来，开始朝着正确的方向前行就够了。”

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