李在明当选韩国新总统

近日，韩国中央选举委员会公布总统选举计票结果，韩国共同民主党候选人李在明当选韩新任总统。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What is the writer's attitude toward Lee Jae-myung's rise to power?

A. Unapologetically critical and doubtful

B. Cautiously optimistic with a focus on obstacles

C. Enthusiastic about Lee's political achievements

D. Neutral, merely reporting on the election result

无注释原文：

He Survived a Knife to the Neck. Now He'll Lead a Divided South Korea.

From: The New York Times

If there is one characteristic that defines Lee Jae-myung, South Korea's new president, it's that he is a survivor.

He has survived criminal charges, a near-fatal stabbing attack and the martial law enacted by his fiercest enemy, former President Yoon Suk Yeol. Now he is taking on what may be his toughest test yet. He must lead a deeply divided nation through daunting challenges, both at home and abroad.

Mr. Lee, who won South Korea's presidential election after his opponent conceded early Wednesday, takes office as one of the most powerful presidents that South Korea has elected in recent decades. Much of South Korea's political power is concentrated in the presidency, and Mr. Lee will also wield considerable control over the National Assembly, where his Democratic Party holds a large majority of seats. 

But long is the list of problems that Mr. Lee faces.

Mr. Lee enters office with legal uncertainty hanging over his head. He has been tried on several charges, including allegations of bribery and election-law violations, and there is debate over whether proceedings should continue or be postponed until after his five-year term. His conservative critics have accused him of using the election as a shield against his legal trouble. Mr. Lee insists that the criminal charges against him are groundless and politically motivated.

Eventually, Mr. Lee will be judged by his performance in revising South Korea's economy, analysts said. South Koreans cited fixing the economic slump as the most urgent task for the new leader.

“The election was about punishing the martial law,” said Shin Yul, a political scientist at Myongji University in Seoul. “But what the people most want is stability and a better economy.”

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

He Survived a Knife to the Neck. Now He'll Lead a Divided South Korea.

From: The New York Times

If there is one characteristic that defines Lee Jae-myung, South Korea's new president, it's that he is a survivor.

如果要用一个特质来定义韩国新任总统李在明，那就是他堪称“政坛不死鸟”。

define /dɪˈfaɪn/ 1）表示“给（尤指单词）下定义；说明，解释”，英文解释为“to say what the meaning of something, especially a word, is”举个🌰：Before I answer your question, could you define your terms a little more (= explain what you mean by the words you have used)? 在回答你的问题之前，你能不能再解释一下你用词的意思？

2）表示“界定；确定；限定”，英文解释为“to explain and describe the meaning and exact limits of something”举个🌰：Your role in the project will be strictly defined (= limited to particular areas). 你在这个项目里的任务将有明确的界定。

He has survived criminal charges, a near-fatal stabbing attack and the martial law enacted by his fiercest enemy, former President Yoon Suk Yeol. Now he is taking on what may be his toughest test yet. He must lead a deeply divided nation through daunting challenges, both at home and abroad.

他经受住了刑事指控，逃过了几乎致命的持刀刺杀，更是在他最凶狠的劲敌、前总统尹锡悦颁布的戒严令下全身而退。现在，他正在接受可能是他从政生涯最艰巨的考验。他必须带领一个严重分裂的国家，应对国内外的严峻挑战。

fatal /ˈfeɪ.təl/ 1）表示“致命的”，英文解释为“A fatal illness, accident, etc. causes death.”举个🌰：This illness is fatal in almost all cases. 这种病几乎是不治之症。

2）示“灾难性的；毁灭性的”，英文解释为“very serious and having an important bad effect in the future”举个🌰：He made the fatal mistake/error of believing what they told him. 他听信了他们的话，犯了致命的错误。

stab /stæb/ 意思也是（用刀）“刺，戳，捅”，英文解释为“to push a knife into someone or something.”

此外，也可以指“（用手指或手中尖物）戳；捅；按”，英文解释为“If you stab something or stab at it, you push at it with your finger or with something pointed that you are holding.”

短语：📍stab sb in the back“背后捅人一刀，背后中伤某人，背叛某人”

martial law /ˌmɑː.ʃəl ˈlɔː/ 表示“军事管制，戒严”，英文解释为“the control of a city, country, etc. by an army instead of by its usual leaders”

1）表示“通过，实施，制定（法律）”，英文解释为“When a government or authority enacts a proposal, they make it into a law.”举个🌰：The authorities have failed so far to enact a law allowing unrestricted emigration. 当局到目前为止还未能通过一项允许自由移民出境的法律。

2）表示“表演”，英文解释为“If people enact a story or play, they perform it by acting.”举个🌰：She often enacted the stories told to her by her father. 她经常把父亲讲给她的故事表演出来。

3）表示“发生（尤指过去已发生的事件或情况）”，英文解释为“If a particular event or situation is enacted, it happens; used especially to talk about something that has happened before.”举个🌰：It was a scene enacted month after month for eight years. 这是8年来月复一月出现的场景。

daunting /ˈdɔːntɪŋ/ 表示“使人气馁的，吓人的；使人畏缩的；令人发怵的”，英文解释为“Something that is daunting makes you feel slightly afraid or worried about dealing with it.”举个🌰：He and his wife Jane were faced with the daunting task of restoring the gardens to their former splendour. 他和他的妻子简当时面临着恢复花园昔日风采的艰巨任务。

📺英剧《唐顿庄园》（Downton Abbey）中的台词提到：and those standards can at first seem daunting. 这些规矩起初令人望而生畏。

📺美剧《绝命毒师》（Breaking Bad）中的台词提到：Just the idea of owning a car wash seems daunting, 收购洗车房的主意听起来不切实际。

Mr. Lee, who won South Korea's presidential election after his opponent conceded early Wednesday, takes office as one of the most powerful presidents that South Korea has elected in recent decades. Much of South Korea's political power is concentrated in the presidency, and Mr. Lee will also wield considerable control over the National Assembly, where his Democratic Party holds a large majority of seats. 

在对手周三早间承认败选后，李在明赢得韩国总统选举，成为韩国近几十年来选出的权力最大的总统之一。韩国的大部分政治权力集中在总统手中，而李在明还将对国会拥有相当大的控制权，他所在的共同民主党在国会拥有多数席位。

concede /kənˈsiːd/ 1）表示“（常指不情愿地）承认”，英文解释为“to admit, often unwillingly, that something is true”举个🌰："Well okay, perhaps I was a little hard on her," he conceded. “好吧，也许我对她是有点苛刻，”他承认道。

2）表示“认输；承认（失败）”，英文解释为“to admit that you have lost in a competition”举个🌰：He kept on arguing and wouldn't concede defeat. 他一直争论个不停，不愿认输。

📍败选演讲 concession speech

3）表示“（不情愿地）让步，答应给，让与”，英文解释为“to allow someone to have something, even if you do not want to”举个🌰：She is not expected to concede these reforms. 估计她不会同意这些改革。

📍concede a goal/point表示“没能阻止对方进球（或得分）”，英文解释为“to fail to stop an opposing team or person from winning a point or game”举个🌰：The team conceded two goals (to the other side) in the first five minutes of the game. 开赛后5分钟内，球队就送了（对方）两个球。

wield /wiːld/ 1）表示“拥有，运用，行使，支配（权力等）”，英文解释为“to have and use power, authority, etc.”举个🌰： He wields little power at the company. 他在公司内没有什么权力。

2）表示“挥，操，使用（武器、工具等）”，英文解释为“to hold sth, ready to use it as a weapon or tool”举个🌰： He was wielding a large knife. 他挥舞着一把大刀。

🎬电影《灵魂战车2：复仇时刻》（Ghost Rider: Spirit of Vengeance）中的台词提到：can wield the power, without burning itself up. 可以支配力量  但不伤及自身。

🎬电影《神奇女侠》（Wonder Woman）中的台词提到：Who would wield it? 谁能够使用呢/谁会挥舞它呢？

🎬电影《诸神之战》（Clash of the Titans）中的台词提到：You vowed to your wife you'd never let Helius wield a sword. 你曾对你的妻子发誓 你永远不会让赫利俄斯使用武器。

But long is the list of problems that Mr. Lee faces.

但是李在明面临的问题也有很多。

Mr. Lee enters office with legal uncertainty hanging over his head. He has been tried on several charges, including allegations of bribery and election-law violations, and there is debate over whether proceedings should continue or be postponed until after his five-year term. His conservative critics have accused him of using the election as a shield against his legal trouble. Mr. Lee insists that the criminal charges against him are groundless and politically motivated.

李在明上任之际仍然面临着法律上的不确定性。他已经因几项指控而受审，包括贿赂和违反选举法的指控，关于诉讼应该继续，还是推迟到他的五年任期结束后，目前存在争论。保守派批评者指责他以选举为挡箭牌，逃避法律问题。李在明坚称，对他的刑事指控毫无根据，而且是出于政治动机。

hang over sth表示“（威胁或疑虑）笼罩，萦绕”，英文解释为“If a threat or doubt hangs over a place or a situation, it exists.”举个🌰：Uncertainty again hangs over the project. 这个项目又一次变得不确定起来。

try /traɪ/ 熟词僻义，表示“审理，审讯，审判”，英文解释为“to examine a person accused of committing a crime in a law court by asking them questions and considering known facts, and then decide if they are guilty” 举个🌰：They are being tried for murder. 他们因谋杀正在被审讯。

表示“贿赂；收买”，英文解释为“an attempt to make someone do something for you by giving the person money, presents, or something else that they want ”举个🌰：The organization was rife with bribery and corruption. 这个机构里贿赂腐败成风。

proceedings /prəˈsiː.dɪŋz/ 1）表示“一系列事件；一系列活动”，英文解释为“a series of events that happen in a planned and controlled way”举个🌰：Millions of people watched the proceedings on television. 数百万人通过电视观看了这一系列活动。

2）表示“诉讼”，英文解释为“legal action”举个🌰：I started legal proceedings to try to have him taken away from his parents permanently. 我提起诉讼，想把他从父母身边永远带走。

3）表示“会议记录”，英文解释为“a complete written record of what is said or done during a meeting”

postpone /pəʊstˈpəʊn/ 表示“推迟，延缓，使延期”，英文解释为“If you postpone an event, you delay it or arrange for it to take place at a later time than was originally planned.”举个🌰：He decided to postpone the expedition until the following day. 他决定将探险活动推迟到第二天。

groundless /ˈɡraʊnd.ləs/ 表示“无理由的，毫无根据的”，英文解释为“without cause”举个🌰：My fears turned out to be groundless. 结果证明我的担心毫无根据。

Eventually, Mr. Lee will be judged by his performance in revising South Korea's economy, analysts said. South Koreans cited fixing the economic slump as the most urgent task for the new leader.

分析人士称，评判李在明的最终依据是他在调整韩国经济方面的表现。韩国民众认为，解决经济衰退是其最紧迫的任务。

revise1）表示“改变；修正，修改”，英文解释为“to change something because of new information or ideas”如：revise the article/revise the plan；

2）也可以指“（考试）温习，复习”，英文解释为“to study facts again, in order to learn them before an examination”举个🌰： Revising for exams gives you a chance to bring together all the individual parts of the course. 考前复习给你一个把课程各独立部分融会贯通的机会。

区分：

📍devise表示“想出，设计，发明（新的方法）”，英文解释为“to plan or invent a new way of doing something”举个🌰：She devised a method for quicker communications between offices. 她想出一种加快办公室之间通信联络的方法。

作动词，slump /slʌmp/ 1）表示“沉重地坐下（或倒下）”，英文解释为“to sit or fall heavily and suddenly”举个🌰：She slumped into the chair, exhausted. 她颓然跌坐在椅子上，筋疲力尽。

2）表示“（价格、价值或销售额）猛跌，突然下降”，英文解释为“(of prices, values, or sales) to fall suddenly”

作名词，1）表示“（价格、价值、销售额等的）猛跌，暴跌”，英文解释为“a fall in the price, value, sales, etc. of something”举个🌰：There's been a slump in the demand for new cars. 新车的需求量猛跌。

2）表示“萧条（期），衰落”，英文解释为“a period when an industry or the economy is in a bad state and there is a lot of unemployment”举个🌰：The airline industry is currently in a slump. 当前航空业正处于萧条期。

“The election was about punishing the martial law,” said Shin Yul, a political scientist at Myongji University in Seoul. “But what the people most want is stability and a better economy.”

“这次选举是为了惩罚戒严令，”首尔明知大学的政治学家申烈（音）说。“但人们最想要的是稳定和更好的经济。”

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