人的身高70%取决于父母？
LearnAndRecord约 10 分钟有医生表示，一个人的终身高70%取决于遗传，30%受后天环境影响。
🤔️小作业：
1. What can be reasonably inferred about the health environments in north-western and central Europe?
A) They are less affected by genetic differences among individuals.
B) They have significantly higher rates of childhood obesity.
C) They provide more consistent access to adequate nutrition.
D) They focus primarily on nutrition for adolescents.
无注释原文：
Poor diet: Children 20cm shorter as a result, analysis says
From: BBC
Poor diets for school-age children may contribute to an average height gap of 20cm (7.9in) between the tallest and shortest nations, an analysis suggests.
It reports that in 2019 the tallest 19-year-old boys lived in the Netherlands (183.8cm or 6ft) and the shortest lived in Timor Leste (160.1cm or 5ft 3in).
Meanwhile the UK's global height ranking fell, with 19-year-old boys being 39th tallest in 2019 (1.78m or 5ft 10in) from 28th tallest in 1985.
The study appears in The Lancet.
Researchers say tracking changes in the height and weight of children across the world and over time is important because they can reflect the quality of nutrition available, and how healthy environments are for young people.
The team analysed data from more than 65 million children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years from more than 2000 studies between 1985 and 2019.
They found that in 2019, on average, children and teenagers in north-western and central Europe were the tallest in the world. Meanwhile, the 19-year-olds who were on average the shortest lived in South and South-East Asia, Latin America and East Africa.
The analysis suggests that in 2019:
On average, 19-year-old boys in Laos were the same height (162.8cm or 5ft 4in) as 13-year old boys in the Netherlands.
At 19 years old, girls in Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal and Timor Leste were the same average height as 11-year-old Dutch girls (about 152cm or 5ft).
In the UK, 19-year-old boys had an average height of 178.2cm (5ft 10in), and girls 163.9cm (5ft 5in).
The largest improvements in the average height for children over the last 35 years were seen in China and South Korea.
But in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, average heights remained unchanged or reduced since 1985.
While researchers acknowledge that genetics play an important part in individual children's height and weight, they say when it comes to the health of entire populations, nutrition and the environment are key.
They also argue that global nutrition policies overwhelmingly focus on under-fives, but suggest their study shows more attention needs to be paid to the growth patterns of older children.
Dr Andrea Rodriguez Martinez from Imperial College London, one of the lead researchers, said healthy weights and heights in childhood and adolescence have lifelong benefits for people's wellbeing.
- ◆ -
注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Poor diet: Children 20cm shorter as a result, analysis says
From: BBC
Poor diets for school-age children may contribute to an average height gap of 20cm (7.9in) between the tallest and shortest nations, an analysis suggests.
研究显示，在儿童和青少年阶段饮食不良，平均身高可能会比其他的同龄人矮20公分。
in
inch的缩写表示“英寸”，英文解释为“If the ball is in during a game of tennis or a similar sport, it has not gone outside the edges of the area on which the game is played.”
It reports that in 2019 the tallest 19-year-old boys lived in the Netherlands (183.8cm or 6ft) and the shortest lived in Timor Leste (160.1cm or 5ft 3in).
2019年的全球调查发现，荷兰19岁男孩平均身高达183.8公分，为全球最高，东帝汶19岁男孩平均身高只有160.1公分，为全球最矮。
ft
foot的缩写，表示“英尺”，英文解释为“written abbreviation for foot ”举个🌰：The main bedroom measures 24 ft by 18 ft (24' x 18'). 主卧室长24英尺，宽18英尺。
Meanwhile the UK's global height ranking fell, with 19-year-old boys being 39th tallest in 2019 (1.78m or 5ft 10in) from 28th tallest in 1985.
英国19岁男孩平均身高为178公分，全球排名第39位，比1985年的调查全球排名第28位有所下滑。
The study appears in The Lancet.
这个调查结果在医学刊物《柳叶刀》（The Lancet）上面发表。
Lancet
lancet /ˈlɑːn.sɪt/ 表示“（医生用的）柳叶刀，小刀”，英文解释为“a small knife with two cutting edges and a sharp point that a doctor uses when cutting the skin”
the Lancet 表示“（英国医学刊物）《柳叶刀》”，英文解释为“a British professional journal published every week containing articles about all areas of medicine”
Researchers say tracking changes in the height and weight of children across the world and over time is important because they can reflect the quality of nutrition available, and how healthy environments are for young people.
研究人员表示，长时间追踪调查全球各地儿童和青少年的身高和体重变化非常重要，因为这个数据能反映出不同地方的儿童和青少年的饮食营养情况，以及他们生活的环境对健康的影响。
track
track /træk/ 作名词，表示“（录制在CD、唱片或磁带上的）一首歌曲；一首乐曲”，英文解释为“A track is one of the songs or pieces of music on a CD, record, or tape.”
也可表示“音轨，声道”，英文解释为“a part of a magnetic strip onto which sound can be recorded, with several tracks on one magnetic strip”举个🌰：I only like two of the ten tracks on this CD. 我只喜欢这张CD上的10首歌曲中的2首。
📍周末多睡2小时抑郁风险降低48%文中作动词，1）表示“跟踪，追踪”，英文解释为“to follow a person or animal by looking for proof that they have been somewhere, or by using electronic equipment”
2）表示“追踪，记录…的进展”，英文解释为“to record the progress or development of something over a period”举个🌰：We continued tracking the plane on our radar. 我们继续用雷达追踪那架飞机。
🎬 电影《博物馆奇妙夜3》（Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb）中的台词提到：You're sort of set up to track my phone? You track my phone? 你装定位追踪我的手机？你竟然追踪我的手机？
nutrition
nutrition /njuːˈtrɪʃ.ən/ 表示“营养物质；营养，滋养；营养学”，英文解释为“the substances that you take into your body as food and the way that they influence your health”举个🌰：Good nutrition is essential if patients are to make a quick recovery. 病人如果要迅速康复，必须补足营养。
The team analysed data from more than 65 million children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 years from more than 2000 studies between 1985 and 2019.
包括伦敦帝国学院（Imperial College London）在内的研究团队分析了1985至2019年之间超过2000件不同的研究结果，包含的数据量多达6500万名5至19岁的儿童和青少年。
adolescent
adolescent /ˌædəˈlesnt/ 作名词，表示“青少年”，英文解释为“a young person who is developing into an adult”
作形容词，表示“青春期的；青少年的”，英文解释为“being or relating to an adolescent”如：an adolescent boy 青春期的男孩；也可以指“（成年人或其行为）孩子气的，幼稚的”，英文解释为“used to describe an adult or an adult's behaviour that is silly and like a child's”如：adolescent humour/behaviour 孩子气的幽默/幼稚的举止。
They found that in 2019, on average, children and teenagers in north-western and central Europe were the tallest in the world. Meanwhile, the 19-year-olds who were on average the shortest lived in South and South-East Asia, Latin America and East Africa.
他们发现在2019年，欧洲西北和中部的儿童和青少年平均身高全球最高，而南亚、东南亚、拉丁美洲和东非等地方的19岁青少年平均身高全球最矮。
The analysis suggests that in 2019:
调查结果表明，在2019年：
On average, 19-year-old boys in Laos were the same height (162.8cm or 5ft 4in) as 13-year old boys in the Netherlands.
老挝的19岁青少年平均身高为162.8公分，相当于荷兰的13岁男孩的身高。
At 19 years old, girls in Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal and Timor Leste were the same average height as 11-year-old Dutch girls (about 152cm or 5ft).
危地马拉、孟加拉、尼泊尔和东帝汶的19岁女孩平均身高为152公分，相当于荷兰的11岁女孩。
In the UK, 19-year-old boys had an average height of 178.2cm (5ft 10in), and girls 163.9cm (5ft 5in).
英国的19岁男孩平均身高178.2公分，19岁女孩平均身高163.9公分。
The largest improvements in the average height for children over the last 35 years were seen in China and South Korea.
在过去的35年之间，儿童和青少年平均身高增长最多的国家是中国和韩国。
But in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, average heights remained unchanged or reduced since 1985.
但是在许多撒哈拉沙漠以南的非洲国家，儿童和青少年的平均身高自从1985年以来就没有增长，只是持平，甚至变矮。
While researchers acknowledge that genetics play an important part in individual children's height and weight, they say when it comes to the health of entire populations, nutrition and the environment are key.
研究人员表示，遗传基因虽然是决定一个人身高体重的极为重要的因素，但如果是以整个国家人口的健康来衡量，饮食营养和环境就非常重要。
genetics
genetics /dʒəˈnet.ɪks/ 表示“遗传学”，英文解释为“the study of how, in all living things, the characteristics and qualities of parents are given to their children by their genes”
genetic /dʒəˈnet.ɪk/ 表示“基因的；遗传信息的”，英文解释为“belonging or relating to genes (= parts of the DNA in cells) received by each animal or plant from its parents”如：a genetic defect/disease 基因缺陷/遗传性疾病。
They also argue that global nutrition policies overwhelmingly focus on under-fives, but suggest their study shows more attention needs to be paid to the growth patterns of older children.
研究人员还表示，全球的饮食营养关注焦点过多集中在5岁以下的幼儿，但青春期前的儿童，以及青少年阶段的饮食营养和成长形态也需要更多关注。
overwhelmingly
overwhelmingly /ˌoʊvərˈwelmɪŋli/ 表示“压倒性地；不可抵抗地”，英文解释为“strongly or completely; in an overwhelming way”举个🌰：The team were overwhelmingly defeated in yesterday's game. 在昨天的比赛中这支球队遭遇了惨败。
Dr Andrea Rodriguez Martinez from Imperial College London, one of the lead researchers, said healthy weights and heights in childhood and adolescence have lifelong benefits for people's wellbeing.
这项研究的其中一个主要研究人员，伦敦帝国学院的马汀内斯表示，儿童和青少年期间有健康的体重和身高对他们以后的一生都有重要帮助。
- 词汇盘点 -
- 词汇助记 By DeepSeek -
A Lancet study tracked adolescent height (5.8 ft avg) in relation to genetics vs. nutrition. Data showed overwhelmingly (85%) genes drive growth, yet balanced diets still matter.
LearnAndRecord
2015年2月8日
2025年4月6日
第3711天
每天持续行动学外语