别这样给手机充电！

今天，充电宝新规引发热议。借（cèng）此（gè）机（rè）会（diǎn），我们来看看手机充电那些事儿。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. Why does the author mention “skimmers” used on ATMs?

A. To suggest that juice jacking is an equally old method of fraud

B. To show how hackers have repurposed existing tools for USB ports

C. To help readers visualize how juice jacking works through a familiar analogy

D. To compare the financial damage caused by ATM skimmers and USB attacks

无注释原文：

Stop! Don't Charge Your Phone This Way

From: The New York Times, Nov. 18, 2019

A dead or dying phone or laptop is enough to send anybody on a mad dash to find a way to charge the device, but you might want to think twice before using that random cable found at an airport charging station or docking into that hotel USB port — hackers could be waiting.

As the busy holiday season approaches, the Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office is warning travelers about a USB charger scam, or “juice jacking.”

“A free charge could end up draining your bank account,” Luke Sisak, a deputy district attorney, said this month.

Juice jacking happens when unsuspecting users plug their electronic devices into USB ports or use USB cables that have been loaded with malware.

The malware then infects the devices, giving hackers a way in. They can then read and export your data, including your passwords, and even lock up the gadgets, making them unusable.

Juice jacking exploits the fact that somebody doesn't have a full battery, said Liviu Arsene, a cyber security expert at BitDefender, a Romanian cybersecurity and antivirus software company. Mr. Arsene cautioned against using USB cables found already plugged into charging stations.

Like scammers who steal debit card numbers by putting illegal card-reading devices, or skimmers, on A.T.M.s, hackers can easily rip out USB ports and replace them with their own malicious hardware, said Vyas Sekar, a professor at CyLab, a security and privacy research institute at Carnegie Mellon University. “It's easy to modify the outlet if the attacker has physical access,” Professor Sekar said.

Though Mr. Arsene and Professor Sekar said they were unsure of how often hacking attacks like these happened, the growing ubiquity of USB charging ports in places like hotels, airports and public transportation has translated into an increased risk of falling victim to such scams.

“People want the convenience of charging their phones and tablets wherever they go,” Professor Sekar said, adding, “Obviously I would like it too, but there is a risk.”

The Los Angeles County district attorney's office echoed cybersecurity experts in its tips for consumers, including using a power outlet and not a USB charging station, carrying your own AC and car chargers and keeping a portable charger for emergencies.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为官方译文+机器翻译，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Stop! Don't Charge Your Phone This Way

From: The New York Times, Nov. 18, 2019

A dead or dying phone or laptop is enough to send anybody on a mad dash to find a way to charge the device, but you might want to think twice before using that random cable found at an airport charging station or docking into that hotel USB port — hackers could be waiting.

手机濒临没电令人抓狂，眼前的公共充电站堪称救星。但美国检察官最近发出警告，提醒你最好三思而后行。调查发现，从机场的USB充电座到酒店的USB端口——当你连接手机的那一刻，黑客可能就已经在等着了。

random /ˈræn.dəm/ 表示“任意的；随机的；胡乱的”，英文解释为“happening, done, or chosen by chance rather than according to a plan”如：random checks/tests/attacks 随机检查/随机测试/胡乱攻击。

1）表示“（传输电、电话信号等的）电缆”，英文解释为“a set of wires, covered by plastic, that carries electricity, phone signals, etc.”如：a length of cable 一根电缆。

2）表示“（电视节目或电话信号的）有线传输系统”，同 cable televisioin，举个🌰：The office has gone over to cable. 办公室改用有线系统了。

📍charging cable 充电线。

docking station /ˈdɒk.ɪŋ ˌsteɪ.ʃən/ 表示“（电器）扩展坞”，英文解释为“a piece of electrical equipment to which another piece of equipment can be connected”举个🌰：Put the MP3 player into the docking station to charge it. 把MP3播放器放在扩展坞上充电。

port /pɔːt/ 表示“（计算机）端口”，英文解释为“a part of a computer where wires from other pieces of equipment, such as a printer, can be connected”

As the busy holiday season approaches, the Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office is warning travelers about a USB charger scam, or “juice jacking.”

随着假日季临近，美国洛杉矶县地方检察官办公室提醒旅客，注意“USB充电座诈骗”。

charger /ˈtʃɑː.dʒər/ 表示“充电器，充电机”，英文解释为“a device that is used to recharge a battery (= fill it with electricity), for example the battery in a mobile phone”

“A free charge could end up draining your bank account,” Luke Sisak, a deputy district attorney, said this month.

“免费充电装置可能会让你的银行账户被吸干。”一名检察官本月表示。

drain /dreɪn/ 1）表示“（使）排出，（使）排放，放干（液体）”，英文解释为“If you drain something, you remove the liquid from it, usually by pouring it away or allowing it to flow away, and if something drains, liquid flows away or out of it.”举个🌰：Drain the pasta thoroughly. 把意大利面条中的水完全沥干。

2）表示“使减少；使降低；消耗”，英文解释为“to reduce or cause something to reduce”举个🌰：The long war had drained the resources of both countries. 那场旷日持久的战争使两国元气大伤。

3）表示“喝光，喝完”，英文解释为“If you drain a glass or cup, you drink all the liquid in it.”

Juice jacking happens when unsuspecting users plug their electronic devices into USB ports or use USB cables that have been loaded with malware.

当人们将电子设备插入已经加载了恶意软件的USB接口或USB数据线时，就有可能出现个人信息泄漏的情况。

malware /ˈmæl.weər/ 表示“恶意软件（为破坏计算机正常运行而设计的电脑软件）”，英文解释为“computer software that is designed to damage the way a computer works”

The malware then infects the devices, giving hackers a way in. They can then read and export your data, including your passwords, and even lock up the gadgets, making them unusable.

恶意软件会通过这些端口感染你的设备，让黑客有机可乘。他们可以借此读取和导出你的数据，包括你的密码，甚至可以对设备上锁，让它们变得无法使用。

infect /ɪnˈfekt/ 1）表示“（疾病）传染，感染”，英文解释为“to pass a disease to a person, animal, or plant”举个🌰：The ward was full of children infected with TB. 病房里住满了感染结核病的孩子。

2）表示“使感染有害菌”，英文解释为“To infect a substance or area means to cause it to contain harmful germs or bacteria.”举个🌰：The birds infect the milk. 鸟使牛奶受污染。

3）表示“使受影响”，英文解释为“When people, places, or things are infected by a feeling or influence, it spreads to them.”举个🌰：For an instant I was infected by her fear. 一瞬间，我被她的恐惧所感染。

4）表示“使（计算机）中毒”，英文解释为“If a virus infects a computer, it damages or destroys files or programs.”举个🌰：This virus infected thousands of computers across the U.S. and Europe within days. 这种病毒几天之内就使美国和欧洲成千上万台电脑中毒。

export /ɪkˈspɔːt/ 表示“出口；输出”，英文解释为“to send goods to another country for sale”举个🌰：French cheeses are exported to many different countries. 法国奶酪出口到很多国家。

import /ɪmˈpɔːt/ 表示“进口”，英文解释为“to buy or bring in products from another country”举个🌰：We import a large number of cars from Japan. 我们从日本进口大量的汽车。

gadget /ˈɡædʒ.ɪt/ 表示“小器械，小装置，小器具”，英文解释为“A gadget is a small machine or device which does something useful. You sometimes refer to something as a gadget when you are suggesting that it is complicated and unnecessary.”

Juice jacking exploits the fact that somebody doesn't have a full battery, said Liviu Arsene, a cyber security expert at BitDefender, a Romanian cybersecurity and antivirus software company. Mr. Arsene cautioned against using USB cables found already plugged into charging stations.

罗马尼亚网络安全和杀毒软件公司BitDefender的网络安全专家利维乌·阿塞纳(Liviu Arsene)说，USB充电座诈骗利用的就是人们的设备没电的状况。他警告说，不要使用已经插在充电站里的USB数据线。

exploit /ɪkˈsplɔɪt/ 1）表示“利用；剥削（…为自己谋利）”，英文解释为“to treat a person or situation as an opportunity to gain an advantage for yourself”举个🌰：He exploited his father's name to get himself a job. 他利用他父亲的名声为自己找到一份工作。

2）表示“开发，运用；利用；发挥”，英文解释为“to use sth well in order to gain as much from it as possible”举个🌰：She fully exploits the humour of her role in the play. 她在剧中把她那个角色的幽默发挥得淋漓尽致。

🎬电影《惊天魔盗团》（Now You See Me）中的台词提到：What I hate is people who exploit other people. 我只是讨厌那些利用别人的人。

caution /ˈkɔː.ʃən/ 作名词，表示“谨慎，小心，慎重”，英文解释为“great care and attention”举个🌰：We need to proceed with/exercise caution (= be careful in taking action, making decisions, etc.) 我们必须谨慎行事。

作动词，表示“告诫，提醒”，英文解释为“to warn someone”举个🌰：The newspaper cautioned its readers against buying shares without getting good advice first. 报纸告诫读者事先没有获得好的建议，不要购买股票。

Like scammers who steal debit card numbers by putting illegal card-reading devices, or skimmers, on A.T.M.s, hackers can easily rip out USB ports and replace them with their own malicious hardware, said Vyas Sekar, a professor at CyLab, a security and privacy research institute at Carnegie Mellon University. “It's easy to modify the outlet if the attacker has physical access,” Professor Sekar said.

卡内基梅隆大学（Carnegie Mellon University）安全与隐私研究机构CyLab的教授维亚斯·塞卡（Vyas Sekar）说，就像骗子通过在ATM机上安装非法读卡设备（或称取卡器）来窃取借记卡号码一样，黑客也可以轻易地破坏USB端口，并用自己的恶意硬件取而代之。塞卡教授说：“如果攻击者拥有端口的物理访问权限，就很容易部署攻击。”

debit card /ˈdeb.ɪt ˌkɑːd/ 表示“借记卡”，英文解释为“a small plastic card that can be used as a method of payment, the money being taken from your bank account automatically”举个🌰：I paid with my debit card. 我用借记卡付了款。

malicious /məˈlɪʃ.əs/ 1）表示“恶意的，恶毒的，意在伤人的”，英文解释为“intended to harm or upset other people”如：malicious gossip 用意歹毒的流言蜚语。

2）表示“（对计算机系统进行破坏或盗取个人信息）恶意的”，英文解释为“intended to cause damage to a computer system, or to steal private information from a computer system”如：protection against malicious software/code 保护不受恶意软件/代码伤害。

表示“（稍作）修改，更改，改造，改变”，英文解释为“to change something such as a plan, opinion, law, or way of behaviour slightly, usually to improve it or make it more acceptable”举个🌰：The proposals were unpopular and were only accepted in a modified form. 这些建议不受欢迎，修改之后才得以接受。

outlet /ˈaʊt.let/ 或者outlets一词经常出现，media outlet / news outlets 都可以表示媒体/新闻机构；outlet本身表示“商店，商行；销售公司；专卖店；直销店”，英文解释为“An outlet is a shop or organization which sells the goods made by a particular manufacturer or at a discount price, often direct from the manufacturer.”如：a fast-food outlet 快餐店，a retail outlet 零售店，举个🌰：At the factory outlet you'll find discounted items at up to 75% off regular prices. 在工厂的直销店里，你会找到比常规价低75%的打折商品。

📍而我们日常生活中常见的“奥特莱斯”商场就是outlets的音译，指的就是品牌直销购物中心。

此外，也可以指“（情绪或精力的）发泄方式，发泄途径，施展的机会”，英文解释为“a way in which emotion or energy can be expressed or made use of”举个🌰：Her work provided no outlet for her energies and talents. 她的工作没有给她提供发泄精力及施展才华的机会。

📍美式英语里还可以表示“电源插座（同 power point）”

Though Mr. Arsene and Professor Sekar said they were unsure of how often hacking attacks like these happened, the growing ubiquity of USB charging ports in places like hotels, airports and public transportation has translated into an increased risk of falling victim to such scams.

虽然阿尔塞纳和塞卡表示，他们不确定这样的黑客攻击发生的频率，但在酒店、机场、火车等公共场所，USB充电接口的日益普及，增加了此类欺诈行为的受害风险。

表示“无处不在”，英文解释为“If you talk about the ubiquity of something, you mean that it seems to be everywhere.”如：the ubiquity of the mass media 媒体无处不在。

形容词性：

📍ubiquitous表示“无所不在的”，英文解释为“If you describe something or someone as ubiquitous, you mean that they seem to be everywhere.”举个🌰：Coffee shops are ubiquitous these days. 如今好像到处都是咖啡馆。

意思相近的一个形容词：

📍pervasive表示“到处存在的，到处弥漫着的，遍布的”，英文解释为“Something, especially something bad, that is pervasive is present or felt throughout a place or thing.”如：the pervasive influence of mobile phones in daily life 手机在日常生活中无处不在的影响。

“People want the convenience of charging their phones and tablets wherever they go,” Professor Sekar said, adding, “Obviously I would like it too, but there is a risk.”

“人们希望随时随地都能为手机和平板电脑充电，”塞卡教授说，“显然我也希望如此，但这是有风险的”。

The Los Angeles County district attorney's office echoed cybersecurity experts in its tips for consumers, including using a power outlet and not a USB charging station, carrying your own AC and car chargers and keeping a portable charger for emergencies.

洛杉矶县地方检察官办公室在为消费者提供的建议中呼应了网络安全专家的观点，包括使用电源插座而不是USB充电座，携带自己的插墙式充电器和车载充电器，以及带一个便携式充电宝以备不时之需。

echo /ˈek.əʊ/ 作动词，1）表示“重复，附和；使产生似曾相识的感觉”，英文解释为“If you echo someone's words, you repeat them or express agreement with their attitude or opinion.”举个🌰：Their views often echo each other. 他们的见解常常彼此附和。

2）表示“回响；发出回声；响起回声”，英文解释为“If a sound echoes or a place echoes with a sound, you hear the sound again because you are in a large, empty space.”举个🌰：The sound of footsteps echoed around the hall. 脚步声在大厅里回荡。

作名词，1）表示“回声，回音，回响”，英文解释为“a sound that is heard after it has been reflected off a surface such as a wall or a cliff”举个🌰：The echoes of his scream sounded in the cave for several seconds. 他的尖叫声在洞中回荡了好几秒钟。

2）表示“十分相似的东西；如出一辙的事物；仿效”，英文解释为“a detail that is similar to and makes you remember something else”举个🌰：There are echoes of Mozart in her first piano compositions. 她最早创作的钢琴曲有些地方模仿了莫扎特。

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