研究发现出生月份或影响肥胖

近日，发表于《自然·代谢》期刊上的一项研究发现，在冬季（通常是12月至2月）受孕后出生的人（9月至11月出生），可能拥有更活跃的棕色脂肪，能消耗更多热量，脂肪含量也较低；而4月至5月出生的人，则可能没有这种“优势”。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. According to the article, which of the following statements is most accurate?

A. People born in winter have a higher chance of obesity due to colder weather.

B. The temperature during early childhood is the key factor affecting metabolic health.

C. The study suggests that environmental exposure even before pregnancy matters.

D. People born in summer have more active brown fat due to longer sunlight hours.

无注释原文：

Blame the calendar? How your birth month may shape your body fat

From: Firstpost

High blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes have all seen a sharp rise since the mid-1900s.

These health issues are generally associated with factors like poor diet and lack of physical activity.

But have you ever wondered whether your body fat may not entirely be within your control?

New research now shows that the month in which you are born might play a role in shaping your body's health as you age.

In this explainer, we explore how birth month could affect body fat levels over time and what the latest findings reveal.

How your birth month impacts body fat

Scientists have found that people conceived during the colder months tend to have more active brown fat, a kind of fat that helps the body stay warm by burning calories.

This kind of fat helps the body use more energy, lowers body mass index (BMI), and reduces fat stored around organs.

A new study, published last week in 'Nature Metabolism', looked into how weather conditions at the time of conception may affect health later in life.

Researchers at Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine studied the temperature and environment during the time of conception.

They found that those conceived in winter months, typically December to February, had more active brown fat. As a result, they managed to burn more calories and had lower levels of fat around their organs.

If you were born in September, October or November, it is likely you were conceived in winter and may benefit from this effect, the study says.

Meanwhile, those born in April and May, likely conceived in the hot summer months of July and August, may not see the same benefits.

“Our study suggests that the environment experienced by parents even before pregnancy can shape the child's metabolic health later in life,” study author Takeshi Yoneshiro, a metabolism researcher at Tohoku University, told Popular Science.

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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Blame the calendar? How your birth month may shape your body fat

From: Firstpost

High blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, and diabetes have all seen a sharp rise since the mid-1900s.

自20世纪中叶以来，高血压、高血脂、肥胖及糖尿病的发病率急剧上升。

cholesterol /kə'lɛstərɔl/ 表示“胆固醇”，英文解释为“Cholesterol is a substance that exists in the fat, tissues, and blood of all animals. Too much cholesterol in a person's blood can cause heart disease.”如：a dangerously high cholesterol level. 危险的高胆固醇水平。

obesity /oʊˈbiːsəti/ 表示“肥胖”，英文解释为“the fact of being extremely fat, in a way that is dangerous for health”

📍词根“obes-”来自拉丁语“obesus”，意味着“肥胖的”。近义词：overweight（超重），同根词：obese（肥胖的），常用短语：combat obesity（对抗肥胖症）

diabetes /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtɪs, -tiːz/ 表示“糖尿病”，英文解释为“a disease in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood.”

These health issues are generally associated with factors like poor diet and lack of physical activity.

人们普遍认为，不良饮食结构与缺乏运动是导致上述疾病的重要因素。

But have you ever wondered whether your body fat may not entirely be within your control?

但你是否想过，你的体脂水平或许并非完全由自己掌控？

New research now shows that the month in which you are born might play a role in shaping your body's health as you age.

最新研究显示，出生月份可能会影响你日后的身体健康状况。

In this explainer, we explore how birth month could affect body fat levels over time and what the latest findings reveal.

本文将探讨出生月份如何随着时间推移影响人的体脂水平，并介绍最新研究成果。

How your birth month impacts body fat 出生月份与体脂的关系

Scientists have found that people conceived during the colder months tend to have more active brown fat, a kind of fat that helps the body stay warm by burning calories.

科学家发现，在较冷季节受孕的人，往往体内具有更活跃的棕色脂肪。这类脂肪能燃烧热量、帮助身体保暖。

conceive /kənˈsiːv/ 1）conceive (of) sth (as sth)表示“想出（主意、计划等）；想象；构想；设想”，英文解释为“to form an idea, a plan, etc. in your mind; to imagine sth”举个🌰：God is often conceived of as male. 上帝常常被想象为男性。

2）另一个含义表示“怀孕；怀（胎）”，英文解释为“When a woman conceives or conceives a child , she becomes pregnant”。

🎬电影《云图》（Cloud Atlas）中的台词提到：One may transcend any convention, if only one can first conceive of doing so. 一个人可以打破任何陈规，只要这个人能首先想到这样做。

🎬电影《最后的维加斯》（Last Vegas）中的台词提到：My brain cannot conceive how old this body is. 我的脑袋没办法接受老去的躯体。

🎵歌曲《A Better Way》中就有这么一句歌词：I'll try 我会尝试 Try to believe it 尝试着去相信 Try to conceive it 尝试着去思索 By using your bone 循着你的脚步 There's gotta be a way to get out of here 我定会找到办法从此地脱困

📍well-conceived 表示“策划周密的，精心构思的”，ill-conceived /ˌɪl.kənˈsiːvd/ 表示“计划不周的；不明智的”，英文解释为“badly planned and unwise”举个🌰：The whole project was ill-conceived. 整个项目计划不周。

calorie /ˈkæl.ər.i/ 表示“卡，卡路里（测量食物所含热量的单位）”，英文解释为“a unit of energy, often used as a measurement of the amount of energy that food provides”举个🌰：There are about 50 calories in an apple. 一个苹果大约含有50卡路里的热量。

This kind of fat helps the body use more energy, lowers body mass index (BMI), and reduces fat stored around organs.

这种脂肪有助于身体消耗更多能量，降低身体质量指数（BMI），并减少器官周围的脂肪堆积。

BMI表示“体重指数（通过身高与体重的关系，衡量是否肥胖的一种标准）”，英文解释为“a measurement of a person's weight in relation to their height, used to find out if they are too fat”举个🌰：Obesity for adults was defined as a body mass index of 30 or greater. 成年人肥胖定义为体重指数达到或者超过30。

A new study, published last week in 'Nature Metabolism', looked into how weather conditions at the time of conception may affect health later in life.

这项最新研究于上周发表在《自然·代谢》期刊上，分析了受孕时的气候条件对未来健康的影响。

metabolism /mɪˈtæbəˌlɪzəm/ 表示“新陈代谢”，英文解释为“the chemical processes in living things that change food, etc. into energy and materials for growth”举个🌰：The body's metabolism is slowed down by extreme cold. 严寒可以使身体新陈代谢的速度下降。

conception /kənˈsep.ʃən/ 1）表示“观念；概念；见解；构想”，英文解释为“an idea of what something or someone is like, or a basic understanding of a situation or a principle”

2）熟词僻义，表示“受孕，怀孕”，英文解释为“the process of a male and a female sex cell joining and causing a baby to start to form”如：at/from the moment of conception 在/从受孕的那一刻。

Researchers at Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine studied the temperature and environment during the time of conception.

日本东北大学医学研究院的研究人员对受孕时的温度和环境进行了分析。

They found that those conceived in winter months, typically December to February, had more active brown fat. As a result, they managed to burn more calories and had lower levels of fat around their organs.

结果发现，在冬季（通常是12月至2月）受孕的人体内拥有更活跃的棕色脂肪。因此，他们能消耗更多热量，器官周围的脂肪含量也较低。

If you were born in September, October or November, it is likely you were conceived in winter and may benefit from this effect, the study says.

研究指出，如果你出生在9月、10月或11月，那么你可能是在冬季受孕，或许就具备这种代谢优势。

Meanwhile, those born in April and May, likely conceived in the hot summer months of July and August, may not see the same benefits.

与此同时，那些出生于4月和5月的人，可能是在7月或8月的炎热夏季受孕，未必能获得类似优势。

“Our study suggests that the environment experienced by parents even before pregnancy can shape the child's metabolic health later in life,” study author Takeshi Yoneshiro, a metabolism researcher at Tohoku University, told Popular Science.

“我们的研究表明，哪怕是在怀孕前，父母所处的环境也可能对孩子日后新陈代谢健康产生影响，”该研究作者、日本东北大学代谢学专家米代武士（Takeshi Yoneshiro）在接受《大众科学》（Popular Science）采访时表示。

pregnancy /ˈpreɡ.nən.si/ 表示“怀孕”，英文解释为“the state of being pregnant”

metabolic /ˌmɛtəˈbɒlɪk/ 表示“新陈代谢的”，英文解释为“Metabolic means relating to a person's or animal's metabolism.”举个🌰：People who have inherited a low metabolic rate will gain weight. 因遗传而新陈代谢速度慢的人会发胖。

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