“江浙沪”还是“沪苏浙”？

近日，“江浙沪”还是“沪苏浙”两种不同表述引起热议。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. Why might the U.N. consider urbanization a challenge rather than just a demographic trend?

A. Because it will lead to higher incomes and better education in cities

B. Because it may cause issues related to housing, infrastructure, and health

C. Because megacities are easier to govern than rural regions

D. Because rural populations will become more prosperous

无注释原文：

U.N. Finds Most People in Cities

From: The New York Times

More than half of humanity now lives in cities, and even more will soon. The world will have to confront how to make cities more fit for human habitation.

Those are the conclusions of a report released Thursday by the United Nations, raising new challenges including cholera, classrooms and food production.

If China urbanized most rapidly in recent decades, it is now India's turn, thanks to a large bulge of young people in its population. Between now and 2050, India is projected to add 404 million people to its cities. The Indian capital, Delhi, became the world's second most populous city in 2014, more than doubling its population since 1990 to nearly 25 million. Mumbai is the other Indian megalopolis among the world's 10 most populous cities, with 20.7 million people.

Over all, India, China and Nigeria will account for 37 percent of the projected growth of the urban population between now and 2050, according to the report, World Urbanization Prospects.

Tokyo tops the report's list of megacities, with a population of more than 37.8 million. Two cities in China are among the top 10: Shanghai (23 million) and Beijing (almost 20 million). Only one is in the United States: Taken together, New York and Newark, with a population of more than 18 million, rank ninth. None of the top 10 are in Europe. (The others are Mexico City, São Paulo, Osaka and Cairo.)

By 2050, the vast majority of the world's megacities will be in Asia, according to projections by the world body. New York is forecast to slip to 14th place.

The pace of urbanization has been remarkably swift. In 1950, only 30 percent of the world's people lived in cities. That has grown to 54 percent in 2014. By 2050, a full two-thirds of humankind will live in cities.

Close to half of them now live in small cities of less than 500,000 people. Only one in eight live in cities with more than 10 million people. There are 28 of these megacities around the world.

The overall numbers of rural inhabitants are projected to decline to 3.1 billion in 2050 from 3.4 billion today.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

U.N. Finds Most People in Cities

From: The New York Times

More than half of humanity now lives in cities, and even more will soon. The world will have to confront how to make cities more fit for human habitation.

联合国——当今世界超过一半的人口居住在城市，并且很快将会有更多人在城市生活。世界将不得不面临如何让城市更适合人类居住这个问题。

confront /kənˈfrʌnt/ 1）表示“面临（问题、任务、困难等）”，英文解释为“If you are confronted with a problem, task, or difficulty, you have to deal with it.”举个🌰：She was confronted with severe money problems. 她面临严重的资金问题。

2）表示“正视（困难局面或问题）”，英文解释为“If you confront a difficult situation or issue, you accept the fact that it exists and try to deal with it.”举个🌰：We are learning how to confront death. 我们在学习如何正视死亡。

habitation /ˌhæb.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ 表示“居住”，英文解释为“the act of living in a building”

Those are the conclusions of a report released Thursday by the United Nations, raising new challenges including cholera, classrooms and food production.

这些是联合国周四发表的一份报告得出的结论，提出了包括霍乱、教室和食品生产在内的新挑战。

cholera /ˈkɒlərə/ 表示“霍乱”，英文解释为“Cholera is a serious disease that often kills people. It is caused by drinking infected water or by eating infected food.

If China urbanized most rapidly in recent decades, it is now India's turn, thanks to a large bulge of young people in its population. Between now and 2050, India is projected to add 404 million people to its cities. The Indian capital, Delhi, became the world's second most populous city in 2014, more than doubling its population since 1990 to nearly 25 million. Mumbai is the other Indian megalopolis among the world's 10 most populous cities, with 20.7 million people.

如果最近几十年城镇化最迅速的是中国，那么现在轮到印度了，因为年轻人在印度人口中占了很大比例。从现在到2050年，印度的城镇人口预计将增加4.04亿。2014年，印度首都德里人口接近2500万，是1990年的两倍多，成为全世界第二大城市。印度另一座超大城市孟买拥有人口2070万，也是全球人口最多的十大城市之一。

bulge /bʌldʒ/ 1）表示“凸起；鼓起”，英文解释为“a curved shape sticking out from the surface of something”举个🌰：I wondered what the bulge in her coat pocket was. 我想知道她大衣口袋里鼓鼓的是什么东西。

2）表示“暂时的激增；突然上涨”，英文解释为“a sudden increase that soon returns to the usual level”举个🌰：There was a bulge in spending in the early part of the year. 年初时开支曾出现突然上涨。

project /ˈprɒdʒ.ekt/ 1）表示“放映；投射（影、像或光）”，英文解释为“to cause a film, image, or light to appear on a screen or other surface”举个🌰：Laser images were projected onto a screen. 激光图像被投射到了屏幕上。

2）表示“预计，推算”，英文解释为“to calculate an amount or number expected in the future from information already known”举个🌰：The spending is projected to rise by three percent next year. 明年支出预计将增加3%。

3）表示“投射（自己的感觉给别人）”，英文解释为“to wrongly imagine that someone else is feeling a particular emotion or desire when in fact it is you who feels this way”举个🌰：I suspect he's projecting his fears onto you. 我猜他是把他的恐惧投射到你身上了。

4）表示“向别人表现（某种品质）”，英文解释为“If you project a particular quality, that quality is what most people notice about you.”举个🌰：Recently she has sought to project a much tougher image. 最近她努力塑造一个更强硬的形象。

populous /ˈpɒp.jə.ləs/ 表示“人口稠密的”，英文解释为“A populous country, area, or place has a lot of people living in it”举个🌰：China is the world's most populous country. 中国是世界上人口最多的国家。

megalopolis /ˌmeɡ.əˈlɒp.əl.ɪs/ 表示“大都市；巨型城市”，英文解释为“an extremely large city or urban (= city) area where a lot of people live”举个🌰：Today Shenzhen is a megalopolis of 13 million people. 如今，深圳是一个拥有1300万人口的大都市。

Over all, India, China and Nigeria will account for 37 percent of the projected growth of the urban population between now and 2050, according to the report, World Urbanization Prospects.

这份《世界城镇化展望报告》显示，从总体上来说，从现在到2050年，全世界预计新增的城镇人口中，37%来自印度、中国和尼日利亚。

Tokyo tops the report's list of megacities, with a population of more than 37.8 million. Two cities in China are among the top 10: Shanghai (23 million) and Beijing (almost 20 million). Only one is in the United States: Taken together, New York and Newark, with a population of more than 18 million, rank ninth. None of the top 10 are in Europe. (The others are Mexico City, São Paulo, Osaka and Cairo.)

在该报告的超大城市名单中，东京位列榜首，人口超过3780万的。位列前十的超大城市中包括两个中国城市，分别是上海（2300万）和北京（近2000万）。美国只有一个超大城市，纽约和纽瓦克合二为一，人口逾1800万，名列第九位。十大超大城市中没有欧洲城市。（位列前十的其他城市分别是墨西哥城、圣保罗、大阪和开罗。）

megacity /ˈmeɡ.ə.sɪt.i/ 表示“巨型城市（人口超过一千万的城市）”，英文解释为“a very large city, especially one with more than 10 million people living in it”

By 2050, the vast majority of the world's megacities will be in Asia, according to projections by the world body. New York is forecast to slip to 14th place.

根据联合国的预测，到2050年，全世界绝大部分超大城市将位于亚洲。纽约的排名预计会下滑至第14位。

slip /slɪp/ 作动词，1）表示“滑倒；滑跤；溜走”，也可以指“摆脱；挣脱；松开；放走”，英文解释为“to get free; to make sth/sb/yourself free from sth”举个🌰：The ship had slipped its moorings in the night. 那艘船在夜间漂离了停泊处。

2）表示“变糟；下降，退步”，英文解释为“to go into a worse state, often because of lack of control or care”举个🌰：Productivity in the factory has slipped noticeably in the last year. 工厂一年来生产率显著下降。

作名词，熟词僻义，1）表示“纸条；小纸片”，英文解释为“a small piece of paper”如：a slip of paper 一张纸条。

2）表示“小错误，疏漏”，英文解释为“a small mistake”举个🌰：She's made one or two slips - mainly spelling errors - but it's basically well written. 她犯了一两个小错误——主要是拼写错误——不过基本上写得很不错。

The pace of urbanization has been remarkably swift. In 1950, only 30 percent of the world's people lived in cities. That has grown to 54 percent in 2014. By 2050, a full two-thirds of humankind will live in cities.

城镇化的速度非常迅速。1950年，全世界只有30%的人口生活在城市。2014年，这一比例已升至54%。到2050年，三分之二的人口将全部居住在城市。

swift /swɪft/ 表示“迅速的，敏捷的，快的”，英文解释为“happening or moving quickly or within a short time, especially in a smooth and easy way”举个🌰：Thank you for your swift reply. 感谢您的即时回复。

Close to half of them now live in small cities of less than 500,000 people. Only one in eight live in cities with more than 10 million people. There are 28 of these megacities around the world.

目前，近一半的城镇人口生活在人口规模在50万以下的小城市。只有八分之一的人生活在人口超1000万的城市。全世界有28个这样的超大城市。

The overall numbers of rural inhabitants are projected to decline to 3.1 billion in 2050 from 3.4 billion today.

2050年，农村人口的总数预计将从现在的34亿，减至31亿。

inhabitant /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/ 表示“（某地的）居民，栖居动物”，英文解释为“a person or animal that lives in a particular place”如：a city of five million inhabitants 拥有500万居民的城市。

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