2024年成为史上最热一年

近日，世界气象组织确认，2024年是有记录以来最热的一年。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. According to the article, why is the 1.5℃ marker significant?

A. It represents the average global temperature rise over the past decade.

B. It was set as a critical goal in the Paris Agreement to limit warming.

C. It indicates the highest temperature ever recorded in human history.

D. It is the threshold for the most vulnerable regions to survive climate impacts.

无注释原文：

Confirmed: 2024 was the hottest year on record, says UN weather agency

From: UN NEWS

UN weather experts from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) confirmed on Friday that 2024 was the hottest year on record, at 1.55 degrees Celsius (C) above pre-industrial temperatures.

“We saw extraordinary land, sea surface temperatures, extraordinary ocean heat accompanied by very extreme weather affecting many countries around the world, destroying lives, livelihoods, hopes and dreams,” WMO spokesperson Clare Nullis said. “We saw many climate change impacts retreating sea ice glaciers. It was an extraordinary year.”

Four of the six international datasets crunched by WMO indicated a higher than 1.5℃ global average increase for the whole of last year but two did not.

The 1.5℃ marker is significant because it was a key goal of the 2015 Paris Agreement to try to ensure that global temperature change does not rise more than this above pre-industrial levels, while striving to hold the overall increase to well below 2℃.

Climate deal under pressure

The Paris Agreement is “not yet dead but in grave danger”, the WMO maintained, explaining that the accord's long-term temperature goals are measured over decades, rather than individual years.

However, WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo insisted that “climate history is playing out before our eyes. We've had not just one or two record-breaking years, but a full ten-year series. “It is essential to recognize that every fraction of a degree of warming matters. Whether it is at a level below or above 1.5C of warming, every additional increment of global warming increases the impacts on our lives, economies and our planet.”

UN Secretary-General António Guterres described the WMO's findings as further proof of global warming and urged all governments to deliver new national climate action plans this year to limit long-term global temperature rise to 1.5C – and support the most vulnerable deal with devastating climate impacts.

“Individual years pushing past the 1.5℃ limit do not mean the long-term goal is shot,” Mr. Guterres said. “It means we need to fight even harder to get on track. Blazing temperatures in 2024 require trail-blazing climate action in 2025,” he said. “There's still time to avoid the worst of climate catastrophe. But we must act – now.”

Ocean warming

Highlighting a separate scientific study on ocean warming, WMO said that it had played a key role in last year's record high temperatures.

“The ocean is the warmest it has ever been as recorded by humans, not only at the surface but also for the upper 2,000 metres,” the UN agency said, citing the findings of the international study spanning seven countries and published in the journal Advances in Atmospheric Sciences.

WMO noted that about 90 per cent of the excess heat from global warming is stored in the ocean, “making ocean heat content a critical indicator of climate change”.

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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为联合国官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Confirmed: 2024 was the hottest year on record, says UN weather agency

From: UN NEWS

UN weather experts from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) confirmed on Friday that 2024 was the hottest year on record, at 1.55 degrees Celsius (C) above pre-industrial temperatures.

世界气象组织周五证实，2024年是有记录以来最热的一年，全球气温比工业化前水平高出1.55℃。

meteorological /ˌmiː.ti.ə.rəˈlɒdʒ.ɪ.kəl/ 表示“气象的”，英文解释为“relating to weather conditions”举个🌰：Accurate meteorological records began 100 years ago. 准确的气象记录始于100年前。

“We saw extraordinary land, sea surface temperatures, extraordinary ocean heat accompanied by very extreme weather affecting many countries around the world, destroying lives, livelihoods, hopes and dreams,” WMO spokesperson Clare Nullis said. “We saw many climate change impacts retreating sea ice glaciers. It was an extraordinary year.”

世界气象组织发言人纳利斯表示：“我们见证了异常的陆地和海洋表面温度，以及异常的海洋热量和极端天气，这些现象影响了全球多个国家，摧毁了生命、生计、希望和梦想。我们还看到气候变化带来的诸多影响，包括消融的冰川。这是一个非凡的年份。”

glacier /ˈɡlæs.i.ər/ 表示“冰川，冰河”，英文解释为“a large mass of ice that moves slowly”

Four of the six international datasets crunched by WMO indicated a higher than 1.5℃ global average increase for the whole of last year but two did not.

世界气象组织分析的六个国际数据集显示，其中四个数据集表明2024年全球平均气温上升超过1.5℃。

dataset /ˈdeɪ.tə.set/ 表示“数据集”，英文解释为“a collection of separate sets of information that is treated as a single unit by a computer”举个🌰：Our dataset is 100 times more extensive than any other published for an extinct species. 我们有关已灭绝物种的数据集比其他任何此类数据集都要广泛100倍。

crunch /krʌntʃ/ 作名词，表示“（突发的）不足，短缺；（尤指）缺钱”，英文解释为“a situation in which there is suddenly not enough of sth, especially money”如：a budget/energy/housing crunch 预算金额/能源/住房短缺。

📍the crunch 表示“严峻的形势；紧要关头；需要作出艰难抉择的时刻”，英文解释为“a difficult situation that forces you to make a decision or do something”举个🌰：The crunch came when I was forced to choose between my marriage and my career. 关键时刻到了，我不得不在婚姻和事业之间作出选择。

作动词，1）表示“嘎吱地咬嚼；嘎吱作响”，英文解释为“to crush hard food loudly between the teeth, or to make a sound as if something is being crushed or broken”举个🌰：She was crunching noisily on an apple. 她嘎吱嘎吱地嚼着苹果。

2）表示“（快速大量地）处理信息”，英文解释为“to deal with large amounts of data very quickly”

The 1.5℃ marker is significant because it was a key goal of the 2015 Paris Agreement to try to ensure that global temperature change does not rise more than this above pre-industrial levels, while striving to hold the overall increase to well below 2℃.

1.5℃这一标志性温度具有重要意义，因为它是2015年巴黎协定的关键目标之一，旨在确保全球气温变化不超过工业化前水平的1.5℃，同时努力将总体升温幅度控制在2℃以下。

Climate deal under pressure 气候协议面临压力

The Paris Agreement is “not yet dead but in grave danger”, the WMO maintained, explaining that the accord's long-term temperature goals are measured over decades, rather than individual years.

世界气象组织表示，巴黎协定“尚未失效，但正面临重大威胁”，该协议的长期温控目标是基于几十年的数据，而非单一年份的变化。

grave /ɡreɪv/ 表示“严重的，重大的，严峻的”，英文解释为“seriously bad”，如：a grave situation 严峻的形势。

📍2017年政府工作报告「Part1」中就有这么一句：过去一年，我国发展面临国内外诸多矛盾叠加、风险隐患交汇的严峻挑战。In the past year, China's development has faced grave challenges posed by a great many problems and interwoven risks and dangers both at home and abroad.

However, WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo insisted that “climate history is playing out before our eyes. We've had not just one or two record-breaking years, but a full ten-year series. “It is essential to recognize that every fraction of a degree of warming matters. Whether it is at a level below or above 1.5C of warming, every additional increment of global warming increases the impacts on our lives, economies and our planet.”

然而，世界气象组织秘书长绍罗指出：“气候历史正展现在我们眼前。我们经历的已不仅仅是一个或两个创纪录的年份，而是整整十年的记录。我们必须认识到，每一分一毫的变暖都是至关重要的。无论气温升高幅度是否低于或超过1.5摄氏度，全球气温的每一次上升都会加剧对我们的生活、经济和地球的影响。”

secretary general /ˌsek.rə.tər.i ˈdʒen.ər.əl/ 表示“秘书长”，英文解释为“The secretary general of an organization is its most important official.”举个🌰：The moral duty as Secretary General of the United Nations is to do everything possible to avoid war. 作为联合国秘书长在道义上的职责是尽一切可能制止战争。

fraction /ˈfræk.ʃən/ 表示“少量”，英文解释为“A fraction of something is a tiny amount or proportion of it.”举个🌰：She hesitated for a fraction of a second before responding. 她犹豫了一下才回应。

increment /ˈɪŋ.krə.mənt/ 表示“增加，增长”，英文解释为“one of a series of increases”举个🌰：You will receive annual salary/pay increments every September. 每年9月你会得到加薪。

UN Secretary-General António Guterres described the WMO's findings as further proof of global warming and urged all governments to deliver new national climate action plans this year to limit long-term global temperature rise to 1.5C – and support the most vulnerable deal with devastating climate impacts.

联合国秘书长古特雷斯将世界气象组织的研究结果描述为全球变暖的进一步证明，并敦促各国政府在今年提交新的国家气候行动计划，旨在将长期全球气温升高限制在1.5°C以内，并支持最脆弱群体应对气候变化的破坏性影响。

devastating /ˈdev.ə.steɪ.tɪŋ/ 1）表示“破坏性极强的”，英文解释为“If you describe something as devastating, you are emphasizing that it is very harmful or damaging.”

2）表示“令人震惊的”，英文解释为“You can use devastating to emphasize that something is very shocking, upsetting, or terrible.”举个🌰：The diagnosis was devastating. She had cancer. 诊断结果令人震惊。她得了癌症。

“Individual years pushing past the 1.5℃ limit do not mean the long-term goal is shot,” Mr. Guterres said. “It means we need to fight even harder to get on track. Blazing temperatures in 2024 require trail-blazing climate action in 2025,” he said. “There's still time to avoid the worst of climate catastrophe. But we must act – now.”

古特雷斯表示：“单一年份超过1.5°C的限值并不意味着长期目标已无法实现，这意味着我们需要更加努力才能回到正轨。”他说：“2024年的极端高温要求我们在2025年采取开创性的气候行动。现在仍有时间避免最严重的气候灾难，但我们必须立即采取行动。”

blazing /ˈbleɪ.zɪŋ/ 表示“耀眼的；炙热的；强烈的”，英文解释为“very bright and hot；powerful and impressive”举个🌰：We quickly grew tired in the blazing sunshine. 在阳光的炙烤下，我们很快就变得疲惫不堪。

trailblazing /ˈtreɪlˌbleɪ.zɪŋ/ 表示“开创性的，开拓性的”，英文解释为“being the first to do or use something, in a way that is an example for other people”

catastrophe /kəˈtæstrəfɪ/ 表示“灾难；灾祸；横祸”，英文解释为“a sudden event that causes many people to suffer”举个🌰：From all points of view, war would be a catastrophe. 从各个方面来看，战争都会是一场灾难。

Ocean warming 海洋变暖

Highlighting a separate scientific study on ocean warming, WMO said that it had played a key role in last year's record high temperatures.

世界气象组织在强调一项关于海洋变暖的独立科学研究时表示，海洋变暖在去年创纪录的高温中发挥了关键作用。

“The ocean is the warmest it has ever been as recorded by humans, not only at the surface but also for the upper 2,000 metres,” the UN agency said, citing the findings of the international study spanning seven countries and published in the journal Advances in Atmospheric Sciences.

该机构引用了一项涵盖七个国家并发表在《大气科学进展》期刊上的国际研究结果，指出2024年全球海表平均温度以及海洋上层2000米的热含量，再次达到了人类有记录以来的最高值。

WMO noted that about 90 per cent of the excess heat from global warming is stored in the ocean, “making ocean heat content a critical indicator of climate change”.

世界气象组织还指出，约90%的全球变暖多余热量储存在海洋中，“使海洋热含量成为气候变化的一个重要指标”。

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