大结局！他俩终于回地球了

终于大结局了！

相关阅读：

📍美国2名宇航员被困太空近1个月

📍滞留太空宇航员明年才能回地球

📍美国宇航员滞留超9个月后快回家了

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. The word “even keel” in the sentence “have both maintained an even keel about their saga”is closest in meaning to:

A. emotional instability

B. calm composure

C. intense frustration

D. visible excitement

无注释原文：

Stranded Astronauts Leave International Space Station

From: The Wall Street Journal

Astronauts Barry Wilmore and Sunita Williams are on their way home from the International Space Station—more than nine months later than originally planned. 

A SpaceX vehicle carrying the astronauts undocked from the ISS just after 1 a.m. ET Tuesday, according to a NASA livestream, putting them on track to splash down near Florida just before 6 p.m. ET.

Butch and Suni, as Wilmore and Williams are nicknamed, arrived at the orbiting research laboratory on June 6 of last year. Their mission aimed to test the capabilities of a Boeing-developed spacecraft, called Starliner, designed to ferry astronauts to and from the ISS.

NASA's plan for Starliner's first crewed voyage called for the astronauts to remain aboard the ISS for a little over a week before piloting the craft back to Earth. Problems with Starliner's propulsion system prompted the agency to change course: Officials decided bringing the pair back on the Boeing craft was too risky, though the aerospace giant said the vehicle was up to the task.

Starliner successfully flew back empty in early September. Wilmore and Williams stayed at the ISS, with NASA incorporating them into the agency's regular crew rotation and slating them to return on the next scheduled return trip.

In September, NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Russian cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov arrived at the ISS on a SpaceX vehicle, and Wilmore and Williams began working with them as a unit on the station. Those four have been scheduled to return early this year after the arrival of the next crew, which made it to the station on a separate SpaceX craft last week.

While aboard the ISS, Williams and Wilmore carried out research projects and conducted station maintenance, in between the usual daily exercise and occasional video calls with students. Both donned spacesuits and conducted a spacewalk outside the facility earlier this year.

Wilmore and Williams, experienced astronauts and former Navy pilots, have both maintained an even keel about their saga.

“Don't remind me, this might be my last flight” to the ISS, Williams said during a recent briefing with reporters. “That's a little sad.” 

The two Starliner astronauts, as well as Hague and Gorbunov, will travel back to Earth aboard the SpaceX Crew Dragon craft that arrived at the ISS back in September. NASA officials recently said they decided to move up the astronauts' return date, in part, because weather conditions were more favorable than later in the week.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Stranded Astronauts Leave International Space Station

From: The Wall Street Journal

Astronauts Barry Wilmore and Sunita Williams are on their way home from the International Space Station—more than nine months later than originally planned. 

宇航员巴里·威尔莫尔（Barry Wilmore）和苏妮塔·威廉姆斯（Sunita Williams）终于从国际空间站启程返航，这场归途比原定计划足足推迟了九个多月。

stranded /ˈstræn.dɪd/ 表示“（因缺乏交通工具、金钱等）滞留的，被困住的”，英文解释为“unable to leave somewhere because of a problem such as not having any transport or money”举个🌰：If the tide comes in, we'll be stranded on these rocks. 如果涨潮的话，我们就会被困在这些礁石上。

A SpaceX vehicle carrying the astronauts undocked from the ISS just after 1 a.m. ET Tuesday, according to a NASA livestream, putting them on track to splash down near Florida just before 6 p.m. ET.

根据美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的直播，搭载宇航员的SpaceX飞船于美东时间周二凌晨1点后与国际空间站分离，将于当天下午6点前在佛罗里达州附近海域溅落。

un-表示“相反”或“取消”，dock表示“停靠”或“对接”。

dock /dɒk/ 作动词，1）表示“（使宇宙飞船在外层空间）对接”，英文解释为“if two spacecraft dock , or are docked , they are joined together in space”举个🌰：Next year, a technology module will be docked on the space station. 明年将有一个技术舱与航天站对接。

2）日本吉野家董事发表歧视女性言论引众怒文中提到，dock还可以表示“克扣，扣发（尤指金钱）”，英文解释为“to remove part of something”举个🌰：As a punishment, they docked the soldiers' pay/wages by 20% and took away their leave. 作为惩罚，他们扣发了士兵们20%的工资并取消了他们的休假。

livestream/live-stream 表示“互联网直播，线上直播，流直播”，英文解释为“to broadcast video and sound of an event over the internet as it happens, or to be broadcast in this way”

splashdown /ˈsplæʃ.daʊn/ 作名词，表示“溅落（指航天器坠入海里）”，英文解释为“a landing by a spacecraft in the sea”；动词短语splash down表示“降落在水中/海上”，英文解释为“(of a spacecraft) land on water.”

splash /splæʃ/ 本身表示“（使）（液体）洒，溅，泼”，英文解释为“If a liquid splashes or if you splash a liquid, it falls on or hits something or someone.”举个🌰：Water was splashing from a hole in the roof. 水从屋顶的洞里泼溅下来。

Butch and Suni, as Wilmore and Williams are nicknamed, arrived at the orbiting research laboratory on June 6 of last year. Their mission aimed to test the capabilities of a Boeing-developed spacecraft, called Starliner, designed to ferry astronauts to and from the ISS.

被亲切称为布奇（Butch）和苏尼（Suni）的两位宇航员，去年6月6日进驻这个轨道研究实验室。他们的任务旨在测试波音（Boeing）开发的星际客机（Starliner）飞船的性能，该航天器设计用于在国际空间站之间运送宇航员。

nickname /ˈnɪk.neɪm/ 可以作名词，也可以作动词，表示“给…起绰号”，英文解释为“to give a nickname to sb/sth”举个🌰：LR was nicknamed ‘Lu Rou’. LR外号叫“卤肉”。

capability /ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ə.ti/ 表示“能力；才干；水平”，英文解释为“the ability to do something”举个🌰：These tests are beyond the capability of an average twelve-year-old. 这些测试超出了一个普通12岁孩子的能力。

📍词根“cap-”来自拉丁语“capere”，表示“抓取”，“-ability”表示“能力”。想象这个软件有“抓取”并快速处理大量数据的“能力”。近义词：capacity（容量），同根词：capable（有能力的），常用短语：enhance capability（增强能力）

ferry /ˈfer.i/ 作名词，表示“（尤指定期的）渡船，轮渡”，英文解释为“a boat or ship for taking passengers and often vehicles across an area of water, especially as a regular service”如：a car ferry 汽车渡轮。

作动词，表示“（尤指定期）渡运；运送”，英文解释为“to transport people or goods in a vehicle, especially regularly and often”举个🌰：I spend most of my time ferrying the children around. 我大部分时间都用在把孩子们送来送去上了。

NASA's plan for Starliner's first crewed voyage called for the astronauts to remain aboard the ISS for a little over a week before piloting the craft back to Earth. Problems with Starliner's propulsion system prompted the agency to change course: Officials decided bringing the pair back on the Boeing craft was too risky, though the aerospace giant said the vehicle was up to the task.

NASA对星际客机飞船首次载人任务的原计划是让宇航员在国际空间站驻留一周左右即返航。星际客机飞船推进系统的问题促使该机构改变计划：官员们认为让两人乘坐波音飞船返回风险太大，尽管这家航空航天巨头表示飞船完全能够完成任务。

voyage /ˈvɔɪ.ɪdʒ/ 表示“航海；航行”，英文解释为“a long journey, especially by ship”举个🌰：He was a young sailor on his first sea voyage. 他第一次出海航行时还是个年轻的水手。

📍词源和词根：来自拉丁语的viaticum，意为“旅行用品、旅费”，进一步追溯，其源于via，意为“道路”。派生词：voyager, voyageur，常用短语：voyage of discovery (发现之旅)。

craft /krɑːft/ 结合我们常见的aircraft/spacecraft/hovercraft等词猜测，craft可以表示“船，艇；飞行器，航空器”，英文解释为“a vehicle for travelling on water or through the air”如：naval craft 军舰，civilian craft 民用船，patrol craft 巡逻艇，rescue craft 救生艇。

🎬电影《外星人保罗》（Paul）中的台词提到：Hey, imagine if we got buzzed by a craft. 想象一下如果一艘飞船从我们头上掠过。

📍补充：hovercraft 气垫船，military aircraft 军用飞机，a manned/unmanned spacecraft 载人/无人的宇宙飞船。

此外，craft作名词还可以指“工艺，手艺；技术”，英文解释为“skill and experience, especially in relation to making objects; a job or activity that needs skill and experience, or something produced using skill and experience”如：the craft of furniture making/sewing 家具制作/缝纫工艺，political/literary craft 政治手腕／文学手法，rural/ancient/traditional crafts 乡村的/古老的/传统的手艺，craft workers (= skilled workers) 熟练工人，工匠。

craft作为动词表示“精制，（手工）制作”，举个🌰：Each doll is crafted individually by specialists. 每个布娃娃都由专业人员手工制作。

propulsion /prəˈpʌl.ʃən/ 表示“推进；推动力”，英文解释为“a force that pushes something forward”如：wind propulsion 风力推进，a propulsion system 推进系统。

prompt /prɒmpt/ 作名词，1）表示“（计算机屏幕上的）提示符（显示计算机已经准备好接受指令）”，英文解释为“a sign on a computer screen that shows that the computer is ready to receive your instructions”

📍在ChatGPT火热的今天，prompt通常指的是给模型的输入，用来激发或引导模型生成特定的输出或回答。简而言之，prompt是指用户提供给语言模型的一段文字或命令，以便模型据此理解用户的需求并给出相应的响应或信息。例如，在与像ChatGPT这样的大语言模型交互时，用户提出的问题或指令就是一个“prompt”。模型会根据这个prompt的内容分析、处理并生成回答或执行相关的任务。Prompt对于大语言模型来说是非常关键的，因为它直接决定了模型如何理解和回应用户的需求。

📍prompt中文里有译为“提示词”，prompt engineering 就是“提示工程/提示词工程”。

2）表示“（给演员的）提词，提白”，英文解释为“words that are spoken to an actor who has forgotten what he or she is going to say during the performance of a play”

3）作动词，表示“促使；导致；激起”，英文解释为“to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen”举个🌰：His speech prompted an angry outburst from a man in the crowd. 他的讲话激起了人群中一男子的愤怒。

📺美剧《斯巴达克斯：血与沙》（Spartacus: Blood and Sand）中的台词提到：One cannot but wonder what would prompt such an act 不知他们为何遭此不幸。

aerospace /ˈeə.rə.speɪs/ 表示“航空航天工业的；航空航天器制造的”，英文解释为“producing or operating aircraft or spacecraft”

Starliner successfully flew back empty in early September. Wilmore and Williams stayed at the ISS, with NASA incorporating them into the agency's regular crew rotation and slating them to return on the next scheduled return trip.

星际客机飞船于9月初成功空载返航。威尔莫尔和威廉姆斯则继续留守国际空间站，NASA将他们编入常规轮换机组，等待后续安排的返程航班。

1）作名词，表示“全体船员；全体机务人员”，英文解释为“The crew of a ship, an aircraft, or a spacecraft is the people who work on and operate it.”举个🌰：The mission for the crew of the space shuttle is essentially over. 航天飞机全体机务人员的使命基本完成。

2）作名词，表示“一组工作人员”，英文解释为“A crew is a group of people with special technical skills who work together on a task or project.”如：a two-man film crew making a documentary 一个制作纪录片的两人摄制组。

3）作动词，表示“当船员；充当…的船员”，英文解释为“If you crew a boat, you work on it as part of the crew.”举个🌰：This neighbour crewed on a ferryboat. 这位邻居在一艘渡船上当船员。

rotation /rəʊˈteɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“轮作；换茬（农民有规则地改变地里种植的植物）”，英文解释为“the act by farmers of regularly changing which crops they grow in a field”如：crop rotation 农作物轮作。

2）表示“（尤指围绕一个固定点）旋转，转动”，英文解释为“movement in a circle around a fixed point”如：the speed of rotation 转速。

slate /sleɪt/ 作动词，表示“预定；计划；安排”，英文解释为“to plan that sth will happen at a particular time in the future”举个🌰：The houses were first slated for demolition five years ago. 这些房子在五年前就确定要拆除了。

📺英剧《追影逐凶》（Chasing Shadows）中的台词提到：There was another boy that was found in a building that was slated for demolition. 另外还有个男孩也是在一座确定要被拆除的建筑里被人发现的。

slate /sleɪt/ 作名词，可以表示“候选名单；（尤指在政治活动中的）候选人名单”，英文解释为“a list of people who are being considered for a particular job or position, especially in politics”举个🌰：His novel was chosen from a slate of ten finalists. 他的小说是从十篇最终候选作品中选出的。

📍在电影行业术语中，slate表示“一系列计划中的电影项目”或“预定上映的片单”。它特指某个公司、院线或市场在特定时间段内计划制作、发行或上映的电影集合。 同义词：lineup（排片表）, roster（名单）, schedule（排期）

In September, NASA astronaut Nick Hague and Russian cosmonaut Aleksandr Gorbunov arrived at the ISS on a SpaceX vehicle, and Wilmore and Williams began working with them as a unit on the station. Those four have been scheduled to return early this year after the arrival of the next crew, which made it to the station on a separate SpaceX craft last week.

9月，NASA宇航员尼克·黑格（Nick Hague）和俄罗斯宇航员亚历山大·戈尔布诺夫（Aleksandr Gorbunov）乘坐SpaceX飞船抵达国际空间站，威尔莫尔和威廉姆斯开始与他们在空间站协同工作。他们四人原计划在下一批乘组抵达后于今年初返回——后者已于上周搭乘新的SpaceX飞船就位。

📍cosmonaut /ˈkɒzməˌnɔːt/ 表示“（前苏联的）宇航员，航天员， 太空人”，英文解释为“an astronaut from the former Soviet Union”

📍astronaut表示“宇航员”，英文解释为“An astronaut is a person who is trained for travelling in a spacecraft.”

📍taikonaut表示“太空人，中国宇航员”，实际上这个词是由汉语拼音taikong和astronaut缩合而成，英文解释为“an astronaut from the People's Republic of China”。

由来：From Mandarin 太空 (tàikōng, “space”) +‎ -naut, modelled after astronaut, cosmonaut, spationaut, etc. The term was coined on 19 May 1998 by Chiew Lee Yih (赵里昱) from Malaysia, who used it first in newsgroups. Almost simultaneously, Chen Lan coined it for use in the Western media.

📍类似的还有spationaut指的是“法国的宇航员，太空人”（A French astronaut）

While aboard the ISS, Williams and Wilmore carried out research projects and conducted station maintenance, in between the usual daily exercise and occasional video calls with students. Both donned spacesuits and conducted a spacewalk outside the facility earlier this year.

在国际空间站期间，威廉姆斯和威尔莫尔除了日常锻炼和偶尔与学生视频通话外，还进行了空间站维护与科学实验等工作。两人今年早些时候都曾穿上航天服在空间站外进行过太空行走。

maintenance /ˈmeɪn.tən.əns/ 1）表示“养护（保持道路、建筑、机器设备等状态良好的工作）”，英文解释为“the work needed to keep a road, building, machine, etc. in good condition”举个🌰：Old houses need a lot of maintenance. 老房子需要大量保养。

2）表示“（法律规定离婚后需定期支付用以供养孩子或前配偶的）抚养费，生活费”，英文解释为“money that a person must pay regularly by law in order to support their child or previous marriage partner after a divorce (= official end to a marriage)”

3）表示“维持；保持”，英文解释为“a situation in which something continues to exist or is not allowed to become less”如：the maintenance of living standards 生活水平的保持。

don /dɒn/ 表示“穿戴上”，英文解释为“to put on a piece of clothing”举个🌰：He donned his finest coat and hat. 他穿上了他最帅的外套，戴上了他最好的帽子。

📺美剧《权力的游戏》（Game of Thrones）中的台词提到：My father has donned the ancient crown of salt and rock 我父亲已戴上海盐与磐石的古老王冠。

Wilmore and Williams, experienced astronauts and former Navy pilots, have both maintained an even keel about their saga.

作为经验丰富的宇航员和前海军飞行员，威尔莫尔和威廉姆斯在漫长等待中始终保持镇定。

even keel是一个习语，字面意思是“平稳的龙骨”，引申为“情绪稳定”、“心态平和”或“保持冷静”。在这句话中，它用来形容两位宇航员在面对复杂或困难的情况时，依然保持冷静和镇定的态度。举个🌰：Despite the chaos around her, she managed to stay on an even keel. 尽管周围一片混乱，她依然保持冷静。

saga /ˈsɑːɡə/ 1）表示“（通常指负面的）系列事件，一长串事件”，英文解释为“a long complicated series of related, usually negative, events”举个🌰：It was just another episode in the ongoing saga of their marriage problems. 这只是他们层出不穷的婚姻问题中的又一个插曲。

2）表示“长篇故事”，英文解释为“a long story about past events over a long period of time”举个🌰：Her new novel is a lengthy and compelling family saga. 她最新的一部小说是一个篇幅宏大、扣人心弦的家族传奇。

“Don't remind me, this might be my last flight” to the ISS, Williams said during a recent briefing with reporters. “That's a little sad.” 

“不必刻意提醒，这可能是最后一次造访空间站，”威廉姆斯在近期记者会上说，“想到这个，确实有些伤感。”

The two Starliner astronauts, as well as Hague and Gorbunov, will travel back to Earth aboard the SpaceX Crew Dragon craft that arrived at the ISS back in September. NASA officials recently said they decided to move up the astronauts' return date, in part, because weather conditions were more favorable than later in the week.

两位星际客机飞船宇航员以及黑格和戈尔布诺夫乘坐去年9月抵达国际空间站的SpaceX载人龙飞船返回地球。美国宇航局官员最近表示，选择较原计划提前返航窗口，部分原因是天气条件比本周晚些时候更有利。

美式 favorable 英式 favourable /ˈfeɪ.vər.ə.bəl/ 表示“有利的；有助益的”，英文解释为“giving you an advantage or more chance of success”如：favourable weather conditions 有利的天气条件。

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