2025考研英语一阅读2

今天来看看2025考研英语一真题阅读Text 2。感兴趣的可以做一做题。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

26. The author expressed great surprise at some scientists' ___.

[A] unwillingness to cut carbon emissions

[B] intention to reduce their research

[C] suspicions about sustainable energy

[D] waste of electricity in their projects

27. The author believes that carbon emissions from research ___.

[A] have caused Scare consequences

[B] have aroused groundless worries

[C] are hard to handle at present

[D] are justifiable in the long run

28. The example of green in paragraph 5 is used to illustrate ___.

[A] the achievements of great scientists

[B] the urgency of addressing climate change

[C] the reverse of scientific endeavors

[D] the value of fostering human ingenuity

29. It can be learned from the last two paragraphs that LUMI ___.

[A] is a model of sustainable efforts

[B] is a triumph against energy shortage

[C] owes much to global net zero initiatives

[D] aims to explore the power of intelligence

30. Which of the following statements would they also agree with?

[A] emission free modeling demands extra funding.

[B] the need for super computers is difficult to meet.

[C] energy intensive research work is inevitable

[D] the goals of researchers out to be realistic

无注释原文：

Carbon emissions from research are the price we must pay to understand the world

From: Financial Times

I was shocked to learn recently that some scientists want to scale back their research in an effort to decrease carbon emissions. I discovered this when I was sitting on a panel discussing sustainable space activities and my colleagues' concerns about their contribution to global warming was palpable. The crisis is here, they said, and we need to cut back on our energy intensive modelling. At the very least, we need to make our energy use far more sustainable.

It is unarguable that our laboratories, scientific instruments, rockets and satellites — the tools we scientists need to measure the planet's pulse — demand significant amounts of energy both in their construction and operation. And it is equally true that science's unrelenting appetite for information has caused a mushrooming of energy-intensive data centres around the world. According to the International Energy Agency, these buildings now consume about 1 per cent of the world's electricity.

However, this is a price we must pay for understanding the world. How can we inform decision makers about the best ways to bring down carbon emissions if we can't track the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, where it's coming from and who's producing it? The carbon emissions from technological research are well spent: ultimately this research will safeguard the future of our planet.

It can be hard for scientists to make the case because our work is complex, often takes place behind closed doors and does not always lend itself to easy interpretation or explanation. But demonstrating the efficacy of science will be crucial if we are to solve humanity's greatest challenges. It is all too easy to feel paralysed in the face of daunting problems such as climate change and to do nothing. But then I think of a friend's daughter who turned her fears into action: she became a wind energy engineer and now thrives on delivering renewable energy, limiting emissions.

Recognising the hope that science and engineering can bring was the impetus behind the creation of the Millennium Technology Prize, which is now entering its 20th year as a celebration of human ingenuity. One of the past winners, Professor Martin Green from the University of New South Wales, Australia, is the inventor of the Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell technology which is now found in most of the world's solar panels. Thanks to his invention, we have a real chance to decrease the world's carbon emissions.

Every day, scientists, technologists and engineers are discovering new ways to exploit renewable energy sources and develop techniques not just to use power more intelligently but to power our intelligence. A great example of this is Europe's largest supercomputer, LUMI in Finland, which is astonishingly carbon-negative. Established in an old paper mill, it is powered by a nearby river and its remote heat warms the people who live in the surrounding town of Kajaani.

If the world is to meet its net-zero ambitions, we must think hard about how we can deliver sustainable computing and deliver more LUMIs.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

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含注释全文：

Carbon emissions from research are the price we must pay to understand the world

From: Financial Times

I was shocked to learn recently that some scientists want to scale back their research in an effort to decrease carbon emissions. I discovered this when I was sitting on a panel discussing sustainable space activities and my colleagues' concerns about their contribution to global warming was palpable. The crisis is here, they said, and we need to cut back on our energy intensive modelling. At the very least, we need to make our energy use far more sustainable.

我最近惊讶地得知，有些科学家为了减少碳排放，正考虑缩减研究工作。我是在一次关于可持续太空活动的小组讨论中得知这一点的，我的同行们对自身在全球变暖中的影响表现出深深的忧虑。他们表示，危机已经来临，我们需要减少高能耗的建模工作，或者至少让我们的能源使用更加可持续。

表示“缩减，缩小”，英文解释为“to make something smaller than it was or smaller than it was planned to be”举个🌰：A shortage of money has forced them to scale down the project. 由于缺乏资金，他们被迫缩减项目的规模。

panel /ˈpæn.əl/ 1）表示“嵌板，镶板”，英文解释为“a flat, usually rectangular part, or piece of wood, metal, cloth, etc., that fits into or onto something larger”如：a beautiful old door with oak panels 一扇嵌有橡木板的漂亮的老式门；

2）表示“（选定的）专家小组；讨论小组”，英文解释为“a small group of people chosen to give advice, make a decision, or publicly discuss their opinions as entertainment”

sustainable /səˈsteɪ.nə.bəl/ 1）表示“（对环境没有损害或损害很小因而）可持续的，能长期维持的”，英文解释为“causing little or no damage to the environment and therefore able to continue for a long time”举个🌰：A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting sustainable development in all countries. 召开了一个旨在推进所有国家可持续发展的大型国际会议。

2）表示“可持续的，能长期保持的”，英文解释为“able to continue over a period of time”举个🌰：That sort of extreme diet is not sustainable over a long period. 那种极端的饮食方式无法长期坚持。

palpable /ˈpælpəbəl/ 表示“可感知的，易察觉的；触摸得到的”，英文解释为“so obvious that it can easily be seen or known, or (of a feeling) so strong that it seems as if it can be touched or physically felt”如：a palpable effect 明显的效果。

It is unarguable that our laboratories, scientific instruments, rockets and satellites — the tools we scientists need to measure the planet's pulse — demand significant amounts of energy both in their construction and operation. And it is equally true that science's unrelenting appetite for information has caused a mushrooming of energy-intensive data centres around the world. According to the International Energy Agency, these buildings now consume about 1 per cent of the world's electricity.

毫无疑问，我们的实验室、科学仪器、火箭和卫星——这些科学家用以监测地球的工具在生产和运行中都消耗了大量能源。同样不容否认的是，科学对信息的无止境需求导致世界各地高能耗数据中心如雨后春笋般涌现。据国际能源机构（International Energy Agency）统计，这些设施目前消耗了全球约1%的电力。

pulse /pʌls/ 作名词，1）表示“脉搏”，英文解释为“the regular beating of the heart, especially when it is felt at the wrist or side of the neck”举个🌰：The child's pulse was strong/weak. 那个孩子的脉搏很有力/虚弱。

2）表示“（声波或光波的）脉冲”，英文解释为“a short period of energy that is repeated regularly, such as a short, loud sound or a short flash of light”举个🌰：The data, normally transmitted electronically, can be changed into pulses of light. 这一数据通常是电子传送的，现在可被改为光波脉冲。

作动词，表示“（以规律且强有力的节拍）跳动，搏动，振动”，英文解释为“to move or beat with a strong, regular rhythm”举个🌰：I could feel the blood pulsing through my veins. 我能感觉到血液在我的血管里翻腾。

📍研究表明人们感到越来越无聊文中，pulse指的是手机发出提示信息的短暂振动或闪烁。可以理解为“手机震动”或“手机闪烁提示”，通常表示设备在收到消息或通知时的轻微震动或视觉提示，这种提示会打断用户的注意力。

unrelenting /ˌʌn.rɪˈlen.tɪŋ/ 表示“坚定不移的；不松懈的；不屈不挠的”，英文解释为“extremely determined; never becoming weaker or admitting defeat”举个🌰：She will be remembered as an unrelenting opponent of racial discrimination. 她不屈不挠地反对种族歧视，将会为人所铭记。

也可以指“无休止的（不愉快的事情）；持续的；不缓和的；势头不减的”，英文解释为“If you describe something unpleasant as unrelenting, you mean that it continues without stopping.”

appetite /ˈæpɪtaɪt/ 1）表示“食欲；胃口”，英文解释为“physical desire for food”举个🌰：He suffered from headaches and loss of appetite. 他头痛且食欲不振。

2）表示“强烈欲望”，英文解释为“a strong desire for sth”举个🌰：The public have an insatiable appetite for scandal. 公众对丑事总是喜闻乐道。

mushroom /ˈmʌʃ.ruːm/ 作动词，表示“迅速增长；迅速发展”，英文解释为“to increase very quickly”举个🌰：The number of computers in schools has mushroomed in recent years. 近年来，学校里计算机的数量迅速增长。

mushrooming表示“快速增长的或扩展，就像雨后蘑菇迅速生长一样”。

However, this is a price we must pay for understanding the world. How can we inform decision makers about the best ways to bring down carbon emissions if we can't track the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, where it's coming from and who's producing it? The carbon emissions from technological research are well spent: ultimately this research will safeguard the future of our planet.

然而，这是我们了解世界所必须付出的代价。如果我们无法追踪大气中的二氧化碳含量、来源以及排放者，我们又如何为决策者提供有效减少碳排放的方案？技术研究产生的碳排放是值得的：这项研究最终将保护我们地球的未来。

carbon dioxide /ˌkɑː.bən daɪˈɒk.saɪd/ 表示“二氧化碳”，英文解释为“the gas formed when carbon is burned, or when people or animals breathe out”如：carbon dioxide emissions 二氧化碳排放。

It can be hard for scientists to make the case because our work is complex, often takes place behind closed doors and does not always lend itself to easy interpretation or explanation. But demonstrating the efficacy of science will be crucial if we are to solve humanity's greatest challenges. It is all too easy to feel paralysed in the face of daunting problems such as climate change and to do nothing. But then I think of a friend's daughter who turned her fears into action: she became a wind energy engineer and now thrives on delivering renewable energy, limiting emissions.

科学家往往难以阐明这点，因为他们的研究工作复杂、常常隐藏在公众视野之外，不易被直观呈现。然而，如果我们要解决人类面临的最大挑战，证明科学的价值将是至关重要的。面对气候变化等严峻问题，我们很容易感到束手无策，无所作为。但是，我想到了一位朋友的女儿，她将恐惧转化为行动：她成为了一名风能工程师，现在正致力于提供可再生能源，减少碳排放。

demonstrate /ˈdem.ən.streɪt/ 表示“显示；表明”，英文解释为“to show or make something clear”举个🌰：Research has demonstrated that babies can recognize their mother's voice very soon after birth. 研究表明，婴儿出生后很快就能辨识母亲的声音。

efficacy /ˈefɪkəsi/ 表示“效力，效验；有效性；功效”，英文解释为“the ability of something to produce the right result. If you talk about the efficacy of something, you are talking about its effectiveness and its ability to do what it is supposed to”，举个🌰：Recent medical studies confirm the efficacy of a healthier lifestyle. 近来的医学研究证实了更健康的生活方式的功效。

区分：

📍efficiency /ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/ 表示“效率；效能；功效”，英文解释为“the quality of working well in an organized way, without wasting time or energy”

Efficacy 和 Efficiency 都与效果和表现相关，但它们的侧重点不同：Efficacy（效能）：指的是某种方法、药物或手段在理想条件下达到预期效果的能力。它更侧重于“能否有效地完成目标”。

Efficiency（效率）：指的是以最小的资源、时间或努力达到目标的能力。它侧重于“在实现目标时的资源利用程度”。

效能侧重结果是否能达成，效率侧重达到目标的过程是否省力、省时。

paralysed /ˈpær.əl.aɪzd/ 表示“麻痹的，瘫痪的”，英文解释为“unable to move or act”举个🌰：The accident left her paralysed from the waist down. 这起事故导致她腰部以下瘫痪。

daunting /ˈdɔːntɪŋ/ 表示“使人气馁的，吓人的；使人畏缩的；令人发怵的”，英文解释为“Something that is daunting makes you feel slightly afraid or worried about dealing with it.”举个🌰：He and his wife Jane were faced with the daunting task of restoring the gardens to their former splendour. 他和他的妻子简当时面临着恢复花园昔日风采的艰巨任务。

📺英剧《唐顿庄园》（Downton Abbey）中的台词提到：and those standards can at first seem daunting. 这些规矩起初令人望而生畏。

📺美剧《绝命毒师》（Breaking Bad）中的台词提到：Just the idea of owning a car wash seems daunting, 收购洗车房的主意听起来不切实际。

Recognising the hope that science and engineering can bring was the impetus behind the creation of the Millennium Technology Prize, which is now entering its 20th year as a celebration of human ingenuity. One of the past winners, Professor Martin Green from the University of New South Wales, Australia, is the inventor of the Passivated Emitter and Rear Cell technology which is now found in most of the world's solar panels. Thanks to his invention, we have a real chance to decrease the world's carbon emissions.

正是因为科学和工程能带来希望，千禧年科技奖（Millennium Technology Prize）才应运而生。如今该奖项已进入第 20 个年头，旨在表彰人类的创造力。其中一位获奖者是来自澳大利亚新南威尔士大学的马丁·格林教授（Professor Martin Green），他发明了PERC技术，该技术现已被应用于全球大多数太阳能电池板中。得益于其发明，我们有了真正减少全球碳排放的机会。

impetus /ˈɪmpɪtəs/ 表示“推动，促进，刺激”，英文解释为“something that encourages a particular activity or makes that activity more energetic or effective”举个🌰：The recent publicity surrounding homelessness has given (a) fresh impetus to the cause. 最近围绕无家可归者的宣传对这一事业是个新的推动。

ingenuity /ˌɪn.dʒəˈnjuː.ə.ti/ 表示“心灵手巧；足智多谋；独创力”，英文解释为“someone's ability to think of clever new ways of doing something”举个🌰：I was impressed by the ingenuity and energy of the contestants. 参赛者的聪明才智和活力给我留下了深刻的印象。

solar panel /ˌsəʊ.lə ˈpæn.əl/ 表示“太阳能电池板”，英文解释为“a device that changes energy from the sun into electricity”举个🌰：Solar panels are used to power satellites. 太阳能电池板用来给卫星供电。

Every day, scientists, technologists and engineers are discovering new ways to exploit renewable energy sources and develop techniques not just to use power more intelligently but to power our intelligence. A great example of this is Europe's largest supercomputer, LUMI in Finland, which is astonishingly carbon-negative. Established in an old paper mill, it is powered by a nearby river and its remote heat warms the people who live in the surrounding town of Kajaani.

如今，科学家、技术人员和工程师都在探索开发可再生能源的新方法和技术创新，不仅提升能源利用效率，还推动了智能科技的发展。例如，芬兰的LUMI超级计算机作为欧洲最大的超级计算设备，运行过程不仅实现了碳负排放，还利用附近河流供电，将设备余热提供给周边城市居民供暖。

carbon negative /ˌkɑː.bən ˈneɡ.ə.tɪv/ 表示“（减少二氧化碳排放）负碳的”，英文解释为“If an organization, activity, etc. is carbon negative, it reduces the total amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, for example by doing things such as planting trees in order to remove more carbon dioxide than it creates.”举个🌰：The UK's first carbon-negative homes have gone on sale. 英国第一批负碳住宅已经开始销售。

If the world is to meet its net-zero ambitions, we must think hard about how we can deliver sustainable computing and deliver more LUMIs.

要实现全球净零排放的目标，我们必须认真思考如何提供可持续的计算，推动更多像LUMI这样的创新项目。

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