成都：中国“最有幸福感城市”

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🤔️小作业：

1. Which of the following is true about Chengdu, according to the article?

A. Most of Chengdu's economic growth is driven by real estate and manufacturing

B. Chengdu's population has decreased in recent years

C. Chengdu is compared to a U.S. city known for its creative and alternative culture

D. Chengdu's service sector is shrinking due to competition from Shanghai

无注释原文：

Chengdu, has earned the reputation of being “China's happiest city”

From: The New York Times

The inland city of Chengdu in southwestern China is often ridiculed for its slow-paced and leisurely lifestyle. It's portrayed as a haven for slackers, lacking the unrelenting, hardworking culture found in wealthy coastal trade centers like Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen.

For decades, industrious young people left Chengdu, and other landlocked urban centers, to pursue opportunities near the coast, where money poured in as China opened its factories and exported its goods to the rest of the world.

Chengdu is one of the fastest-growing cities in China. Its population has surged 30 percent in the last five years to 21.5 million, and its real estate market is booming.

The appeal of Chengdu, an ancient city with a history dating back more than 2,300 years, reflects a budding disillusionment among young people.

Better pay and a successful career are not a guaranteed trade-off for endless workdays and the grind of living in crowded and unaffordable cities. Wuhan, another inland city and the capital of Hubei Province, has also experienced a significant increase in residents over the past four years.

Jobs in Chengdu generally pay less than those in other major cities, and the opportunities for career advancement are more limited, but it is a less stressful place to live.

Huang Xue, a general manager at the Chengdu branch of China Index Academy, a property market data provider, said housing prices in the city were more in line with wages than in other cities.

“Chengdu is more friendly to young people in every aspect,” said Wang Di, a history professor at the University of Macau who has written extensively about the city. He compared Chengdu to Austin, Texas — another city known for its embrace of art and counterculture.

Currently, about 70 percent of Chengdu's economy derives from the service sector, which includes spending from tourism and dining at the city's popular spicy hot pot restaurants.

There is also a thriving entertainment sector in Chengdu. The animated film “Ne Zha 2,” which became China's highest-grossing movie ever upon its release this year, was produced by a studio in Chengdu. The city has also become a hub for video game development, driven in part by Chengdu's emergence as a center for the e-sports industry.

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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Chengdu, has earned the reputation of being “China's happiest city”

From: The New York Times

The inland city of Chengdu in southwestern China is often ridiculed for its slow-paced and leisurely lifestyle. It's portrayed as a haven for slackers, lacking the unrelenting, hardworking culture found in wealthy coastal trade centers like Shanghai, Guangzhou and Shenzhen.

中国西南部的内陆城市成都常因其慢节奏和悠闲的生活方式被调侃。这座城市被描绘成懒人的避风港，缺乏上海、广州和深圳等富裕沿海贸易中心那种不断进取、勤奋工作的文化氛围。

ridicule /ˈrɪd.ɪ.kjuːl/ 作名词，表示“嘲笑；奚落；戏弄”，英文解释为“unkind words or actions that make someone or something look stupid”举个🌰：She was treated with scorn and ridicule by her colleagues when she applied for the job. 她申请那份工作时，受到了同事们的嘲弄和奚落。

作动词，表示“嘲笑；奚落；戏弄”，英文解释为“to laugh at someone in an unkind way”举个🌰：She rarely spoke her mind out of fear of being ridiculed. 她怕人嘲笑，几乎从来不说出自己的想法。

portray /pɔːˈtreɪ/ 1）表示“描绘，描述，描写”，英文解释为“to represent or describe someone or something in a painting, film, book, or other artistic work”举个🌰：The painting portrays a beautiful young woman in a blue dress. 这幅画描绘的是一位身穿蓝色连衣裙的美丽少女。

2）表示“扮演（某角色）”，英文解释为“to act a particular role in a film/movie or play”举个🌰：Her father will be portrayed by Sean. 肖恩将饰演她的父亲。

表示“偷懒的人；磨洋工的人”，英文解释为“If you describe someone as a slacker, you mean that they are lazy and do less work than they should.”举个🌰：Those slackers have gone home early again. 那些懒家伙又提前回家了。

unrelenting /ˌʌn.rɪˈlen.tɪŋ/ 表示“坚定不移的；不松懈的；不屈不挠的”，英文解释为“extremely determined; never becoming weaker or admitting defeat”举个🌰：She will be remembered as an unrelenting opponent of racial discrimination. 她不屈不挠地反对种族歧视，将会为人所铭记。

也可以指“无休止的（不愉快的事情）；持续的；不缓和的；势头不减的”，英文解释为“If you describe something unpleasant as unrelenting, you mean that it continues without stopping.”

For decades, industrious young people left Chengdu, and other landlocked urban centers, to pursue opportunities near the coast, where money poured in as China opened its factories and exported its goods to the rest of the world.

几十年来，勤奋的年轻人离开成都及其他内陆城市，前往沿海地区追寻机会——随着中国建设工厂并向全球出口商品，财富不断涌入这些地区。

表示“勤奋的，勤劳的”，英文解释为“If you describe someone as industrious, you mean they work very hard.”

近义词：hard-working 努力的，勤奋的（If you describe someone as hardworking, you mean that they work very hard.）

landlocked /ˈlænd.lɒkt/ 表示“（国家）被内陆包围的，陆围的，内陆的”，英文解释为“surrounded by the land of other countries and having no coast”

Chengdu is one of the fastest-growing cities in China. Its population has surged 30 percent in the last five years to 21.5 million, and its real estate market is booming.

如今，成都是中国发展最快的城市之一。过去五年里，该市人口激增30%，达到2150万，房地产市场蓬勃发展。

surge /sɜːdʒ/ 1）作动词，表示“急剧上升；飞涨；剧增”，英文解释为“If something surges, it increases suddenly and greatly, after being steady or developing only slowly.”举个🌰：The company's profits have surged. 公司的利润激增。

2）表示“涌动，蜂拥向前”，英文解释为“to move quickly and powerfully”举个🌰：An angry crowd surged through the gates of the president's palace. 愤怒的人群涌进了总统府的大门。

3）作名词，表示“剧增”，英文解释为“A surge is a sudden large increase in something that has previously been steady, or has only increased or developed slowly.”举个🌰：An unexpected surge in electrical power caused the computer to crash. 突然出现的电压剧增导致电脑死机。

🎬电影《雷神2：黑暗世界》（Thor: The Dark World）中的台词提到：But she will not survive the amount of energy surging within her. 但她体内涌动的能量太大 她撑不住的。

作动词，boom /buːm/ 1）表示“增长；迅速发展”，英文解释为“to increase or become successful and produce a lot of money very quickly”举个🌰：The leisure industry is booming. 休闲产业正在蓬勃发展。

2）表示“发出低沉有力的声音；发出隆隆声，轰鸣”，英文解释为“to make a very deep and loud hollow sound”举个🌰：The cannons boomed (out) in the night. 晚上传来隆隆炮声。

作名词，表示“增长，繁荣；增长期，繁荣期”，英文解释为“an increase in something , or a time when something becomes more popular”举个🌰：This year has seen a boom in book sales. 今年图书销售激增。

📍baby boom表示“生育高峰，婴儿潮”，英文解释为“a large increase in the number of babies born among a particular group of people during a particular time”举个🌰：There was a baby boom in the UK and the US after the Second World War. 二战后，英国和美国都出现了一次生育高峰。

The appeal of Chengdu, an ancient city with a history dating back more than 2,300 years, reflects a budding disillusionment among young people.

这座拥有2300多年历史的古城的吸引力反映出年轻人中逐渐萌芽的幻灭感。

budding /ˈbʌd.ɪŋ/ 表示“开始发展的；崭露头角的”，英文解释为“beginning to develop or show signs of future success in a particular area”举个🌰：While still at school she was clearly a budding genius. 还在学校时她就已崭露头角，凸显出她的天分。

disillusionment /ˌdɪs.ɪˈluː.ʒən.mənt/ 表示“醒悟，理想破灭”，英文解释为“a feeling of being disappointed and unhappy because of discovering the truth about something or someone that you liked or respected”举个🌰：There is increasing disillusionment with her. 人们对她越来越失望。

Better pay and a successful career are not a guaranteed trade-off for endless workdays and the grind of living in crowded and unaffordable cities. Wuhan, another inland city and the capital of Hubei Province, has also experienced a significant increase in residents over the past four years.

无休止的工作日和在拥挤、生活成本高昂的城市中挣扎已经不能保证可以换来更高的薪水和成功的事业。过去四年，另一个内陆城市、湖北省会武汉的人口也显著增长。

1）表示“平衡；协调”，英文解释为“a situation in which you balance two opposing situations or qualities”举个🌰：There is a trade-off between doing the job accurately and doing it quickly. 工作做得准确无误和迅速快捷之间有个平衡。

2）表示“妥协，让步”，英文解释为“a situation in which you accept something bad in order to have something good”举个🌰：For some car buyers, lack of space is an acceptable trade-off for a sporty design. 对一些购车者而言，设计成跑车风格的车型即使空间狭小也是可以接受的。

grind /ɡraɪnd/ 表示“令人厌倦的苦事，苦差事”，英文解释为“a difficult or boring activity that needs a lot of effort”举个🌰：Having to type up my handwritten work was a real grind. 还得把手写的作业打出来，这让我叫苦不迭。

Jobs in Chengdu generally pay less than those in other major cities, and the opportunities for career advancement are more limited, but it is a less stressful place to live.

成都的薪资水平普遍低于其他主要城市，职业晋升机会也更有限，但这里的生活压力较小。

Huang Xue, a general manager at the Chengdu branch of China Index Academy, a property market data provider, said housing prices in the city were more in line with wages than in other cities.

房地产市场数据提供商中国指数研究院成都分院总经理黄雪（音）表示，相比其他城市，成都的房价与工资水平的匹配更合理。

“Chengdu is more friendly to young people in every aspect,” said Wang Di, a history professor at the University of Macau who has written extensively about the city. He compared Chengdu to Austin, Texas — another city known for its embrace of art and counterculture.

“成都无论在哪个方面，我觉得都对年轻人更友好一些，”澳门大学历史教授王笛说，他撰写过大量关于这座城市的著作。他将成都比作美国得克萨斯州的奥斯汀——另一座以拥抱艺术和反主流文化著称的城市。

counter-culture /ˈkaʊn.təˌkʌl.tʃər/ 表示“反正统文化，反主流文化（反对主流社会的生活方式和价值观念）；反主流文化的群体”，英文解释为“a way of life and a set of ideas that are completely different from those accepted by most of society, or the group of people who live this way”

Currently, about 70 percent of Chengdu's economy derives from the service sector, which includes spending from tourism and dining at the city's popular spicy hot pot restaurants.

目前，成都约70%的经济来源于服务业，包括旅游业和在生意火爆的麻辣火锅店的消费。

derive /dɪˈraɪv/ 表示“从…中得到，从…中获得”，英文解释为“to get something from something else”举个🌰：She derives great pleasure from playing the violin. 拉小提琴能让她获得极大的乐趣。

📺英剧《唐顿庄园》（Downton Abbey）中的台词提到：Lord Gillingham thought Lady Mary might derive benefit from it. 吉利安姆子爵觉得玛丽小姐去参加一下有好处。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述2020年诺贝尔经济学奖的文章中提到：Mr Milgrom (whose doctoral thesis was supervised by Mr Wilson) derived a number of important lessons from his analyses. 米尔格罗姆（威尔逊是他的博士论文导师）通过分析得出了许多重要经验。

There is also a thriving entertainment sector in Chengdu. The animated film “Ne Zha 2,” which became China's highest-grossing movie ever upon its release this year, was produced by a studio in Chengdu. The city has also become a hub for video game development, driven in part by Chengdu's emergence as a center for the e-sports industry.

成都的娱乐产业也十分繁荣。今年上映后成为中国有史以来票房最高电影的动画片《哪吒 2》就是由成都一家工作室制作的。随着成都成为电子竞技产业的中心，它也成为了电子游戏开发的枢纽。

thriving /ˈθraɪ.vɪŋ/ 表示“欣欣向荣的，繁华的，兴旺的”，英文解释为“growing, developing, or being successful；very healthy or successful”

gross /ɡrəʊs/ 可以作名词，也可以作动词，表示“总收入为，总共赚得，获得…毛利”，英文解释为“to earn a particular amount of money before tax is paid or costs are taken away”举个🌰：The film has grossed over $200 million this year. 这部电影今年总收入超过了两亿美元。

🎬电影《皮克斯的故事》（The Pixar Story）中的台词提到：making it the new highest grossing animated film in history. 成为历史上最卖座的动画电影。

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