你的生日在圆周率第几位？

3月14日，圆周率日。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What can be inferred about the role of Larry Shaw in Pi Day's history?

A) He was a mathematician who discovered the value of Pi.

B) He established Pi Day as an official national holiday.

C) He initiated the first celebration of Pi Day at a science museum.

D) He was responsible for calculating Pi to one trillion decimal places.

无注释原文：

What is Pi Day? Find the best Chicago-area deals on pizza, pies and more

From: The Chicago Sun-Times

Pi Day, held on March 14 each year, is a celebration of the world's most famous irrational number — and for many, a chance to score discounts on sweet and savory pies. Whether you're a math enthusiast or just here for the deals, bakeries and restaurants across Chicago offer special promotions for the occasion.

What is Pi Day?

Pi Day was founded in 1988 by physicist Larry Shaw at the Exploratorium, a San Francisco-based science museum. The idea came during a staff retreat, where Shaw linked March 14 (3.14) with the digits of pi (3.14159…) as a way to bring the museum community together, according to the Exploratorium.

The first celebration took place at 1:59 p.m., featuring fruit pies and a tea urn set up by Shaw and his wife. Over the years, the event grew to include a “Pi Shrine,” a circular parade and a ritual of walking around the shrine 3.14 times while singing “Happy Birthday” to Albert Einstein — whose birthday also falls on March 14.

It wasn't until 2009 that the U.S. House of Representatives formally recognized Pi Day.

But what exactly is pi, whose symbol is "π"? For starters, this never-ending, non-repeating number is fundamental to the world around us. Pi is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, a constant that appears everywhere — from designing bridges to calculating planetary orbits.

The ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes was one of the first to attempt an accurate estimation of pi, but mathematicians today have calculated it to more than 1 trillion decimal places, according to History.com. The word “pi” comes from “perimetros” — a Greek word meaning “circumference.”

And let's not forget that March 14 is also Albert Einstein's birthday. Coincidence? Probably. But it certainly adds to the nerdy charm of the holiday.

Whether you're in it for the math or just the munchies, some of Chicago's restaurants and bakeries will serve up π-inspired deals on Friday, March 14. But since Pi Day is essentially the Super Bowl for pie businesses, some skip the discounts and instead roll out more flavors, knowing demand will be high.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

What is Pi Day? Find the best Chicago-area deals on pizza, pies and more

From: The Chicago Sun-Times

Pi Day, held on March 14 each year, is a celebration of the world's most famous irrational number — and for many, a chance to score discounts on sweet and savory pies. Whether you're a math enthusiast or just here for the deals, bakeries and restaurants across Chicago offer special promotions for the occasion.

每年3月14日的圆周率日（Pi Day）是全球庆祝无理数π（pi）的节日，同时也是许多美食爱好者享受甜咸派折扣的绝佳机会。芝加哥的烘焙坊和餐厅纷纷在这一天推出特别促销活动，吸引数学爱好者和美食家共同参与。

irrational number /ɪˌræʃ.ən.əl ˈnʌm.bər/ 表示“无理数”，英文解释为“a number that cannot be expressed as the ratio of two whole numbers”

score /skɔːr/ 熟词僻义，作动词，表示“获得，得到”，英文解释为“to get something”举个🌰：I managed to score a couple of tickets to the World Cup final. 我设法搞到了几张世界杯决赛的入场券。

作名词，可以指“二十；二十左右”，英文解释为“20 or approximately 20”举个🌰：He lived to be three score years and ten (= until he was 70 years old). 他活到了70岁。

scores 复数表示“许多，大量”，英文解释为“a lot of things or people”举个🌰：She received cards from scores of local well-wishers. 她收到了当地人送来的祝福卡。

英式 savoury 美式 savory /ˈseɪvəri/ 1）表示“咸的；辛辣的”，英文解释为“Savoury food is salty or spicy and not sweet in taste.”如：a savoury dish/sauce/flavour 带咸味的一道菜/一种调料/一种味道。

2）表示“好吃的；好闻的；香的；美味的；令人愉快的；名声好的；受欢迎的”，英文解释为“having a pleasant taste or smell；If you say that something is not savoury, you mean that it is not pleasant or socially acceptable.”举个🌰：That hotel doesn't have a very savoury reputation. 那家宾馆的声誉不太好。

pie /paɪ/ 表示“馅饼”，英文解释为“a type of food made with meat, vegetables, or fruit covered in pastry and baked”举个🌰：Would you like some more steak pie? 你想再要点猪肉馅饼吗？

enthusiast /ɪnˈθjuː.zi.æst/ 表示“热衷于…的人；热心者；爱好者”，英文解释为“a person who is very interested in and involved with a particular subject or activity”如：a keep-fit enthusiast 热衷健身运动的人。

bakery /ˈbeɪ.kər.i/ 表示“面包房”，英文解释为“a place where bread and cakes are made and sometimes sold”

What is Pi Day? 圆周率日的由来

Pi Day was founded in 1988 by physicist Larry Shaw at the Exploratorium, a San Francisco-based science museum. The idea came during a staff retreat, where Shaw linked March 14 (3.14) with the digits of pi (3.14159…) as a way to bring the museum community together, according to the Exploratorium.

这一节日由物理学家拉里·肖（Larry Shaw）于1988年在旧金山科学博物馆探索馆（Exploratorium）创立。据馆方介绍，拉里·肖在一次员工团建活动上突发奇想，将3月14日与圆周率的前几位数字（3.14159…）联系起来，以此凝聚科学爱好者社区。

retreat /rɪˈtriːt/ 表示“静修，静思（时间）”，英文解释为“a period of time used to pray and study quietly, or to think carefully, away from normal activities and duties”举个🌰：We went on (a) retreat at/to a monastery. 我们去一家修道院静修。

2）表示“撤退，退却，后退”，英文解释为“a move back by soldiers or an army, either because they have been defeated or in order to avoid fighting”

📍“staff retreat”指的是公司或机构员工集体外出参加的非正式活动，通常包括团队建设、头脑风暴、培训或放松等内容。根据语境，“员工团建活动” 或 “员工研讨会” 是较为自然的翻译。如果强调“远离日常工作环境进行深入讨论”，可以用“务虚会”；如果活动侧重于放松和团队建设，“团队拓展”也可以。但这里更偏向于轻松的内部讨论，因此“员工团建活动”更贴切。

The first celebration took place at 1:59 p.m., featuring fruit pies and a tea urn set up by Shaw and his wife. Over the years, the event grew to include a “Pi Shrine,” a circular parade and a ritual of walking around the shrine 3.14 times while singing “Happy Birthday” to Albert Einstein — whose birthday also falls on March 14.

首次庆祝活动于下午1:59举行，拉里·肖夫妇准备了水果派和热茶款待来宾。经过多年发展，庆祝活动已扩展至包括设立“圆周率圣坛”、环形游街以及围绕圣坛行走3.14圈等，还有为同日出生的阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦（Albert Einstein）献唱生日歌。

urn /ɜːn/ 1）表示“（可以保温的）茶水桶，咖啡桶”，英文解释为“a large, cylinder-shaped metal container with a lid, used for holding a large amount of a drink such as tea or coffee and keeping it hot”如：a tea urn 茶水桶。

2）表示“瓮；骨灰瓮”，英文解释为“a container, especially a large, round one on a stem, that is used for decorative purposes in a garden, or one that has a lid and is used for holding a dead person's ashes (= the powder that is left after a dead body has been burned)”

shrine /ʃraɪn/表示“圣地；神龛；圣坛；神殿”，英文解释为“a place for worship that is holy because of a connection with a holy person or object”

ritual /ˈrɪtʃ.u.əl/ 表示“例行公事，老规矩；（尤指）仪式”，英文解释为“a set of fixed actions and sometimes words performed regularly, especially as part of a ceremony”举个🌰：Coffee and the newspaper are part of my morning ritual. 喝咖啡和读报纸是我早晨必做的事情之一。

It wasn't until 2009 that the U.S. House of Representatives formally recognized Pi Day.

直到2009年，美国众议院才正式将3月14日定为圆周率日。

But what exactly is pi, whose symbol is "π"? For starters, this never-ending, non-repeating number is fundamental to the world around us. Pi is the ratio of a circle's circumference to its diameter, a constant that appears everywhere — from designing bridges to calculating planetary orbits.

那么，符号为“π”的圆周率到底是什么呢？首先，这个无限不循环的数字是我们周围世界的基本要素。π是圆的周长与直径之比，从桥梁设计到行星轨道计算，这个常数无处不在。

ratio /ˈreɪ.ʃi.əʊ/ 表示“比率；比例”，英文解释为“the relationship between two groups of people or things that is represented by two numbers showing how much larger one group is than the other”举个🌰：The school has a very high teacher-student ratio. 这所学校的师生比例很高。

circumference /səˈkʌmfərəns/ 表示“圆周；圆周长”，英文解释为“a line that goes around a circle or any other curved shape; the length of this line”举个🌰：The earth is almost 25 000 miles in circumference. 地球的周长大约为25000英里。

表示“直径；对径”，英文解释为“a straight line going from one side of a circle or any other round object to the other side, passing through the centre”举个🌰：The dome is 42.3 metres in diameter. 这个穹顶直径为42.3米。

补充：

📍radius：a straight line between the centre of a circle and any point on its outer edge; the length of this line 半径（长度）

constant /ˈkɒn.stənt/ 作名词，熟词僻义，表示“常数；常量”，英文解释为“a number or quantity that does not vary”

补充：

📍variable表示“可变情况；变量；可变因素”（a situation, number or quantity that can vary or be varied）。

planetary /ˈplæn.ɪ.tər.i/ 表示“行星的”，英文解释为“relating to planets”如：planetary science/motion 行星学/运动。

orbit /ˈɔː.bɪt/ 作名词，1）表示“（天体等运行的）轨道”，英文解释为“a curved path followed by a planet or an object as it moves around another planet, star, moon, etc.”

2）表示“（人、组织等的）影响范围，势力范围”，英文解释为“an area that a particular person, organization, etc. deals with or is able to influence”如：to come/fall/be within sb's orbit 进入/落入/属于某人的势力范围。

作动词，表示“绕轨道运行，沿轨道围绕（行星或恒星）运行”，英文解释为“to follow a curved path around a planet or star”举个🌰：On this mission the Shuttle will orbit (the Earth) at a height of several hundred miles. 此次任务中，这架航天飞机将在距地面数百英里的高空绕（地球）轨道运行。

📍词根“orb-”来自拉丁语“orbis”，意味着“圆”，表示物体围绕中心点的路径。近义词：path（路径），同根词：orbital（轨道的），常用短语：enter into orbit（进入轨道）

The ancient Greek mathematician Archimedes was one of the first to attempt an accurate estimation of pi, but mathematicians today have calculated it to more than 1 trillion decimal places, according to History.com. The word “pi” comes from “perimetros” — a Greek word meaning “circumference.”

据History.com，古希腊数学家阿基米德（Archimedes）是最早尝试精确估算圆周率的人之一，而今天的数学家已经将圆周率计算到了小数点后1万亿位以上。“π”一词源于希腊文“perimetros”，意为“圆周”。

1）作形容词，表示“十进制的”，英文解释为“A decimal system involves counting in units of ten.”举个🌰：The mathematics of ancient Egypt were based on a decimal system. 古埃及数学以十进制为基础。

2）作名词，表示“小数”，英文解释为“A decimal is a fraction that is written in the form of a dot followed by one or more numbers which represent tenths, hundredths, and so on”如：simple maths concepts, such as decimals and fractions 简单的数学概念，如小数和分数。

And let's not forget that March 14 is also Albert Einstein's birthday. Coincidence? Probably. But it certainly adds to the nerdy charm of the holiday.

有趣的是，3月14日恰逢爱因斯坦诞辰。虽属巧合，但这无疑增添了这个节日独特的“极客”魅力。

coincidence /kəʊˈɪn.sɪ.dəns/ 表示“同时发生；（尤指令人吃惊的）巧合，碰巧的事”，英文解释为“an occasion when two or more similar things happen at the same time, especially in a way that is unlikely and surprising”举个🌰：He chose exactly the same topic as me - what a coincidence! 他选的话题跟我的一模一样——真巧！

nerdy /ˈnɜː.di/ 1）表示“（尤指男子）愚蠢的，呆子似的”，英文解释为“not attractive and awkward or socially embarrassing”举个🌰：He's nice, but kind of nerdy. 他人挺好的，就是有点书呆子气。

2）表示“电脑高手”，英文解释为“extremely interested in one subject, especially computers, and knowing a lot of facts about it”举个🌰：There is a perception of IT people being nerdy geeks working in isolated backroom office jobs. 人们认为IT人员是在隔绝无窗的密室中工作的电脑高手。

📍the nerdy charm of the holiday可以翻译为：“这个节日独特的极客魅力” “这个节日所散发的理工宅专属魅力”“这个节日的Geek风情”；这里的nerdy charm不是指传统意义上的“书呆子气”，而是带有积极色彩的geek文化魅力，即对数学、科学、逻辑等充满热情的有趣氛围。因此，翻译时要突出其正面、有趣的特点，而非刻板印象中的“呆板”或“死读书”。

Whether you're in it for the math or just the munchies, some of Chicago's restaurants and bakeries will serve up π-inspired deals on Friday, March 14. But since Pi Day is essentially the Super Bowl for pie businesses, some skip the discounts and instead roll out more flavors, knowing demand will be high.

无论你是钟情数学之美还是垂涎美食，3月14日当天芝加哥多家餐饮商户将推出π主题优惠活动。鉴于圆周率日堪比派类烘焙界的“超级碗”（Super Bowl，美国职业橄榄球总决赛），部分商家选择不参与折扣大战，转而推出限定口味——毕竟这天客流量堪比黄金档，根本不愁卖。

munchies /ˈmʌn.tʃiz/ 表示“零食”，英文解释为“small light things to eat”举个🌰：We need a few munchies - some peanuts and crackers. 我们需要些零食——花生和薄脆饼干。

也可以指“饥饿感”，英文解释为“feelings of hunger”举个🌰：I've got the munchies. 我感觉有些饿了。

rollout作名词时，表示“首次提供（产品或服务）”，英文解释为“the act of making something, especially a product or service, available for the first time”举个🌰：Since its rollout in 2011, Wechat has gained billions of members. 自从2011年首次提供使用以来，微信已经吸引了数以亿计的用户。

📍2020年政府工作报告Part 12中就提到：We will support the rollout of e-commerce and express delivery services in rural areas to expand rural consumption. 支持电商、快递进农村，拓展农村消费。

📍roll out 动词短语，表示“推出（新产品或服务）”，英文解释为“If a company rolls out a new product or service, or if the product or service rolls out, it is made available to the public.”举个🌰：Microsoft rolls out its new operating system. 微软推出了它的新操作系统。

📍此外，roll out还有另一个含义，表示“将…轧平”，英文解释为“to make sth flat by pushing sth over it”举个🌰：Roll out the pastry. 将油酥面团擀平。

🎬电影《老爸上战场》（Dad's Army）中刚好有这个例句：Shall I roll out the pastry?  我要把面团轧平吗？

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