「Part 12」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord2025年04月13日约 20 分钟

此报告以本次大会最后审议通过并由新华社公布的文本为准。The official version of this report will be released by Xinhua News Agency.

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（三）深入实施科教兴国战略，提升国家创新体系整体效能。

Fully implementing the strategy of invigorating China through science and education and boosting the overall performance of China's innovation system

注：

科教兴国战略

the strategy of invigorating China through science and education

国家创新体系整体效能

the overall performance of China's innovation system

📍invigorate /ɪnˈvɪɡ.ər.eɪt/ 表示“使精力充沛，使活跃”，英文解释为“to make someone feel fresher, healthier, and more energetic”举个🌰：We were invigorated by our walk. 散步使我们精神焕发。

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 9：（二）深入实施科教兴国战略，强化高质量发展的基础支撑。2. Invigorating China through science and education and consolidating the foundations for high-quality development

二十大报告Part 19：深入实施科教兴国战略、人才强国战略、创新驱动发展战略，We will fully implement the strategy for invigorating China through science and education, the workforce development strategy, and the innovation-driven development strategy.

📍2024年政府工作报告首次将教育、科技、人才问题统合为一体论述，强调要深入实施科教兴国战略，强化高质量发展的基础支撑。（2018-2023年政府工作报告均未提及科教兴国）

坚持创新引领发展，一体推进教育发展、科技创新、人才培养，筑牢中国式现代化的基础性、战略性支撑。

We should stay committed to innovation-driven development and make integrated progress in education, scientific and technological innovation, and talent cultivation, so as to consolidate the foundational and strategic underpinning for Chinese modernization.

注：

坚持

stay committed to

创新引领发展

innovation-driven development

科技创新

scientific and technological innovation

人才培养

talent cultivation

基础性、战略性支撑

the foundational and strategic underpinning

加快建设高质量教育体系。

We will move faster to build a high-quality education system.

注：

建设高质量教育体系

build a high-quality education system

制定实施教育强国建设三年行动计划。

A three-year action plan for strengthening education will be drawn up and implemented.

注：

教育（强国）建设三年行动计划

a three-year action plan for strengthening education

教育强国建设规划纲要

a national program for strengthening education

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：制定实施教育强国建设规划纲要。We will formulate and implement a national program for strengthening education.

全面实施新时代立德树人工程，推进大中小学思政课一体化改革创新。

The project of fostering virtue through education in the new era will be fully carried out, and integrated reforms and new approaches will be adopted in the political education curriculum at all levels, from elementary school to university.

注：

新时代立德树人工程

the project of fostering virtue through education in the new era

立德树人

foster virtue through education

思政课

the political education curriculum

一体化改革创新

adopt integrated reforms and new approaches

大中小学

at all levels, from elementary school to university

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：落实立德树人根本任务，推进大中小学思想政治教育一体化建设。We will carry out the fundamental task of fostering virtue through education and promote integrated development of the political education curriculum across all levels, from elementary school to university.

2022年报告Part 17：落实立德树人根本任务。We will ensure that education performs its fundamental mission of fostering virtue.

二十大报告Part 19：全面贯彻党的教育方针，落实立德树人根本任务，We will fully implement the Party's educational policy, carry out the basic task of fostering virtue through education,

深入实施基础教育扩优提质工程，健全与人口变化相适应的资源统筹调配机制。

We will continue to upgrade basic education and develop sound mechanisms for coordinating the allocation of educational resources in response to demographic changes.

注：

基础教育扩优提质

upgrade basic education

与人口变化相适应

in response to demographic changes

（教育）资源统筹调配机制

mechanisms for coordinating the allocation of educational resources

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：开展基础教育扩优提质行动，We will launch an initiative to upgrade basic education,

加强义务教育学校标准化建设，推动义务教育优质均衡发展，

We will see that compulsory education schools meet educational standards and promote high-quality, well-balanced development of compulsory education.

注：

义务教育学校

compulsory education schools

义务教育

compulsory education

推动优质均衡发展

promote high-quality, well-balanced development

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：加快义务教育优质均衡发展和城乡一体化，accelerate high-quality, well-balanced development and urban-rural integration of compulsory education

扩大高中阶段教育学位供给，提升县域高中质量，逐步推行免费学前教育。

We will increase the supply of senior secondary school places, enhance the quality of county high schools, and promote free preschool education in a phased way.

注：

扩大高中阶段教育学位供给

increase the supply of senior secondary school places

县域高中

county high schools

逐步

in a phased way

推行免费学前教育

promote free preschool education

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：推动学前教育普惠发展，加强县域普通高中建设。We will enhance public-interest preschool education and promote the development of regular county high schools.

办好特殊教育、继续教育、专门教育，引导规范民办教育发展。

We will improve special needs education, continuing education, and specialized education and guide and regulate the development of private education.

注：

特殊教育

special needs education

继续教育

continuing education

专门教育

specialized education

民办教育

private education

引导规范

guide and regulate

📍近年来政府工作报告中首次提到“专门教育”。专门教育是国民教育体系的组成部分，针对有严重不良行为的未成年人进行教育和矫治的重要保护处分措施。

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：办好特殊教育、继续教育，引导规范民办教育发展，大力提高职业教育质量。 We will improve special needs education and continuing education, guide and regulate the development of private education, and redouble efforts to improve vocational education.

推进职普融通、产教融合，增强职业教育适应性。

We will advance integrated development of vocational education and general education as well as collaboration between industries and schools to help make vocational education more adaptable.

注：

推进职普融通

advance integrated development of vocational education and general education

职业教育

vocational education

普通教育

general education

产教融合

collaboration between industries and schools

增强职业教育适应性

make vocational education more adaptable

📍职普融通是指职业教育与普通教育两种教育类型之间的相互融通。

📍产教融合：产业与教学密切结合。

分类推进高校改革，扎实推进优质本科扩容，加快“双一流”建设，完善学科设置调整机制和人才培养模式。

We will move ahead with reforms of higher education institutions on a categorized basis, take solid steps to expand quality undergraduate education, accelerate the development of world-class universities and academic disciplines, and refine the mechanisms for discipline adjustment and talent training models.

注：

高校

higher education institutions

分类

on a categorized basis

推进

move ahead with

扎实推进

take solid steps to

优质本科扩容

expand quality undergraduate education

“双一流”

world-class universities and academic disciplines / world-class universities and world-class disciplines

完善学科设置调整机制

refine the mechanisms for discipline adjustment

人才培养模式

talent training models

「类似表述对比」

2018年报告Part 18：加快“双一流”建设，act faster to develop world-class universities and world-class disciplines,

积极开展学校体育活动，普及心理健康教育，关爱师生身心健康。

We will vigorously carry out physical education activities in schools, ensure access to mental health education, and show concern for the physical and mental wellbeing of students and teachers.

注：

学校体育活动

physical education activities in schools

普及心理健康教育

ensure access to mental health education

心理健康教育

mental health education

关爱师生身心健康

show concern for the physical and mental wellbeing of students and teachers

弘扬教育家精神，建设高素质专业化教师队伍，加强师德师风建设和教师待遇保障。

We will promote the ethos of educators, train high-caliber professional teachers, enhance their professional integrity and conduct, and ensure full payment of teachers' salaries and benefits.

注：

弘扬教育家精神

promote the ethos of educators

高素质专业化教师队伍

high-caliber professional teachers

加强师德师风建设

enhance the professional integrity and conduct of teachers

教师待遇

teachers' salaries and benefits

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：弘扬教育家精神，建设高素质专业化教师队伍。 We will promote the ethos of educators and see that teachers are professionally competent.

二十大报告Part 19：加强师德师风建设，培养高素质教师队伍，弘扬尊师重教社会风尚。We will strengthen the professional integrity, conduct, and ability of our teachers, foster public respect for educators, and encourage public support for education.

要紧紧围绕国家需求和群众关切推进教育改革发展，加快从教育大国向教育强国迈进。

We will press ahead with educational reform and development to meet our country's needs and address people's concerns, and move faster to transform China from a large educational country to an educational powerhouse.

注：

围绕国家需求和群众关切

meet our country's needs and address people's concerns

推进教育改革发展

press ahead with educational reform and development

教育大国

a large educational country

教育强国

an educational powerhouse

推进高水平科技自立自强。

We will improve self-reliance and strength in science and technology.

注：

推进（高水平）科技自立自强

improve self-reliance and strength in science and technology

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：加快推动高水平科技自立自强。We will move faster to boost self-reliance and strength in science and technology.

充分发挥新型举国体制优势，强化关键核心技术攻关和前沿性、颠覆性技术研发，加快组织实施和超前布局重大科技项目。

We will fully leverage the strengths of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide to intensify the push for breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields and R&D advancements in frontier and disruptive technologies, and accelerate implementation of and forward-looking planning for major science and technology projects.

注：

充分发挥

fully leverage

新型举国体制优势

the strengths of the new system for mobilizing resources nationwide

强化关键核心技术攻关

intensify the push for breakthroughs in core technologies in key fields

关键核心技术

core technologies in key fields

前沿性、颠覆性技术

frontier and disruptive technologies

研发

R&D

重大科技项目

major science and technology projects

加快组织实施

accelerate implementation of

超前布局

forward-looking planning for

优化国家战略科技力量布局，推进科研院所改革，探索国家实验室新型科研组织模式，增强国际和区域科技创新中心辐射带动能力。

To optimize the layout of China's strategic scientific and technological resources, we will advance the reform of research institutes, explore new research organization models for national laboratories, and enable international and regional centers for scientific and technological innovation to better play a guiding role.

注：

国家战略科技力量布局

the layout of China's strategic scientific and technological resources

科研院所

research institutes

新型科研组织模式

new research organization models

国际和区域科技创新中心

international and regional centers for scientific and technological innovation

增强辐射带动能力-->更好发挥带动作用

better play a guiding role

推动科技支出向基础研究倾斜，完善竞争性支持和稳定支持相结合的投入机制，

A greater share of science and technology expenditures will be allocated to basic research, and investment mechanisms will be refined to include both competition-based support and stable funding.

注：

的

科技支出

science and technology expenditures

基础研究

basic research

……向……倾斜

A greater share of … will be allocated to …

竞争性支持

competition-based support

稳定支持

stable funding

完善投入机制

refine investment mechanisms

📍竞争性支持是指通过竞争机制来分配资源的一种方式。通常涉及申请、评审、筛选等环节，最终只有部分申请者能够获得支持。

📍稳定支持是指为特定对象提供持续、稳定的资金支持或其他形式的扶持。这种支持通常不依赖于竞争结果，而是基于一定的标准或条件。

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 11：额度分配向项目准备充分、投资效率较高的地区倾斜。These funds will be weighted toward regions where projects are well-prepared and investments are more effective.

2024年报告Part 7：中央财政加大对地方均衡性转移支付力度、适当向困难地区倾斜，The central government will increase transfer payments to local governments for ensuring equal access to basic public services, which will appropriately tilt toward regions facing economic difficulty.

提高基础研究组织化程度。

Steps will also be taken to adopt a more organized approach to basic research.

注：

提高组织化程度

adopt a more organized approach

基础研究

basic research

发挥科技领军企业龙头作用，加强企业主导的产学研深度融合，从制度上保障企业参与国家科技创新决策、承担重大科技项目。

We will fully leverage the pacesetting role of leading high-tech enterprises, bolster enterprise-led collaboration between industries, universities, and research institutes, and provide institutional support for enterprises to participate in national decision-making on scientific and technological innovation and undertake major science and technology projects.

注：

科技领军企业

leading high-tech enterprises

发挥龙头作用

fully leverage the pacesetting role

产学研（深度）融合

collaboration between industries, universities, and research institutes

参与国家科技创新决策

participate in national decision-making on scientific and technological innovation

从制度上保障-->提供制度性支持

provide institutional support

承担重大科技项目

undertake major science and technology projects

完善中央财政科技经费分配和管理使用机制。

The allocation, management, and utilization of central government research funds will be improved.

注：

中央财政科技经费

central government research funds

分配和管理使用

allocation, management, and utilization

健全科技成果转化支持政策和市场服务，推进职务科技成果赋权和资产单列管理改革，

We will refine supporting policies and market services for applying scientific and technological advances and push forward reforms to grant researchers corresponding rights over their scientific and technological outputs produced on the job and place these outputs under separate management.

注：

科技成果转化（应用科技成果）

apply scientific and technological advances

支持政策和市场服务

supporting policies and market services

职务科技成果赋权

grant researchers corresponding rights over their scientific and technological outputs produced on the job

单列管理

under separate management

📍职务科技成果赋权是指通过法律或政策手段，将原本归属于单位的职务科技成果所有权或长期使用权部分赋予科研人员，以激发创新活力并促进成果转化。

‌📍职务科技成果资产单列管理‌是指将职务科技成果从一般国有资产中剥离出来，单独形成一套符合科技成果转化规律的管理模式。

提升科技成果转化效能。

These steps will ensure more efficient application of scientific and technological advances.

注：

科技成果

scientific and technological advances

提升转化效能-->确保更有效的应用

ensure more efficient application

加强知识产权保护和运用。加快概念验证、中试验证和行业共性技术平台建设。

We will strengthen the protection and application of intellectual property rights and work faster to set up proof-of-concept, pilot-scale testing, and industrial generic technology platforms.

注：

知识产权

intellectual property rights

知识产权保护和运用

the protection and application of intellectual property rights

概念验证

proof-of-concept

中试验证

pilot-scale testing

行业共性技术平台

industrial generic technology platforms

‌📍概念验证（Proof of Concept，POC）‌是对某些想法的一个较短而不完整的实现，旨在证明其可行性并示范其原理。具体过程包括从技术、市场、产业等多个维度对科技成果进行验证。

📍中试验证是产品在大规模量产前的较小规模试验，连接实验室研发与工业化生产，通过模拟实际生产环境验证技术方案的可行性。

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：加快重大科技基础设施体系化布局，推进共性技术平台、中试验证平台建设。We will speed up the systematic planning of major scientific and technological infrastructure and promote the development of generic technology platforms and pilot-scale testing platforms.

健全创投基金差异化监管制度，强化政策性金融支持，加快发展创业投资、壮大耐心资本。

We will refine the differentiated oversight system for venture capital funds and provide greater policy-backed financial support to accelerate the development of venture capital investment and the growth of patient capital.

注：

创投基金

venture capital funds

差异化监管制度

the differentiated oversight system

强化政策性金融支持

provide greater policy-backed financial support

创业投资

venture capital investment

耐心资本

patient capital

扩大科技开放合作。

Opening up and cooperation will be expanded in the science and technology sector.

注：

开放合作

opening up and cooperation

加强科学普及工作，提升公民科学素质。

Initiatives to promote scientific knowledge will be advanced to improve scientific literacy among the public.

注：

科学普及工作

initiatives to promote scientific knowledge

提升公民科学素质

improve scientific literacy among the public

科学素质

scientific literacy

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：广泛开展科学普及。Extensive efforts will be made to raise science literacy among the public.

2023年报告Part 14：深入推进全民阅读。支持文化产业发展。加强国家科普能力建设。We continued to foster a love of reading among our people, supported the development of the cultural sector, and promoted scientific literacy.

二十大报告Part 24：加强国家科普能力建设，深化全民阅读活动。We will increase people's knowledge of science and encourage everyone to read.

弘扬科学家精神，推动形成鼓励探索、宽容失败的创新环境。

We will nurture dedication to science and strive to create an enabling environment for innovation that encourages exploration and tolerates failure.

注：

弘扬科学家精神

nurture dedication to science / emulate the dedication of our nation's

scientists

鼓励探索、宽容失败

encourage exploration and tolerate failure

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 10：培育创新文化，弘扬科学家精神，涵养优良学风。We will foster a culture of innovation, emulate the dedication of our nation's scientists, and promote fine academic conduct.

二十大报告Part 19：培育创新文化，弘扬科学家精神，涵养优良学风，营造创新氛围。We will nurture a culture of innovation, encourage dedication to science, cultivate fine academic conduct, and foster an enabling environment for innovation.

全面提高人才队伍质量。

We will enhance the overall caliber of talent.

注：

全面提高人才队伍质量

enhance the overall caliber of talent

人才队伍质量

the caliber of talent

发挥人才高地和人才平台的辐射作用，加快建设国家战略人才力量，加强拔尖创新人才、重点领域急需紧缺人才和高技能人才培养。

Giving full play to the leading role of talent hubs and platforms, we will work faster to foster talent with expertise of strategic importance for our country and redouble efforts to nurture top-tier innovators, urgently needed personnel in key areas, and highly-skilled workers.

注：

人才高地和人才平台

talent hubs and platforms

发挥……的辐射作用

give full play to the leading role of …

建设国家战略人才（力量）

foster talent with expertise of strategic importance for our country

拔尖创新人才

top-tier innovators

重点领域急需紧缺人才

urgently needed personnel in key areas

高技能人才

highly-skilled workers

大力支持、大胆使用青年科技人才。

Young scientists and engineers should be given strong support and important responsibilities.

注：

青年科技人才-->青年科学家、工程师

Young scientists and engineers

大胆使用人才-->赋予人才重要职责/责任

be given important responsibilities

弘扬工匠精神，建设一流产业技术工人队伍。

We will call for the pursuit of superior workmanship and develop a first-rate industrial technical workforce.

注：

弘扬工匠精神

call for the pursuit of superior workmanship

工匠精神

the pursuit of superior workmanship

一流产业技术工人队伍

a first-rate industrial technical workforce

「类似表述对比」

2021年报告Part 12：弘扬工匠精神，以精工细作提升中国制造品质。We will champion the pursuit of fine workmanship to boost the quality of Chinese manufacturing.

完善海外引进人才支持保障机制，优化外籍人才服务。

We will also improve the support mechanisms for talent recruited from overseas and provide better services for foreign professionals.

注：

海外引进人才

talent recruited from overseas

优化外籍人才服务

provide better services for foreign professionals

外籍人才

foreign professionals

深化人才管理和使用制度改革，赋予用人单位更大自主权，推动产学研人才联合培养和交流。

We will deepen institutional reforms to grant employers greater decision-making power over personnel management and appointments and encourage joint training and personnel exchanges between industries, universities, and research institutes.

注：

赋予用人单位更大自主权

grant employers greater decision-making power

人才管理和使用

personnel management and appointments

产学研人才联合培养和交流

joint training and personnel exchanges between industries, universities, and research institutes

产学研

industries, universities, and research institutes

促进人才区域合理布局，加强东中西部人才协作，鼓励优秀人才在中西部地区建功立业。

We will improve the distribution of talent across regions, foster closer personnel collaboration between the eastern, central, and western regions, and encourage outstanding personnel to pursue successful careers in the central and western regions.

注：

促进人才区域合理布局

improve the distribution of talent across region

人才区域布局

the distribution of talent across region

东中西部人才协作

personnel collaboration between the eastern, central, and western regions

优秀人才

outstanding personnel

建功立业

pursue successful careers

深化人才分类评价改革和科教界“帽子”治理，

We will further reform category-based personnel assessments and address the issue of coveting honorary titles in the scientific and educational sectors.

注：

人才分类评价

category-based personnel assessments

科教界

the scientific and educational sectors

“帽子”治理

address the issue of coveting honorary titles

‌📍“帽子”治理是指对科研界推出的人才项目和学术称号进行治理，旨在优化科研评价体系，激励人才潜心钻研、厚积薄发。

建立以创新能力、质量、实效、贡献为导向的人才评价体系，

We will put in place a personnel assessment system based on innovation-related capability, performance, outcomes, and contributions.

注：

人才评价体系

a personnel assessment system

创新能力、质量、实效、贡献

innovation-related capability, performance, outcomes, and contributions

鼓励各类人才潜心钻研、厚积薄发。

All this will help encourage personnel of all types to devote themselves to research, build solid foundations, and strive for excellence.

注：

潜心钻研、厚积薄发

devote themselves to research, build solid foundations, and strive for excellence

「类似表述对比」

2022年报告Part 12：加大对青年科研人员支持力度，让各类人才潜心钻研、尽展其能。provide more support to young researchers, and encourage outstanding people of all types to devote themselves to research and realize their full potential.

「未完待续」

「Part 1」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 2」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 3」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 4」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 5」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 6」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 7」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 8」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 9」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 10」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 11」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版