美国宇航员滞留超9个月后快回家了

近日，接美国滞留太空宇航员的龙飞船已抵达国际空间站。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What can be inferred about NASA's attitude towards astronaut safety?

A) NASA prioritizes astronaut safety over mission deadlines.

B) NASA is willing to take calculated risks if necessary.

C) NASA is more concerned about public perception than actual safety.

D) NASA sees extended space missions as an opportunity for research rather than a challenge.

无注释原文：

SpaceX Dragon docks with ISS in mission to get NASA astronauts back to Earth

From: ABC NEWS

After a scrubbed attempt this week, NASA's SpaceX Crew-10 mission successfully docked with the International Space Station after lifting off Friday evening from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

NASA astronauts Sunita "Suni" Williams and Butch Wilmore are now one step closer to returning home from the ISS. The Dragon docked with the ISS at about midnight ET, SpaceX said.

The launch was initially planned for Wednesday evening but postponed due to a problem with a ground support clamp arm on the Falcon 9 rocket. SpaceX subsequently said the hydraulic system issue was fixed and the crew was once again cleared for take-off on Friday.

Dragon is transporting the Crew-10 team made up of NASA astronaut Anne McClain, the mission's commander; NASA astronaut Nichole Ayers, the mission pilot; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Takuya Onishi; and cosmonaut Kirill Peskov, with Roscosmo, Russia's space agency.

Crew-10 will relieve four astronauts who are part of the current station crew, including Williams and Wilmore. The two astronauts planned to spend about a week on the ISS, but that brief stop turned into a nine-month mission when NASA determined that it was unsafe to bring them home on the Boeing Starliner spacecraft they rode into orbit.

The duo arrived at the ISS in early June, but in September, NASA opted to bring the Starliner back home empty due to concerns about technical issues with the craft. This mission marked Boeing's first crewed flight of the Starliner. An empty Starliner landed safely back on Earth on Sept. 6.

The two American astronauts became part of the ISS Crew-9 team and have been actively engaged in research and maintenance of the station ever since. The extended time in space also allowed Williams to break the record for the most spacewalking time by a woman, with 62 hours and 6 minutes in the vacuum of space.

NASA has long insisted that Williams and Wilmore were never stuck or stranded.

In September, three months after the pair arrived at the ISS, a Roscosmos Soyuz spacecraft arrived at the station with two cosmonauts and an American astronaut. Several weeks later, American astronaut Nick Hague and cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov arrived at the station onboard the SpaceX Crew Dragon Freedom spacecraft. Both vehicles have remained docked to the ISS and available for emergencies ever since.

The SpaceX Crew Dragon Freedom capsule that brought Hague and Gorbunov to the ISS is currently docked at the station will be the one that brings Williams, Wilmore and the two other Crew-9 astronauts back home.

There is a period of overlap when the new team and the current crew of seven work collaboratively to ensure a smooth handover. NASA has said Williams and Wilmore could be home as soon as Wednesday.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

SpaceX Dragon docks with ISS in mission to get NASA astronauts back to Earth

From: ABC NEWS

After a scrubbed attempt this week, NASA's SpaceX Crew-10 mission successfully docked with the International Space Station after lifting off Friday evening from the Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

本周发射计划一度取消后，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的SpaceX Crew-10于周五晚间从佛罗里达州肯尼迪航天中心（Kennedy Space Center）成功升空，并与国际空间站（International Space Station, ISS）完成对接。

表示“取消（原计划）”，英文解释为“to decide not to do something you had planned to do”举个🌰：We had to scrub our plans when I lost my job. 我失业了，我们不得不取消计划。

作动词，1）表示“（使宇宙飞船在外层空间）对接”，英文解释为“if two spacecraft dock , or are docked , they are joined together in space”举个🌰：Next year, a technology module will be docked on the space station. 明年将有一个技术舱与航天站对接。

2）日本吉野家董事发表歧视女性言论引众怒文中提到，dock还可以表示“克扣，扣发（尤指金钱）”，英文解释为“to remove part of something”举个🌰：As a punishment, they docked the soldiers' pay/wages by 20% and took away their leave. 作为惩罚，他们扣发了士兵们20%的工资并取消了他们的休假。

lift-off /ˈlɪft.ɒf/ 表示“（宇宙飞船或火箭的）发射，起飞，升空”，英文解释为“the action of a spacecraft or rocket leaving the ground”

NASA astronauts Sunita "Suni" Williams and Butch Wilmore are now one step closer to returning home from the ISS. The Dragon docked with the ISS at about midnight ET, SpaceX said.

NASA宇航员苏尼塔·威廉姆斯（Sunita "Suni" Williams）和布奇·威尔莫尔（Butch Wilmore）离回家更近了一步。SpaceX表示，龙飞船（Dragon）于美国东部时间午夜与国际空间站对接。

The launch was initially planned for Wednesday evening but postponed due to a problem with a ground support clamp arm on the Falcon 9 rocket. SpaceX subsequently said the hydraulic system issue was fixed and the crew was once again cleared for take-off on Friday.

发射原定于周三晚间进行，但因猎鹰9号火箭（Falcon 9）的地面支撑臂故障而推迟。SpaceX随后表示，液压系统问题已经解决，机组人员再次获准于周五起飞。

表示“推迟”，英文解释为“If you postpone an event, you delay it or arrange for it to take place at a later time than was originally planned.”举个🌰：He decided to postpone the expedition until the following day. 他决定将探险活动推迟到第二天。

表示“夹具，夹钳，夹子”，英文解释为“a device made of wood or metal that is used to hold two things together tightly”

subsequently /ˈsʌb.sɪ.kwənt.li/ 表示“随后；后来；之后；接着”，英文解释为“afterwards; later; after sth else has happened”举个🌰：The original interview notes were subsequently lost. 采访记录原稿后来丢失了。

表示“水压的，液压的”，英文解释为“operated by or involving the pressure of water or some other liquid”如：a hydraulic lift/platform/pump 液压升降机/升降平台/泵。

Dragon is transporting the Crew-10 team made up of NASA astronaut Anne McClain, the mission's commander; NASA astronaut Nichole Ayers, the mission pilot; Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency astronaut Takuya Onishi; and cosmonaut Kirill Peskov, with Roscosmo, Russia's space agency.

龙飞船搭载的Crew-10乘组包括：任务指挥官、NASA宇航员安妮·麦克莱恩（Anne McClain）；任务飞行员、NASA宇航员尼科尔·艾尔斯（Nichole Ayers）；日本宇宙航空研究开发机构（Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA）宇航员大西卓哉（Takuya Onishi）；以及俄罗斯航天局（Roscosmos）宇航员基里尔·佩斯科夫（Kirill Peskov）。

commander /kəˈmɑːn.dər/ 表示“指挥官；司令官”，英文解释为“A commander is an officer in charge of a military operation or organization.”

📍cosmonaut /ˈkɒzməˌnɔːt/ 表示“（前苏联的）宇航员，航天员， 太空人”，英文解释为“an astronaut from the former Soviet Union”

📍astronaut表示“宇航员”，英文解释为“An astronaut is a person who is trained for travelling in a spacecraft.”

📍taikonaut表示“太空人，中国航天员”，实际上这个词是由汉语拼音taikong和astronaut缩合而成，英文解释为“an astronaut from the People's Republic of China”。

由来：From Mandarin 太空 (tàikōng, “space”) +‎ -naut, modelled after astronaut, cosmonaut, spationaut, etc. The term was coined on 19 May 1998 by Chiew Lee Yih (赵里昱) from Malaysia, who used it first in newsgroups. Almost simultaneously, Chen Lan coined it for use in the Western m

Crew-10 will relieve four astronauts who are part of the current station crew, including Williams and Wilmore. The two astronauts planned to spend about a week on the ISS, but that brief stop turned into a nine-month mission when NASA determined that it was unsafe to bring them home on the Boeing Starliner spacecraft they rode into orbit.

Crew-10乘组将接替目前空间站机组中包括威廉姆斯和威尔莫尔在内的四名宇航员。两人原计划在国际空间站停留约一周，但因NASA判定波音“星际客机”飞船存在安全隐患，这次短暂停留变成了九个月的任务。

1）表示“缓解，减轻，解除（疼痛或担忧）；使宽心，使宽慰”，英文解释为“to make an unpleasant feeling, such as pain or worry, less strong”举个🌰：She relieved her boredom at home by learning how to type. 她在家学打字来打发无聊的时光。

2）表示“接替；换…的班；替下”，英文解释为“to take the place of someone and continue doing their job or duties”举个🌰：I'm on duty until 2 p.m. and then Peter is coming to relieve me. 我要值班到下午两点，两点以后彼得就会来换班。

orbit /ˈɔː.bɪt/ 作名词，1）表示“（天体等运行的）轨道”，英文解释为“a curved path followed by a planet or an object as it moves around another planet, star, moon, etc.”

2）表示“（人、组织等的）影响范围，势力范围”，英文解释为“an area that a particular person, organization, etc. deals with or is able to influence”如：to come/fall/be within sb's orbit 进入/落入/属于某人的势力范围。

作动词，表示“绕轨道运行，沿轨道围绕（行星或恒星）运行”，英文解释为“to follow a curved path around a planet or star”举个🌰：On this mission the Shuttle will orbit (the Earth) at a height of several hundred miles. 此次任务中，这架航天飞机将在距地面数百英里的高空绕（地球）轨道运行。

📍词根“orb-”来自拉丁语“orbis”，意味着“圆”，表示物体围绕中心点的路径。近义词：path（路径），同根词：orbital（轨道的），常用短语：enter into orbit（进入轨道）

The duo arrived at the ISS in early June, but in September, NASA opted to bring the Starliner back home empty due to concerns about technical issues with the craft. This mission marked Boeing's first crewed flight of the Starliner. An empty Starliner landed safely back on Earth on Sept. 6.

两人于6月初抵达国际空间站，但9月NASA因“星际客机”飞船的技术问题决定让飞船空载返回地球。这次任务是波音“星际客机”飞船的首次载人飞行。9月6日，空载的星际客机飞船安全着陆。

duo /ˈduː.oʊ/ 1）表示“二重奏演奏者；二重唱演唱者；二人组合表演者；（歌手、乐手等的）二人组合，一对搭档”，英文解释为“A duo is two musicians, singers, or other performers who perform together as a pair.”如：a famous dancing and singing duo. 一个著名的歌舞表演二人组。

2）表示“（有共同点的）一对人”，英文解释为“You can refer to two people together as a duo, especially when they have something in common.”

opt /ɒpt/ 表示“选择，挑选；（尤指）优先选择”，英文解释为“to make a choice, especially of one thing or possibility instead of others”举个🌰：Depending on your circumstances you can opt for one method or the other. 根据自己的情况，你可以选择这种或那种方法。

The two American astronauts became part of the ISS Crew-9 team and have been actively engaged in research and maintenance of the station ever since. The extended time in space also allowed Williams to break the record for the most spacewalking time by a woman, with 62 hours and 6 minutes in the vacuum of space.

这两名美国宇航员成为国际空间站Crew-9乘组的一员，此后一直积极参与空间站的研究和维护工作。延长的太空停留时间也让威廉姆斯以62小时6分钟的太空行走时间，创下女性宇航员的纪录。

maintenance /ˈmeɪn.tən.əns/ 1）表示“养护（保持道路、建筑、机器设备等状态良好的工作）”，英文解释为“the work needed to keep a road, building, machine, etc. in good condition”举个🌰：Old houses need a lot of maintenance. 老房子需要大量保养。

2）表示“（法律规定离婚后需定期支付用以供养孩子或前配偶的）抚养费，生活费”，英文解释为“money that a person must pay regularly by law in order to support their child or previous marriage partner after a divorce (= official end to a marriage)”

3）表示“维持；保持”，英文解释为“a situation in which something continues to exist or is not allowed to become less”如：the maintenance of living standards 生活水平的保持。

vacuum /ˈvæk.juːm/ 作动词，表示“用吸尘器清扫”，英文解释为“to use a vacuum cleaner to collect dust, dirt, etc.”

作名词，1）表示“真空”，英文解释为“A vacuum is a space that contains no air or other gas.”举个🌰：Wind is a current of air caused by a vacuum caused by hot air rising. 风是由热空气上升产生真空而引起的空气流动。

2）表示“空缺”，英文解释为“If someone or something creates a vacuum, they leave a place or position that then needs to be filled by another person or thing.”举个🌰：His presence should fill the power vacuum that has been developing over the past few days. 他的出现应该能填补过去几天中形成的权力空缺。

3）vacuum /ˈvæk.juːm/ 表示“真空吸尘器（同vacuum cleaner）”

短语：in a vacuum /ˈvæk.juːm/ 表示“似在真空中；与世隔绝”，英文解释为“kept separate from other people and activities”举个🌰：No artist works in a vacuum - we are all of us influenced by others. 没有哪个艺术工作者可以脱离现实——我们都受到他人的影响。

NASA has long insisted that Williams and Wilmore were never stuck or stranded.

NASA一直坚称，威廉姆斯和威尔莫尔从未被困或滞留。

stranded /ˈstræn.dɪd/ 表示“（因缺乏交通工具、金钱等）滞留的，被困住的”，英文解释为“unable to leave somewhere because of a problem such as not having any transport or money”举个🌰：If the tide comes in, we'll be stranded on these rocks. 如果涨潮的话，我们就会被困在这些礁石上。

In September, three months after the pair arrived at the ISS, a Roscosmos Soyuz spacecraft arrived at the station with two cosmonauts and an American astronaut. Several weeks later, American astronaut Nick Hague and cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov arrived at the station onboard the SpaceX Crew Dragon Freedom spacecraft. Both vehicles have remained docked to the ISS and available for emergencies ever since.

9月，在威廉姆斯和威尔莫尔抵达国际空间站三个月后，俄罗斯航天局的联盟号（Soyuz）飞船搭载着两名宇航员和一名美国宇航员抵达空间站。几周后，美国宇航员尼克·黑格（Nick Hague）和宇航员亚历山大·戈尔布诺夫（Aleksandr Gorbunov）乘坐SpaceX公司的龙飞船自由号（Crew Dragon Freedom）抵达国际空间站。从那时起，这两艘飞船一直与国际空间站保持对接，以备不时之需。

The SpaceX Crew Dragon Freedom capsule that brought Hague and Gorbunov to the ISS is currently docked at the station will be the one that brings Williams, Wilmore and the two other Crew-9 astronauts back home.

将黑格和戈尔布诺夫送往国际空间站的SpaceX龙飞船自由号目前停靠在空间站，它将负责将威廉姆斯、威尔莫尔和其他两名Crew-9宇航员送回家。

capsule /ˈkæp.sjuːl/ 1）表示“（装药物的）胶囊”，英文解释为“a small container which has a measured amount of a medicine inside and which dissolves when you swallow it”

2）表示“（装物或装液体的）小塑料容器”，英文解释为“a small plastic container with a substance or liquid inside”

3）表示“太空舱；航天舱”，英文解释为“the part of a spacecraft in which people travel and that often separates from the main rocket”

📍the return capsule / re-entry capsule 返回舱

There is a period of overlap when the new team and the current crew of seven work collaboratively to ensure a smooth handover. NASA has said Williams and Wilmore could be home as soon as Wednesday.

新乘组和目前的七名宇航员将有一段时间的工作重叠期，以确保顺利交接。NASA表示，威廉姆斯和威尔莫尔最快将于周三回家。

overlap /ˌəʊ.vəˈlæp/ 可以作名词，也可以作动词，1）表示“（活动、课程或时间）相互重叠，有共同之处”，英文解释为“If two or more activities, subjects, or periods of time overlap, they have some parts that are the same.”举个🌰：My musical tastes don't overlap with my brother's at all. 我对音乐的喜好和我弟弟完全不一样。

2）表示“（与…）交叠，（与…）部分重叠，叠盖”，英文解释为“to cover something partly by going over its edge; to cover part of the same space”举个🌰：The fence is made of panels that overlap (each other). 这个围栏是由交叠的板条搭成的。

表示“（控制权或责任的）移交”，英文解释为“the giving of control of or responsibility for something to someone else”举个🌰：The United Nations is to supervise the handover of the prisoners of war. 联合国将监督战俘的移交事宜。

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