时隔13年普利兹克奖再次颁给中国建筑师

近日，建筑界最高荣誉普利兹克建筑奖揭晓。时隔13年，再次颁发给中国建筑师——刘家琨。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. According to the Pritzker jury's citation, how does Liu Jiakun approach each project?

A. He applies a fixed, recurring design method across projects.

B. He relies heavily on technological innovations to differentiate his designs.

C. He focuses primarily on creating visually striking landmarks.

D. He tailors his design strategy based on the unique characteristics and requirements of each project.

无注释原文：

Chinese Architect Liu Jiakun Wins Pritzker Prize

From: The New York Times

Liu, now 68, found meaning in architecture, a pursuit that has earned him the profession's highest honor: the Pritzker Prize.

Having founded his own practice, Jiakun Architects, in his native Chengdu in 1999, Liu has built more than 30 projects in China — including academic buildings, cultural institutions and civic spaces. He also designed the inaugural Serpentine Pavilion Beijing in 2018 and has been featured in Venice Biennales.

His work is not flashy or full of flourishes. Instead, the architect said, he aims to honor existing conditions, to use local materials that are “regular, contemporary, cheap and local” and to elevate the human spirit.

“Through an outstanding body of work of deep coherence and constant quality, Liu Jiakun imagines and constructs new worlds, free from any aesthetic or stylistic constraint,” the jury said in its citation announcing the award on Tuesday. “Instead of a style, he has developed a strategy that never relies on a recurring method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently. That is to say, Liu Jiakun takes present realities and handles them to the point of offering a whole new scenario of daily life.”

Even Liu's largest public projects are similarly modest. His 2015 “West Village” in Chengdu, a courtyard complex of cultural, athletic, recreational, office and business activities rises five stories and wraps around an entire block, though it is visually understated and low-tech in contrast to the neighborhood's higher buildings. The perimeter is open yet enclosed, with pathways for cyclists and pedestrians, enveloping a mini village and providing views of the surrounding environment.

“In a world that tends to create endless dull peripheries, he has found a way to build places that are a building, infrastructure, landscape and public space at the same time,” Alejandro Aravena, chairman of the Pritzker jury, said in a statement. “His work may offer impactful clues on how to confront the challenges of urbanization.”

Born in Chengdu in 1956, Liu said he was drawn to architecture because he liked “drawing pictures.” He graduated from what was then the Chongqing Institute of Architecture and Engineering in 1982 and began working for the state-owned Chengdu Architectural Design and Research Institute.

“I wanted my architecture to coexist with nature and also able to express the characteristics of the local environment,” he said in the interview. “I want my architecture to be public and also to better people's lives.”

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Chinese Architect Liu Jiakun Wins Pritzker Prize

From: The New York Times

Liu, now 68, found meaning in architecture, a pursuit that has earned him the profession's highest honor: the Pritzker Prize.

刘家琨在建筑中找到了人生的意义，在他68岁的时候，这一追求为他赢得了建筑界的最高荣誉：普利兹克奖。

Having founded his own practice, Jiakun Architects, in his native Chengdu in 1999, Liu has built more than 30 projects in China — including academic buildings, cultural institutions and civic spaces. He also designed the inaugural Serpentine Pavilion Beijing in 2018 and has been featured in Venice Biennales.

1999年，刘家琨在家乡成都创办了自己的事务所——嘉坤建筑设计事务所，他已在中国完成了30多个项目，包括学术建筑、文化机构和公共空间。2018年，蛇形画廊在北京首次亮相，就是他做的设计，这一作品曾参加威尼斯双年展。

civic /ˈsɪv.ɪk/ 表示“城镇的；城市的；市民的”，英文解释为“of a town or city or the people who live in it”举个🌰：The opera house is a great source of civic pride. 该歌剧院是市民的一大骄傲。

inaugural /ɪnˈɔːɡjʊrəl/ 表示“就职的；开幕的；成立的；创始的；首次得”，英文解释为“(of an official speech, meeting, etc.) first, and marking the beginning of sth important, for example the time when a new leader or parliament starts work, when a new organization is formed or when sth is used for the first time”如：the inaugural flight of the space shuttle 航天飞机的首次飞行。

serpentine /ˈsɜːpənˌtaɪn/ 表示“像蛇一样卷曲的；弯弯曲曲的；蜿蜒的”，英文解释为“Something that is serpentine is curving and winding in shape, like a snake when it moves.”如：serpentine woodland pathways 蜿蜒的林间小路。

pavilion /pəˈvɪl.jən/ 表示“（尤指用于公共活动或展览的）临时建筑物（如大帐篷）”，英文解释为“a temporary structure, such as a large tent, especially used at public events or for shows”

His work is not flashy or full of flourishes. Instead, the architect said, he aims to honor existing conditions, to use local materials that are “regular, contemporary, cheap and local” and to elevate the human spirit.

他的作品不以华丽见长或强调装饰。相反，这位建筑师说，他的目标是尊重现成条件，就地取材，讲究“普通、当代、廉价和本地”，并提升人文精神。

表示“（因艳丽、巨大和昂贵而）显眼的，俗艳的；华而不实的”，英文解释为“looking too bright, big, and expensive in a way that is intended to get attention and admiration”如：flashy clothes 俗艳的衣服。

flourish /ˈflʌr.ɪʃ/ 作动词，表示“茁壮成长；繁荣；蓬勃发展”，英文解释为“to grow or develop successfully”举个🌰：My tomatoes are flourishing this summer - it must be the warm weather. 今年夏天我的西红柿长势很好——这一定是天气暖和的原因。

作名词，1）表示“（为引起注意的）夸张动作”，英文解释为“an exaggerated movement that you make when you want sb to notice you”举个🌰：He opened the door for her with a flourish.他做了一个夸张动作为她开了门。

2）表示“（讲话或文章的）华丽辞藻，修饰”，英文解释为“details and decoration that are used in speech or writing”

elevate /ˈel.ɪ.veɪt/ 1）表示“抬高；提高；使上升；举起”，英文解释为“to raise something or lift something up”

2）表示“提升；提高；改进”，英文解释为“to make someone or something more important or to improve something”举个🌰：They want to elevate the status of teachers. 他们想提高教师的社会地位。

“Through an outstanding body of work of deep coherence and constant quality, Liu Jiakun imagines and constructs new worlds, free from any aesthetic or stylistic constraint,” the jury said in its citation announcing the award on Tuesday. “Instead of a style, he has developed a strategy that never relies on a recurring method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently. That is to say, Liu Jiakun takes present realities and handles them to the point of offering a whole new scenario of daily life.”

“刘家琨的作品以其深刻的连贯性和稳定的素质摆脱了各种美学或风格上的束缚，对新世界进行了想象和建构，”普利兹克奖评审团在周二揭晓获奖者的评审辞中写道。“他所首倡的是一项策略而非某种风格，从不依赖于重复的的方法，而是基于每个项目的具体特征和需求，以不同的方式进行评估。换言之，刘家琨立足当下，因地制宜地对其进行处理，甚至为我们呈现出一个全新的日常生活场景。”

coherence /kəʊˈhɪə.rəns/ 表示“连贯性，一致性”，英文解释为“the situation when the parts of something fit together in a natural or reasonable way”举个🌰：There was no coherence between the first and the second half of the movie. 该影片的前半部分和后半部分之间缺乏连贯性。

aesthetic /iːsˈθetɪk；esˈθetɪk/ 表示“审美的；有审美观点的；美学的”，英文解释为“concerned with beauty and art and the understanding of beautiful things”如：an aesthetic appreciation of the landscape 用审美的眼光欣赏风景。

stylistic /staɪˈlɪs.tɪk/ 表示“风格的；风格上的”，英文解释为“relating to a particular style of doing something”举个🌰：In their second album, the band tried to expand their stylistic range. 在他们的第二张专辑里，乐队尝试着拓展他们的风格。

constraint /kənˈstreɪnt/ 表示“限制；束缚；约束”，英文解释为“something that controls what you do by keeping you within particular limits”举个🌰：The constraints of politeness wouldn't allow her to say what she really thought about his cooking. 出于礼貌，她不会说出自己对他的厨艺的真实看法。

jury /ˈdʒʊə.ri/ 1）奥运会裁判是怎么选出来的？文中出现，表示“（竞赛的）裁判团，评判委员会”，英文解释为“a group of people chosen to decide the winner of a competition”

2）表示“陪审团”，英文解释为“a group of people who have been chosen to listen to all the facts in a trial in a law court and to decide if a person is guilty or not guilty, or if a claim has been proved”如：members of the jury 陪审团成员。

citation /saɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“引语，引文，引述”，英文解释为“a word or piece of writing taken from a written work”举个🌰： All citations are taken from the 2015 edition of the text. 全部引文均出自该文本2015年的版本。

2）还可以表示“（法院的）传唤，传票”，英文解释为“an official request for someone to appear in a law court”

3）表示“嘉奖令，嘉奖状；表彰”，英文解释为“official praise for a person in the armed forces for brave actions”举个🌰：They are to receive citations for their brave actions. 他们将因其英勇行为将受到嘉奖。

scenario /sɪˈnɑːrɪˌəʊ/表示“场景；设想；可能的情况；可能发生的事态”，英文解释为“If you talk about a likely or possible scenario, you are talking about the way in which a situation may develop.”举个🌰：There are several possible scenarios. 有几种可能出现的局面。

Even Liu's largest public projects are similarly modest. His 2015 “West Village” in Chengdu, a courtyard complex of cultural, athletic, recreational, office and business activities rises five stories and wraps around an entire block, though it is visually understated and low-tech in contrast to the neighborhood's higher buildings. The perimeter is open yet enclosed, with pathways for cyclists and pedestrians, enveloping a mini village and providing views of the surrounding environment.

即使是刘家琨最大的公共项目也同样质朴。他于2015年在成都设计的西村大院是一个集文化、体育、娱乐、办公和商业活动于一体的庭院综合体，共有五层楼，环绕着整个街区，不过与附近的高楼相比，它看起来其貌不扬，没有什么技术含量。周边既开放又有围合，骑行通道和行人通道将这个小村落环绕，同时周边的景观历历在目。

complex /ˈkɒm.pleks/ /kəmˈpleks/ 1）表示“建筑群；综合大楼”，英文解释为“A complex is a group of buildings designed for a particular purpose, or one large building divided into several smaller areas.”如：a shopping/sports and leisure complex 购物/运动休闲中心，a low-cost apartment complex 一个低价公寓楼群。

2）表示“配合物，络合物；复合体，综合体”，英文解释为“an ion or molecule in which one or more groups are linked to a metal atom by coordinate bond；any loosely bonded species formed by the association of two molecules.”

美式 story 英式 storey 表示“楼层，层”，英文解释为“a level of a building”如：a three-story house 3层高的房子。

wrap /ræp/ sth around 1）表示“（通常为了保暖）用…裹住…”，英文解释为“to put a piece of clothing or material around someone or something, usually to keep them or it warm”举个🌰：It was so cold that he wrapped a scarf tightly around his face. 天太冷了，他便用一条围巾紧紧裹住自己的脸。 

2）表示“（用身体的一部分，如手指或胳膊）环绕，抱住”，英文解释为“to put part of your body, such as your fingers or arms, tightly around something or someone”举个🌰：She wrapped her arms around her knees. 她用双臂抱住膝部。

perimeter /pəˈrɪm.ɪ.tər/ 1）表示“周边，边缘”，英文解释为“the outer edge of an area of land or the border around it”举个🌰：A river runs along one side of the field's perimeter. 一条河沿这片田地的一侧流过。

2）表示“周，周长”，英文解释为“the length of the outer edge of a shape”

pedestrian /pəˈdes.tri.ən/ 表示“行人，步行者”，英文解释为“a person who is walking, especially in an area where vehicles go”举个🌰：A few pedestrians sheltered from the rain in doorways. 几个行人站在门口躲雨。

“In a world that tends to create endless dull peripheries, he has found a way to build places that are a building, infrastructure, landscape and public space at the same time,” Alejandro Aravena, chairman of the Pritzker jury, said in a statement. “His work may offer impactful clues on how to confront the challenges of urbanization.”

“在这个容易形成无穷无尽乏味边缘的世界中，他找到了一种新的建筑方法，能够同时营造出楼宇、基础设施、景观和公共空间，”评委会主席亚历杭德罗·阿拉维纳在一份声明中说。“他的作品有可能为我们提供富有影响力的新思路，以应对城市化自身所带来的挑战。”

dull /dʌl/ 表示“枯燥的，乏味的，无趣的”，英文解释为“not interesting or exciting in any way”举个🌰：He's pleasant enough, but deadly dull. 他很和善，但太乏味。

作动词，表示“缓和，缓解；减轻”，英文解释为“to make something less severe”举个🌰：Homeless children sniff glue to dull their hunger pains. 无家可归的孩子吸胶毒来减轻饥饿带来的痛苦。

periphery /pəˈrɪfərɪ/ 表示“边缘；周围；外围”，英文解释为“If something is on the periphery of an area, place, or thing, it is on the edge of it.”举个🌰：Taste buds are concentrated at the tip and rear of the tongue and around its periphery. 味蕾集中在舌尖、舌根及舌边。

landscape /ˈlænd.skeɪp/ 表示“乡间，野外；（尤指乡村的）风景，景色”，英文解释为“a large area of countryside, especially in relation to its appearance”如：a rural/barren landscape 乡村/荒原；也可以表示“局面”，英文解释为“A landscape is all the features that are important in a particular situation.”

confront /kənˈfrʌnt/ 1）表示“面临（问题、任务、困难等）”，英文解释为“If you are confronted with a problem, task, or difficulty, you have to deal with it.”举个🌰：She was confronted with severe money problems. 她面临严重的资金问题。

2）表示“正视（困难局面或问题）”，英文解释为“If you confront a difficult situation or issue, you accept the fact that it exists and try to deal with it.”举个🌰：We are learning how to confront death. 我们在学习如何正视死亡。

Born in Chengdu in 1956, Liu said he was drawn to architecture because he liked “drawing pictures.” He graduated from what was then the Chongqing Institute of Architecture and Engineering in 1982 and began working for the state-owned Chengdu Architectural Design and Research Institute.

1956年出生于成都的刘家琨说，自己被建筑吸引是因为喜欢“画画”。1982年，他从当时的重庆建筑工程学院毕业，并开始在国有成都建筑设计研究院工作。

“I wanted my architecture to coexist with nature and also able to express the characteristics of the local environment,” he said in the interview. “I want my architecture to be public and also to better people's lives.”

“我希望我的建筑与自然共存，同时也能够表达当地环境的特点，”他在采访中说。“我希望我的建筑是公共的，并且能够改善人们的生活。”

co-exist /ˌkəʊ.ɪɡˈzɪst/ 表示“共生；共处；共存”，英文解释为“to live or exist together at the same time or in the same place”举个🌰：He does not believe that modern medicine can co-exist with faith-healing. 他不相信现代医学能与信仰疗法共存。

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