「Part 13」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

LearnAndRecord2025年04月20日约 15 分钟

此报告以本次大会最后审议通过并由新华社公布的文本为准。The official version of this report will be released by Xinhua News Agency.

- 推荐小程序 -

「学英语打卡」

↓↓↓ 随时随地啃报告 ↓↓↓

（四）推动标志性改革举措加快落地，更好发挥经济体制改革牵引作用。

4. Accelerating the implementation of landmark reform measures and better leveraging the leading role of economic structural reform

注：

标志性改革举措

landmark reform measures

（举措）落地

implementation

发挥牵引作用

leverage the leading role

经济体制改革牵引作用

the leading role of economic structural reform

扎实推进重点领域改革，着力破除制约发展的体制机制障碍，创造更加公平、更有活力的市场环境。

We should take solid steps to promote reform in key areas, remove institutional barriers impeding development, and foster a fairer and more dynamic market environment.

注：

扎实

take solid steps to

推进重点领域改革

promote reform in key areas

制约发展的体制机制障碍

institutional barriers impeding development

创造更加公平、更有活力的市场环境

foster a fairer and more dynamic market environment

有活力的

dynamic

「类似表述对比」

2023年报告Part 16：发展仍有不少体制机制障碍。There are still many institutional barriers hindering development.

2020年报告Part 10：困难挑战越大，越要深化改革，破除体制机制障碍，激发内生发展动力。The greater the difficulties and challenges we face, the more important it is for us to go further in reform, get rid of institutional barriers, and boost internal forces driving development.

有效激发各类经营主体活力。

We will make effective moves to stimulate the vitality of market entities.

注：

有效

make effective moves to

激发各类经营主体活力

stimulate the vitality of market entities

经营主体

market entities

坚持和落实“两个毫不动摇”。

We will stay committed to both unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector and unswervingly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector.

注：

“两个毫不动摇”

both unswervingly consolidating and developing the public sector and unswervingly encouraging, supporting, and guiding the development of the non-public sector

📍“两个毫不动摇”：毫不动摇巩固和发展公有制经济，毫不动摇鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展。

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 12：要不断完善落实“两个毫不动摇”的体制机制， We will work unswervingly both to consolidate and develop the public sector and to encourage, support, and guide development of the non-public sector.

2023年报告Part 8：坚持“两个毫不动摇”。We upheld and improved China’s fundamental socialist economic systems and worked unswervingly both to consolidate and develop the public sector and to encourage, support, and guide development of the non-public sector.

2019年报告Part 17：坚持“两个毫不动摇”，鼓励、支持、引导非公有制经济发展。We will uphold the “two no irresolutions” principle, and encourage, support, and guide the development of the non-public sector.

2018年报告Part 13：坚持“两个毫不动摇”，There will be no irresolution about consolidating and developing the public sector and no irresolution about encouraging, supporting, and guiding non-public sector development;

高质量完成国有企业改革深化提升行动，实施国有经济布局优化和结构调整指引，加快建立国有企业履行战略使命评价制度。

We will complete initiatives to deepen and upgrade SOE reform to high standards, implement guidelines on refining the layout and adjusting structure of the state-owned sector, and move faster to establish a system to assess SOEs' performance in fulfilling their strategic missions.

注：

国有企业改革深化提升行动

initiatives to deepen and upgrade SOE reform

国有经济

the state-owned sector

布局优化和结构调整

refine the layout and adjust structure

国有企业履行战略使命评价制度

a system to assess SOEs' performance in fulfilling their strategic missions

国有企业

state-owned enterprises (SOEs)

扎扎实实落实促进民营经济发展的法律法规和政策措施，切实依法保护民营企业和民营企业家合法权益，鼓励有条件的民营企业建立完善中国特色现代企业制度。

We will take solid steps to implement laws, regulations, policies, and measures designed to spur the growth of the private sector, effectively protect the lawful rights and interests of private enterprises and entrepreneurs in accordance with the law, and encourage private enterprises with appropriate conditions to institute and refine modern corporate systems with distinctive Chinese features.

注：

扎扎实实

take solid steps

促进民营经济发展

spur the growth of the private sector

法律法规和政策措施

laws, regulations, policies, and measures

民营企业和民营企业家

private enterprises and entrepreneurs

有条件的民营企业

private enterprises with appropriate conditions

合法权益

the lawful rights and interests

依法

in accordance with the law

中国特色现代企业制度

modern corporate systems with distinctive Chinese features

建立和完善（制度）

institute and refine

加力推进清理拖欠企业账款工作，强化源头治理和失信惩戒，落实解决拖欠企业账款问题长效机制。

To ensure that overdue payments owed to enterprises are settled, we will intensify efforts to tackle this issue at the source, take stronger punitive actions against those who act in bad faith, and implement long-term mechanisms to address this issue.

注：

拖欠企业账款

overdue payments owed to enterprises

源头治理

tackle this issue at the source

（强化）失信惩戒

take stronger punitive actions against those who act in bad faith

（落实）长效机制

(implement) long-term mechanisms

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 12：健全防范化解拖欠企业账款长效机制，improve the long-term mechanism for preventing and settling overdue payments owed to private businesses,

2024年报告Part 3：开展清理拖欠企业账款专项行动，加强违规收费整治。 Special initiatives were launched to settle overdue payments owed to enterprises, and intensified efforts were made to end unjustified charges.

2022年报告Part 10：要加大拖欠中小企业账款清理力度，We will intensify efforts to get outstanding payments owed to small and medium enterprises cleared.

深化政企常态化沟通交流，切实帮助企业解决实际困难和问题。

The government will engage in regular communication with enterprises to help resolve their practical difficulties and problems.

注：

常态化沟通交流

regular communication

实际困难和问题

practical difficulties and problems

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 3：分别推出支持国有企业、民营企业、外资企业发展政策，建立政企常态化沟通交流机制，We adopted separate policies on supporting the development of SOEs, private enterprises, and foreign-funded enterprises, and put in place a mechanism for regular government-business communication.

2019年报告Part 17：构建亲清新型政商关系，健全政企沟通机制，We will foster a new type of cordial and clean relationship between government and business, improve mechanisms for their communication,

多措并举精准支持个体工商户发展。

We will also take a wide range of targeted measures to support self-employed individuals in pursuing business development.

注：

个体工商户

self-employed individuals

支持个体工商户发展

support self-employed individuals in pursuing business development

多措并举

take a wide range of measures

精准

targeted

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 17：多措并举稳就业促增收。We will take a wide range of steps to stabilize employment and increase incomes.

2023年报告Part 2：针对有效需求不足的突出矛盾，多措并举扩投资促消费稳外贸。To address lack of effective demand, we adopted a combination of measures to expand investment, stimulate consumption, and stabilize foreign trade.

2021年报告Part 14：多措并举稳定外贸。We will adopt a package of steps to stabilize foreign trade.

2020年报告Part 12：要多措并举扩消费，适应群众多元化需求。We will apply a combination of measures to boost consumption and meet diverse demand among consumers.

2019年报告Part 14：多措并举促进城乡居民增收，增强消费能力。We will use a combination of measures to increase urban and rural personal incomes and boost capacity for consumption.

开展规范涉企执法专项行动，集中整治乱收费、乱罚款、乱检查、乱查封，

Special initiatives will be launched to regulate enterprise-related law enforcement, with a focus on tackling arbitrary charges, fines, inspections, and seizures.

注：

涉企执法

enterprise-related law enforcement

专项行动

special initiatives

整治乱收费、乱罚款、乱检查、乱查封

tackle arbitrary charges, fines, inspections, and seizures

「类似表述对比」

2024年报告Part 12：坚决查处乱收费、乱罚款、乱摊派。and take resolute action to crack down on the imposition of arbitrary charges, fines, and quotas.

2022年报告Part 10：坚决查处乱收费、乱罚款、乱摊派。We will fully investigate and punish the imposition of arbitrary charges, fines, and quotas.

2021年报告Part 11：严厉整治乱收费、乱罚款、乱摊派，tough steps will be taken to end arbitrary charges, fines, and quotas,

2019年报告Part 12：治理对客货运车辆不合理审批和乱收费、乱罚款。and put a stop to unjustified requirements for approval as well as arbitrary charges and fines on passenger and freight transport vehicles.

坚决防止违规异地执法和趋利性执法。

We will take resolute steps to prevent unauthorized cross-jurisdictional and profit-driven law enforcement.

注：

违规异地执法

unauthorized cross-jurisdictional law enforcement

趋利性执法

profit-driven law enforcement

📍jurisdictional /ˌdʒʊə.rɪsˈdɪk.ʃən.əl/ 表示“司法权的；管辖权的；审判权的”，英文解释为“connected with the authority of a court or official organization to make decisions and judgments”如：jurisdictional decisions 司法决定。

政府要寓管理于服务之中，用服务的暖心增强企业的信心。

We in government should conduct service-oriented administration and boost the confidence of enterprises with satisfactory services.

注：

寓管理于服务之中

conduct service-oriented administration

用服务的暖心增强企业的信心

boost the confidence of enterprises with satisfactory services

纵深推进全国统一大市场建设。

We will make thorough efforts to develop a unified national market.

注：

纵深推进

make thorough efforts

全国统一大市场

a unified national market

加快建立健全基础制度规则，

We will move faster to develop and improve foundational institutions and rules for this purpose.

注：

加快

move faster to

建立健全基础制度规则

develop and improve foundational institutions and rules

建立健全

develop and improve

破除地方保护和市场分割，打通市场准入退出、要素配置等方面制约经济循环的卡点堵点，综合整治“内卷式”竞争。

We will eliminate local protectionism and market segmentation, remove bottlenecks and obstacles such as those impeding economic flows in terms of market access and exit as well as allocation of production factors, and take comprehensive steps to address rat race competition.

注：

破除地方保护

eliminate local protectionism

市场分割

market segmentation

打通卡点堵点

remove bottlenecks and obstacles

制约经济循环

impede economic flows

市场准入退出

market access and exit

（生产）要素配置

allocation of production factors

综合

take comprehensive steps to

整治“内卷式”竞争

address rat race competition

实施全国统一大市场建设指引，修订出台新版市场准入负面清单，优化新业态新领域市场准入环境。

We will implement guidelines on developing a unified national market and release a new revised version of the negative list for market access to improve access for new forms of business and new sectors.

注：

全国统一大市场建设

developing a unified national market

市场准入负面清单

the negative list for market access

新业态新领域

new forms of business and new sectors

制定重点领域公平竞争合规指引，改革完善招标投标体制机制。

Guidelines will be formulated on fair competition compliance in key areas, and institutions and mechanisms for public bidding will be reformed and improved.

注：

重点领域公平竞争合规指引

guidelines on fair competition compliance in key areas

招标投标体制机制

institutions and mechanisms for public bidding

出台健全社会信用体系的政策，构建统一的信用修复制度。

We will introduce policies for improving the social credit system and develop an integrated credit repair system.

注：

健全社会信用体系的政策

policies for improving the social credit system

统一的信用修复制度

an integrated credit repair system

完善企业简易退出制度，逐步推广经营主体活动发生地统计。

We will refine the procedures for simplified enterprise deregistration and make a gradual transition to statistics collection based on the places where market entities conduct business.

注：

企业简易退出制度（流程）

the procedures for simplified enterprise deregistration

经营主体活动发生地

the places where market entities conduct business

逐步推广

make a gradual transition to

加快建设统一开放的交通运输市场，实施降低全社会物流成本专项行动。

We will work faster to develop a unified and open transportation market and launch an initiative to cut logistics costs across society.

注：

统一开放的交通运输市场

a unified and open transportation market

全社会物流成本专项行动

an initiative to cut logistics costs across society

深化财税金融体制改革。

We will further reform the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems.

注：

财税金融体制

the fiscal, taxation, and financial systems

开展中央部门零基预算改革试点，支持地方深化零基预算改革，

We will pilot zero-based budgeting reform in central government departments and support local governments in furthering this reform.

注：

中央部门零基预算改革试点

pilot zero-based budgeting reform in central government departments

零基预算改革

zero-based budgeting reform

📍零基预算是指年度预算编制不受以往预算安排情况的影响，所有的预算支出以零为基点，一切从实际需要与可能出发，逐项审议预算年度内各项支出内容的必要性、合理性及其开支标准，打破基数概念和支出固化格局，结合财力状况、轻重缓急、实际需求、绩效情况等，在综合平衡的基础上编制预算的一种方式。

在支出标准、绩效评价等关键制度上积极创新。

We will develop new approaches in key areas such as expenditure standards and performance assessments.

注：

支出标准

expenditure standards

绩效评价

performance assessments

（积极）创新

develop new approaches

加快推进部分品目消费税征收环节后移并下划地方，增加地方自主财力。

Faster moves will be taken to collect excise tax on some items further down the production-to-consumption chain, with the power of collection being passed to local governments, thus placing more fiscal resources at their disposal.

注：

征收部分品目消费税

collect excise tax on some items

增加自主财力

place more fiscal resources at their disposal

下划（给）地方

be passed to local governments

📍部分品目消费税征收环节后移就是对消费品的征税环节从生产环节后移到批发或者零售环节，税源归属也从生产地转向消费地。

规范税收优惠政策。

Tax break policies will be placed under better regulation.

注：

税收优惠政策

tax break policies

积极探索建立激励机制，促进地方在高质量发展中培育财源。

We will actively explore incentive mechanisms to encourage local governments to foster new sources of revenue in pursuing high-quality development.

注：

激励机制

incentive mechanism

培育财源

foster new sources of revenue

严控财政供养人员规模。

We will strictly control the number of people on the government payroll.

注：

财政供养人员规模

the number of people on the government payroll

完善科技金融、绿色金融、普惠金融、养老金融、数字金融标准体系和基础制度。

We will improve the standards and foundational institutions for technology finance, green finance, inclusive finance, pension finance, and digital finance.

注：

科技金融

technology finance

绿色金融

green finance

普惠金融

inclusive finance

养老金融

pension finance

数字金融

digital finance

标准体系和基础制度

the standards and foundational institutions

深化资本市场投融资综合改革，大力推动中长期资金入市，加强战略性力量储备和稳市机制建设。

We will deepen comprehensive reforms for investment and financing in the capital market, encourage the entry of long- and medium-term capital into the market, and strengthen strategic resource reserves and market stabilization mechanisms.

注：

资本市场投融资综合改革

comprehensive reforms for investment and financing in the capital market

投融资

investment and financing

中长期资金入市

the entry of long- and medium-term capital into the market

战略性力量储备

strategic resource reserves

稳市机制

market stabilization mechanisms

改革优化股票发行上市和并购重组制度。加快多层次债券市场发展。

Procedures for stock issuance and listing and enterprise merger, acquisition, and reorganization will be reformed and improved, and the development of multilevel bond markets will be expedited.

注：

股票发行上市

stock issuance and listing

（企业）并购重组

enterprise merger, acquisition, and reorganization

多层次债券市场

multilevel bond markets

「未完待续」

「Part 1」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 2」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 3」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版

「Part 4」2025政府工作报告中英文对照注释版