研究称左撇子做CEO公司更赚钱

近日，最新研究发现，左撇子领导的公司往往展现处更高的创新性、更多的专利数量以及更强的盈利能力。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What can be inferred about the method used to determine CEOs' handedness?

A. It relied mainly on self-reported data.

B. It involved indirect visual observations and assumptions.

C. It was based on written surveys conducted by the researchers.

D. It used AI to analyze image patterns from online databases.

2. Based on the article, how many CEOs in the study were left-handed?

A. Approximately 80  B. Around 95

C. About 120  D. Just over 70

无注释原文：

Left-handed CEOs associated with greater innovation, unique patents, and higher returns for companies

From: Daily Mail

They're three of the most successful CEOs in the entire world.

And now scientists think they've finally found the secret to Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, and Mark Zuckerberg's success.

Key attributes like strong leadership, strategic vision, or effective communication might be the first to spring to mind.

But according to researchers at the Donald G Costello College of Business, the answer is much simpler.

All three CEOs - as well as countless others - are left-handed.

In their study, the team analysed more than 1,000 CEOs across 472 companies.

Their results revealed a link between left-handed CEOs and greater innovation, unique patents, and higher returns for companies.

'CEO decisions may be shaped by factors like family experiences, genetics, academic background, career paths, and more—really, the full range of experiences that makes them who they are,' said Professor Long Chen, co-author of the study.

Previous studies have found a link between left-handedness and a range of attributes. 

For example, a 2019 study found that left-handed people have better verbal skills, while a 2017 study found that lefties are better at fast-paced sports.

However, until now, the link between CEO success and handedness has been unclear. 

During a 2013 interview with CBS News, Bill Gates, co-founder of Microsoft, was asked after his thoughts on his left-handedness. 

'You're left-handed. Do you read anything into this?' host Charlie Rose asked. 

Gates responded: 'I don't know. There's a little bit higher variance of talent high and low for left-handers, but it's never been explained.'

To get to the bottom of it, the researchers firstly searched Google for photos and videos of CEOs engaged in activities like writing, throwing, drawing, and eating, to determine their dominant hand. 

'We looked at pictures of them on the golf course to see how they held their clubs,' explained Professor June Woo Park, co-author of the study.

'We also noted which wrist they wore their watch on; left-handed people often wear it on the right.' 

In total, they were able to identify the handedness of 1,008 CEOs across 472 companies.

The vast majority (91.4 per cent) were right-handed, 7.9 per cent were left-handed, and 0.7 per cent were mixed. 

Once their handedness had been confirmed, the researchers then looked at the number of patents and citations received by their firms from 1992 to 2015. 

They also controlled for firm and industry characteristics, as well as other personal traits known to affect CEO innovativeness (such as age, education, risk preference shaped by experience, birth order, and founder status).

Their analysis revealed that firms led by left-handed CEOs demonstrated significantly higher innovative output, and had more unique patents. 

What's more, firms led by left-handers had higher return on assets and stronger buy-and-hold returns.

'They outperformed their counterparts,' Professor Park said.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Left-handed CEOs associated with greater innovation, unique patents, and higher returns for companies

From: Daily Mail

They're three of the most successful CEOs in the entire world.

他们堪称全球最成功的三位企业掌门人。

And now scientists think they've finally found the secret to Steve Jobs, Bill Gates, and Mark Zuckerberg's success.

如今，科学家们声称他们已经找到了乔布斯、比尔·盖茨和马克·扎克伯格成功的秘诀。

Key attributes like strong leadership, strategic vision, or effective communication might be the first to spring to mind.

人们最容易联想到的成功因素，往往是出色的领导力、远见卓识或出众的沟通力。

attribute /ˈæt.rɪ.bjuːt/ 作名词，表示“特性，特质，属性”，英文解释为“a quality or feature, especially one that is considered to be good or useful”举个🌰：What attributes should a good manager possess? 一名优秀的经理应该具备哪些素质？

作动词，attribute sth to sb/sth 表示“把…归因于…；认为…由…生产；认为…是…所为；将（某种特质）归属于（某人）；认为（某人）有（某种特性）”，英文解释为“to say or think that something is the result or work of something or someone else；to think that someone or something has a particular quality or feature”举个🌰：The doctors have attributed the cause of the illness to an unknown virus. 医生们认为这种疾病是由一种未知的病毒引起的。I wouldn't dream of attributing such a lack of judgment to you. 我做梦都想不到你会如此缺乏判断力。

表示“跃入脑海”，英文解释为“to come quickly into your mind”举个🌰：Say the word "Australia" and a vision of beaches and blue seas immediately springs to mind. 一提起“澳大利亚”几个字，脑海中立刻呈现出沙滩和蔚蓝的大海。

But according to researchers at the Donald G Costello College of Business, the answer is much simpler.

但唐纳德·G·科斯特洛商学院的研究人员表示，答案其实要简单得多。

All three CEOs - as well as countless others - are left-handed.

这三位首席执行官，以及许多其他成功人士，都是左撇子。

In their study, the team analysed more than 1,000 CEOs across 472 companies.

研究人员对472家公司中1000多位首席执行官进行了分析研究。

Their results revealed a link between left-handed CEOs and greater innovation, unique patents, and higher returns for companies.

他们的研究发现，左撇子CEO与企业的创新水平、专利独特性以及财务回报之间存在显著关联。

reveal /rɪˈviːl/ 表示“揭露；泄露；透露”，英文解释为“to make known or show something that is surprising or that was previously secret”举个🌰：He was jailed for revealing secrets to the Russians. 他因为向俄国人泄密而被监禁。

patent /ˈpeɪ.tənt/ 可以作名词，也可以作动词表示“申请专利”，英文解释为“to get the official legal right to make or sell an invention”举个🌰：If you don't patent your invention, other people may make all the profit out of it. 如果你不为你的发明申请专利权，其他人就会从中渔利。

'CEO decisions may be shaped by factors like family experiences, genetics, academic background, career paths, and more—really, the full range of experiences that makes them who they are,' said Professor Long Chen, co-author of the study.

“CEO所作出的决策往往受其成长背景、遗传因素、教育经历、职业发展路径等多重因素的影响——本质上，是其人生经历全貌共同塑造了其决策倾向。”研究共同作者陈龙（音译）教授指出。

genetics /dʒəˈnet.ɪks/ 表示“遗传学”，英文解释为“the study of how, in all living things, the characteristics and qualities of parents are given to their children by their genes”

genetic /dʒəˈnet.ɪk/ 表示“基因的；遗传信息的”，英文解释为“belonging or relating to genes (= parts of the DNA in cells) received by each animal or plant from its parents”如：a genetic defect/disease 基因缺陷/遗传性疾病。

Previous studies have found a link between left-handedness and a range of attributes.

以往的研究发现，左撇子与多种特质之间存在关联。

For example, a 2019 study found that left-handed people have better verbal skills, while a 2017 study found that lefties are better at fast-paced sports.

例如，2019年的一项研究发现，左撇子在语言能力方面表现更好，而2017年的一项研究发现，左撇子在快节奏运动中表现更佳。

verbal /ˈvɜːbəl/ 1）表示“口头的”，英文解释为“You use verbal to indicate that something is expressed in speech rather than in writing or action.”举个🌰：They were jostled and subjected to a torrent of verbal abuse. 他们被推来搡去，并受到了潮水般的辱骂。

2）表示“词语的；文字的”，英文解释为“You use verbal to indicate that something is connected with words and the use of words.”举个🌰：The test has scores for verbal skills, mathematical skills, and abstract reasoning skills. 该项测试对文字表达技能、数学技能和抽象推理技能进行记分。

🎬电影《旗鼓相当》（Grudge Match）中的台词提到：And I say, "Well, women are more verbal than men." 然后我说“女人比男人更善于言辞。”

lefty /ˈlef.ti/ 表示“左撇子”，英文解释为“a person who uses their left hand to write, etc. with”举个🌰：I found it difficult playing lefties. 我发现很难和左撇子对阵。

However, until now, the link between CEO success and handedness has been unclear.

然而，直到现在，CEO的成功与其用手习惯之间的关联仍不明确。

During a 2013 interview with CBS News, Bill Gates, co-founder of Microsoft, was asked after his thoughts on his left-handedness.

2013年，微软联合创始人比尔·盖茨在接受CBS新闻采访时，被问及他对左撇子身份的看法。

'You're left-handed. Do you read anything into this?' host Charlie Rose asked.

“你是左撇子。你自己怎么看？”主持人查理·罗斯（Charlie Rose）问道。

Gates responded: 'I don't know. There's a little bit higher variance of talent high and low for left-handers, but it's never been explained.'

盖茨答道：“我不清楚。左撇子的才华高低差异可能更大一些，但这个现象一直没有明确解释。”

variance /ˈveə.ri.əns/ 表示“方差；分歧；不同；差异”，英文解释为“the fact that two or more things are different, or the amount or number by which they are different”举个🌰：There has been some unusual variance in temperature this month. 本月气温有些异常变化。

To get to the bottom of it, the researchers firstly searched Google for photos and videos of CEOs engaged in activities like writing, throwing, drawing, and eating, to determine their dominant hand.

为了深入探究这一问题，研究人员首先通过谷歌搜索CEO进行写作、投掷、绘画、进食等活动的照片和视频，以判断他们的惯用手。

表示“对…寻根究底；找到…的真相”，英文解释为“to discover the truth about a situation”举个🌰：I'm not sure what is causing the problem, but I'm determined to get to the bottom of it. 我现在不能确定导致这个问题的原因是什么，不过我一定要弄个明白。

dominant /ˈdɒm.ɪ.nənt/ 1）表示“首要的；占支配地位的；占优势的；显著的”，英文解释为“more important, powerful or noticeable than other things”举个🌰：The firm has achieved a dominant position in the world market. 这家公司在国际市场上占有举足轻重的地位。

2）表示“（基因）显性的，优势的”，英文解释为“a dominant gene causes a person to have a particular physical characteristic, for example brown eyes, even if only one of their parents has passed on this  gene”

🎬电影《王牌特工：特工学院》（Kingsman: The Secret Service）中的台词提到：but a Kingsman wears it on whichever hand happens to be dominant. 但王牌特工都戴在惯用手上。

'We looked at pictures of them on the golf course to see how they held their clubs,' explained Professor June Woo Park, co-author of the study.

“我们还研究了他们在高尔夫球场上的照片，看看他们如何握杆，”研究共同作者朴君宇（June Woo Park，音译）教授解释道。

'We also noted which wrist they wore their watch on; left-handed people often wear it on the right.'

“我们也观察他们手表戴在哪只手腕上，因为左撇子习惯戴在右手。”

wrist /rɪst/ 表示“手腕；腕关节”，英文解释为“the part of the body between the hand and the arm”举个🌰：I sprained my wrist playing tennis. 我打网球时扭伤了手腕。

In total, they were able to identify the handedness of 1,008 CEOs across 472 companies.

终，研究人员确定了来自472家企业的1008位CEO的用手习惯。

The vast majority (91.4 per cent) were right-handed, 7.9 per cent were left-handed, and 0.7 per cent were mixed.

绝大多数CEO（91.4%）是右撇子，7.9%是左撇子，0.7%则是双手皆用。

Once their handedness had been confirmed, the researchers then looked at the number of patents and citations received by their firms from 1992 to 2015.

在确认他们的用手习惯后，研究人员接着分析了这些公司从1992年到2015年获得的专利数量及被引用次数。

citation /saɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“引语，引文，引述”，英文解释为“a word or piece of writing taken from a written work”举个🌰： All citations are taken from the 2015 edition of the text. 全部引文均出自该文本2015年的版本。

2）还可以表示“（法院的）传唤，传票”，英文解释为“an official request for someone to appear in a law court”

3）表示“嘉奖令，嘉奖状；表彰”，英文解释为“official praise for a person in the armed forces for brave actions”举个🌰：They are to receive citations for their brave actions. 他们将因其英勇行为将受到嘉奖。

They also controlled for firm and industry characteristics, as well as other personal traits known to affect CEO innovativeness (such as age, education, risk preference shaped by experience, birth order, and founder status).

研究还考虑了企业及行业特征，以及会影响CEO创新力的其他个人因素（如年龄、教育程度、风险倾向、出生顺序和是否为创始人）。

trait /treɪt/ 表示“（个人的）特征，特性，品质”，英文解释为“a particular characteristic that can produce a particular type of behaviour”举个🌰：His sense of humour is one of his better traits. 具有幽默感是他更讨人喜欢的特点之一。

Their analysis revealed that firms led by left-handed CEOs demonstrated significantly higher innovative output, and had more unique patents.

分析结果显示，由左撇子CEO领导的公司在创新成果上表现更为出色，拥有更多独特的专利。

What's more, firms led by left-handers had higher return on assets and stronger buy-and-hold returns.

此外，那些由左撇子担任领导的企业，不但资产回报率更高，长期投资的回报也更可观。

'They outperformed their counterparts,' Professor Park said.

“这些公司整体表现优于其他公司，”朴教授表示。

outperform /ˌaʊt.pəˈfɔːm/ 表示“超过，胜过；比…做得好”，英文解释为“to do well in a particular job or activity compared to others of a similar type”举个🌰：The company has consistently outperformed its rivals this season. 这一季，这家公司的表现一直优于竞争对手。

counterpart一词经常出现，counter-表示“相反的；对立的；相应的”（opposite; against; in return; corresponding），和part一起就是“对立的，相应的事物”，从而表示“职位相当的人；作用相当的事物”，英文解释为“Somene's or something's counterpart is another person or thing that has a similar function or position in a different place.”

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