绿茶是天然“减肥神器”吗？

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What can be inferred about green tea's role in weight loss from the views of the experts mentioned?

A. It is equally effective as pharmaceutical drugs like Ozempic.

B. It may help indirectly if integrated into a broader healthy lifestyle.

C. It should replace traditional diet and exercise routines.

D. Its benefits are mostly placebo effects.

无注释原文：

Is Green Tea Really 'Nature's Ozempic'?

From: The New York Times

Green tea has been bandied about as a diet hack for centuries: In ancient China 2,000 years ago, people touted the beverage as a weight loss tool. In modern times, the drink has been a staple of diet books and meal plans.

Now, green tea has followed the inevitable trajectory of any weight loss trick: It's getting big on TikTok. Viral videos claim the drink aids with shedding pounds, going so far as to call it “nature's Ozempic.” Some posts suggest drinking as many as five cups a day.

Many of the claims about green tea and weight loss mention two components of the drink: caffeine and antioxidants.

Caffeine might, in theory, slightly speed up someone's metabolism. But it is unlikely that effect would translate directly into substantial weight loss, Dr. Ghosh said.

Green tea also contains compounds called polyphenols, antioxidants that can help protect cells from damage and reduce inflammation. Studies in animals and in human cells have suggested these compounds could improve metabolism and reduce fat absorption from the gut. But trials in humans have had mixed results.

There have also been several small studies looking directly at whether green tea is linked to weight loss. One review paper, which looked at over a dozen such randomized controlled trials, found that people taking green tea extract often lost a tiny amount of weight that “is not likely to be clinically important.” Other studies have also found that people who consumed green tea tended to lose a small amount of weight, typically under four pounds.

People turning to green tea to lose weight “can't expect a big effect, and certainly nothing close to medications like Ozempic,” said Rob van Dam, a professor of exercise and nutrition sciences at the Milken Institute School of Public Health at George Washington University.

Julia Zumpano, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, added that focusing on a single food or drink ignored the many other factors that played a role in weight loss. Those include a person's broader diet, exercise habits, genetics, stress, metabolic health and even the quality of sleep an individual gets.

“Look at how you can improve lifestyle, if weight loss is your goal,” she said. “Not just specifically one food, drug, supplement, whatever it might be.”

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Is Green Tea Really 'Nature's Ozempic'?

From: The New York Times

Green tea has been bandied about as a diet hack for centuries: In ancient China 2,000 years ago, people touted the beverage as a weight loss tool. In modern times, the drink has been a staple of diet books and meal plans.

几个世纪以来，绿茶一直被当作一种减肥妙招：在2000年前的古代中国，人们将这种饮品奉为减肥工具。在现代，绿茶也一直是减肥书籍和膳食计划中的常见饮品。

bandy /ˈbæn.di/ sth around = bandy sth about 表示“（随意）谈论；议论；散播”，英文解释为“to mention something often, without considering it carefully”举个🌰：Large figures were bandied around, but no money was ever paid. 大家都说有一大笔钱，但最后连一分钱也没有见到。

hack作名词，此处有“好的方案；好的建议”的含义，英文解释为“a good solution or piece of advice”如：a kitchen hack 可以理解为厨房窍门，厨房妙招，举个🌰：Here are 10 life hacks that will change your life for the better. 这是10个会让你人生更美好的建议。

tout /taʊt/ 表示“标榜；吹捧；吹嘘”，英文解释为“to try to persuade people that sb/sth is important or valuable by praising them/it”举个🌰：A local car dealership was touting its services/wares on the radio. 一家地方汽车特许经销商正在当地电台作宣传。

🎬电影《大谎言家》（Big Fat Liar）中的台词提到：Big Fat Liar is already being touted as next summer's must-see movie event. 《大谎言家》已被誉为明年夏天必看的电影。

beverage /ˈbev.ər.ɪdʒ/ 表示“饮料”，英文解释为“a drink of any type”举个🌰：Hot beverages include tea, coffee, and hot chocolate. 热饮包括茶、咖啡和热巧克力饮料。

staple表示“基本食物；主食；主要产品；某物的主要部分”（a basic type of food that is used a lot；a main product or part of something），如：a table-top staple 可以理解为饭桌上必备的食物，举个🌰：Aid workers helped distribute corn, milk and other staples. 救助人员协助分发谷物、牛奶及其他必需的食物。

Now, green tea has followed the inevitable trajectory of any weight loss trick: It's getting big on TikTok. Viral videos claim the drink aids with shedding pounds, going so far as to call it “nature's Ozempic.” Some posts suggest drinking as many as five cups a day.

如今，绿茶也走上了所有减肥窍门都不可避免的道路：在TikTok上大火。疯转视频声称这种饮品有助于减肥，甚至称其为“天然的奥泽匹克”。有些视频建议每天喝多达五杯绿茶。

inevitable /ɪˈnev.ɪ.tə.bəl/ 表示“不可避免的；必然发生的”，英文解释为“certain to happen and unable to be avoided or prevented”举个🌰：The accident was the inevitable consequence/result/outcome of carelessness. 这一事故是粗心导致的必然结果。

viral /ˈvaɪ.rəl/ 表示“（通过网络在个体之间迅速）病毒式的（传播）”，英文解释为“used to describe something that quickly becomes very popular or well known by being published on the internet or sent from person to person by email, phone, etc.”举个🌰：Here's a list of the top ten viral videos this week. 以下是本周十大病毒式传播的视频。

📍常用短语 go viral，字面意思就是“像病毒一样传播、扩散”，引申为“走红，十分流行，疯狂传播”，比如朋友圈xxx刷屏了，也可以说go viral. 📍名词形式virality.

shed /ʃed/ 作名词，表示“（通常为木质、存放物品用的）棚子，小屋”，英文解释为“a small building, usually made of wood, used for storing things”如：a tool/storage shed 工具/储物棚，a garden/bicycle shed 花园/自行车棚。

作动词，shed 1）表示“使脱落；使掉落；蜕；脱”，英文解释为“to lose a covering, such as leaves, hair, or skin, because it falls off naturally, or to drop something in a natural way or by accident”举个🌰：The trees shed their leaves in autumn. 树木在秋天落叶。

2）表示“（常为报刊用语）去除，摆脱”，英文解释为“(often used in newspapers) to get rid of something you do not need or want”举个🌰：900 jobs will be shed over the next few months. 接下来几个月中要裁减900个职位。

📍shed tears, blood, light, etc. 表示“流泪／流血／发光（等等）”，英文解释为“to produce tears, light, blood, etc.”举个🌰：She shed a few tears at her daughter's wedding. 她在女儿的婚礼上流下了泪。

Many of the claims about green tea and weight loss mention two components of the drink: caffeine and antioxidants.

许多关于绿茶和减肥的说法都提到了这种饮品中的两种成分：咖啡因和抗氧化剂。

component /kəmˈpəʊ.nənt/ 表示“组成部分；成分；零部件”，英文解释为“a part that combines with other parts to form something bigger”如：television/aircraft/computer components 电视/飞机/计算机零部件。

caffeine /ˈkæf.iːn/ 表示“咖啡因，咖啡碱”，英文解释为“a chemical, found for example in tea and coffee, that is a stimulant (= something that makes people more active)”

antioxidant /ˌæn.tiˈɒk.sɪ.dənt/ 表示“抗氧化剂，阻氧化剂，防老（化）剂”，英文解释为“a substance that slows down the rate at which something decays because of oxidization”

Caffeine might, in theory, slightly speed up someone's metabolism. But it is unlikely that effect would translate directly into substantial weight loss, Dr. Ghosh said.

从理论上讲，咖啡因可能会稍微加快人的新陈代谢。但戈什说，这种效果不太可能直接转化为显著的体重减轻。

metabolism /mɪˈtæbəˌlɪzəm/ 表示“新陈代谢”，英文解释为“the chemical processes in living things that change food, etc. into energy and materials for growth”举个🌰：The body's metabolism is slowed down by extreme cold. 严寒可以使身体新陈代谢的速度下降。

substantial /səbˈstæn.ʃəl/ 1）表示“大的；可观的；价值巨大的；重大的”，英文解释为“large in size, value, or importance”举个🌰：The findings show a substantial difference between the opinions of men and women. 这些发现表明男性和女性之间存在着重大的意见分歧。

2）表示“基本上的；大体上的”，英文解释为“relating to the main or most important things being considered”举个🌰：The committee was in substantial agreement (= agreed about most of the things discussed). 委员会基本上达成了一致意见。

Green tea also contains compounds called polyphenols, antioxidants that can help protect cells from damage and reduce inflammation. Studies in animals and in human cells have suggested these compounds could improve metabolism and reduce fat absorption from the gut. But trials in humans have had mixed results.

绿茶还含有一种叫做多酚的化合物，这是一种抗氧化剂，有助于保护细胞免受损伤并减轻炎症。对动物和人体细胞的研究表明，这些化合物可以改善新陈代谢，并减少肠道对脂肪的吸收。但在人体上进行的试验结果却好坏参半。

compound /ˈkɒm.paʊnd/ 作名词，1）表示“化合物，复合物，混合物”，英文解释为“a chemical that combines two or more elements”举个🌰：Salt is a compound of sodium and chlorine. 盐是钠和氯的化合物。

2）表示“（围起来的）场地，楼群，院落”，英文解释为“an area surrounded by fences or walls that contains a group of buildings”举个🌰：They marched into the compound. 他们进入大院。

作动词，表示“使加重，使加剧，使恶化”，英文解释为“to make a problem or difficult situation worse”举个🌰：Her terror was compounded by the feeling that she was being watched. 她有种被人监视的感觉，这加剧了她的恐惧感。

🎬电影《盗梦空间》（Inception）中的台词提到：And when you enter a dream within that dream, the effect is compounded. 当你进入梦中梦，效果会更强。

作形容词，表示“复合的”，英文解释为“consisting of two or more parts”或者表示“（利息）以复利计算的”，英文解释为“used to refer to a system of paying interest in which interest is paid both on the original amount of money invested (= given to companies hoping to get more back) or borrowed and on the interest that has collected over a period of time”如：compound interest 复利。

inflammation /ˌɪn.fləˈmeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“炎（症）”，英文解释为“a red, painful, and often swollen area in or on a part of your body”举个🌰：Aspirin reduces pain and inflammation. 阿司匹林可缓解疼痛和炎症。

absorption /əbˈzɔːp.ʃən/ 表示“吸收”，英文解释为“the process of taking something into another substance”举个🌰：Some poisonous gases can enter the body by absorption through the skin. 一些有毒气体可以通过皮肤吸收进入体内。

gut /ɡʌt/ 作动词，表示“（尤指在烹调前）取出…的内脏”，英文解释为“to remove the inner organs of an animal, especially in preparation for eating it”举个🌰：She gutted the fish and cut off their heads. 她取出鱼的内脏并把鱼头切掉。

作名词，表示“消化道；肠道，肠”，英文解释为“the long tube in the body of a person or animal, through which food moves during the process of digesting food”举个🌰：Meat stays in the gut longer than vegetable matter. 和蔬菜相比，肉类在消化道中停留的时间更长。

sb's gut 表示“凭直觉，凭感情（决定或判断）”，英文解释为“a way of deciding what should be done or what is right, that is based on how someone feels rather than thinking about reasons”举个🌰：My head said that I should go but my gut said I should stay. 理智上我该走，但是感觉告诉我该留。

gut feeling/reaction 表示“直觉，本能，内心感觉”，英文解释为“a strong belief about someone or something that cannot completely be explained and does not have to be decided by reasoning”举个🌰：I have a gut feeling that the relationship won't last. 我有种直觉，这段关系不会太长久。

There have also been several small studies looking directly at whether green tea is linked to weight loss. One review paper, which looked at over a dozen such randomized controlled trials, found that people taking green tea extract often lost a tiny amount of weight that “is not likely to be clinically important.” Other studies have also found that people who consumed green tea tended to lose a small amount of weight, typically under four pounds.

也有几项小型研究直接探究了绿茶与减肥的关联。一篇综述论文对十几项此类随机对照试验进行了研究，发现服用绿茶提取物的人往往只会减轻一点点体重，“不太可能具有临床意义。”其他研究也发现，饮用绿茶的人往往会减轻少量体重，通常不到两公斤。

randomized /ˈræn.də.maɪzd/ 表示“随机化的”，英文解释为“relating to experimental research where subjects are selected for particular treatments by chance”如：a randomized drug trial 随机药物试验。

📍 randomized controlled trial = randomized control trial (RCT) 随机对照试验的基本方法是，将研究对象随机分组，对不同组实施不同的干预，在这种严格的条件下对照效果的不同。在研究对象数量足够的情况下，这种方法可以抵消已知和未知的混杂因素对各组的影响。

extract /ˈekstrækt; ɪkˈstrækt/ 作动词，表示“取出；拔出；提取”，英文解释为“to remove or take out something”举个🌰：The oil which is extracted from olives is used for cooking. 这种橄揽油是用于烹饪的。

作名词，1）表示“摘录；选段；引文”，英文解释为“a particular part of a book, poem, etc. that is chosen so that it can be used in a discussion, article, etc.”举个🌰：They published an extract from his autobiography. 他们刊登了他自传的一个片断。

2）表示“（尤指食物或药物的）提出物，精华，汁”，英文解释为“a substance taken from a plant, flower, etc. and used especially in food or medicine”举个🌰：The cream contained extracts of/from several plants. 这种护肤霜中含有数种植物萃取精华。

People turning to green tea to lose weight “can't expect a big effect, and certainly nothing close to medications like Ozempic,” said Rob van Dam, a professor of exercise and nutrition sciences at the Milken Institute School of Public Health at George Washington University.

乔治·华盛顿大学米尔肯公共卫生学院运动与营养科学教授罗布·范达姆说，想通过喝绿茶来减肥的人“不要指望得到多明显的效果，当然也跟奥泽匹克这样的药物没法比”。

medication /ˌmed.ɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ 表示“药物，药剂”，英文解释为“a medicine, or a set of medicines or drugs, used to improve a particular condition or illness”举个🌰：He is currently on/taking medication for his heart. 目前他正在服用治疗心脏病的药物。

nutrition /njuːˈtrɪʃ.ən/ 表示“营养物质；营养，滋养；营养学”，英文解释为“the substances that you take into your body as food and the way that they influence your health”举个🌰：Good nutrition is essential if patients are to make a quick recovery. 病人如果要迅速康复，必须补足营养。

Julia Zumpano, a registered dietitian at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, added that focusing on a single food or drink ignored the many other factors that played a role in weight loss. Those include a person's broader diet, exercise habits, genetics, stress, metabolic health and even the quality of sleep an individual gets.

俄亥俄州克利夫兰诊所的注册营养师朱莉娅·祖恩帕诺补充说，只关注某一种食物或饮品，就忽略了在减肥过程中起作用的多种其他因素。这些因素包括一个人整体的饮食习惯、运动习惯、基因、精神压力、代谢健康，甚至是个人的睡眠质量。

registered /ˈredʒ.ɪ.stəd/ 表示“已注册的；经注册批准的；（经政府核准）登记的（或注册的）”，英文解释为“officially listed and accepted”如：a registered nurse/charity/trademark 注册护士/慈善机构/商标。

register表示“（尤指把姓名）登记，注册，记录”，英文解释为“to put information, especially your name, into an official list or record”举个🌰：I registered the car in my name. 我把车登记在我的名下。

genetics /dʒəˈnet.ɪks/ 表示“遗传学”，英文解释为“the study of how, in all living things, the characteristics and qualities of parents are given to their children by their genes”

genetic /dʒəˈnet.ɪk/ 表示“基因的；遗传信息的”，英文解释为“belonging or relating to genes (= parts of the DNA in cells) received by each animal or plant from its parents”如：a genetic defect/disease 基因缺陷/遗传性疾病。

metabolic /ˌmɛtəˈbɒlɪk/ 表示“新陈代谢的”，英文解释为“Metabolic means relating to a person's or animal's metabolism.”举个🌰：People who have inherited a low metabolic rate will gain weight. 因遗传而新陈代谢速度慢的人会发胖。

“Look at how you can improve lifestyle, if weight loss is your goal,” she said. “Not just specifically one food, drug, supplement, whatever it might be.”

“如果你的目标是减肥，那就考虑如何改善生活方式，”她说。“而不只是专注于某一种食物、药物、补充剂之类的东西。”

表示“补充物，增补物”，英文解释为“something that is added to something else in order to improve it or complete it; something extra”举个🌰：The doctor said she should be taking vitamin supplements. 医生说她应该服用维生素补充剂。

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