宝剑嫂雨哥分手

近日，B站知名UP主@宝剑嫂 和@雨哥到处跑 发布声明，确认结束7年恋情，和平分手。

借（cèng）此（gè）机（rè）会（diǎn），我们就来看看分手会改变我们的性格吗？

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. Why does the author begin the article with a quote from Elizabeth Barrett Browning?

A. To argue that poetry can offer solutions to break-ups

B. To demonstrate how literary figures handle emotional crises

C. To illustrate the psychological merging of identities in relationships

D. To criticize romantic idealism in long-term partnerships

无注释原文：

How break-ups change your personality

From: BBC

In a long-term relationship, your own identity becomes increasingly intertwined with your partner's. As Elizabeth Barrett Browning is reported to have said to her husband Robert Browning: "I love you not only for what you are, but for what I am when I am with you. I love you not only for what you have made of yourself, but for what you are making of me. I love you for the part of me that you bring out." There's even evidence that we can end up confusing our partner's traits for our own.

So when a break-up happens, does this mean that our personalities fundamentally change? And related to that, does our personality type affect the way we are likely to respond – whether we're likely to stay single, for example, or instead bounce back quickly into another intense relationship? 

To a certain extent, the answer to these questions may depend on your gender. One US study published in 2000 found different effects of divorce on men and women. Paul Costa Junior and his colleagues tested the personality of more than 2000 people in their forties and then caught up with them again six to nine years later, questioning them about the major events had happened in their lives, and testing whether their personalities had changed.

Perhaps surprisingly, women who'd gone through a divorce showed signs of increased extraversion and openness to experience, which the researchers put down to a liberating effect of the break-up. In contrast, divorced men seemed to have become less conscientious and more emotionally unstable – the researchers said they seemed to have found the break-up demoralising.

Not all studies have found this pattern, however. A group of German researchers measured the personality traits of more than 500 middle-aged men and women at three time points over 12 years from 1994 to 2006. They found that men and women who went through a divorce had become less extravert. One explanation is that they had lost many of the friends and other relationships they shared with their spouses, meaning they had less chance to socialise and behave in an extraverted fashion.

Divorcees also showed a reduction in their "dependability" – a facet of the broader personality trait of conscientiousness – perhaps because they no longer had the need to support a long-term partner. 

Although the effects on extraversion were modest in size, they could have meaningful consequences for a person's life, especially given what we know about lower extraversion being associated with increased risk for loneliness. The researchers argued that we shouldn't be too worried, however. "We find no evidence that this major change experience necessarily portends manifold and long-standing 'corruption' of the individual", they said. It may be painful but we can get over it, in other words.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

How break-ups change your personality

From: BBC

In a long-term relationship, your own identity becomes increasingly intertwined with your partner's. As Elizabeth Barrett Browning is reported to have said to her husband Robert Browning: "I love you not only for what you are, but for what I am when I am with you. I love you not only for what you have made of yourself, but for what you are making of me. I love you for the part of me that you bring out." There's even evidence that we can end up confusing our partner's traits for our own.

与情人交往愈久，你的自我认同会与伴侣愈来愈密不可分。英国女诗人伊丽莎白‧巴瑞特‧布朗宁（Elizabeth Barrett Browning）曾对丈夫说："我爱你不只因为你是你，也因为和你在一起时的自己。我爱你不只因为你让你成为你自己，也因为你让我成为的样子。我爱你，因为你改变了一部分的我。"有证据显示，我们有时会搞混情人与自己的特征。

intertwine /ˌɪn.təˈtwaɪn/ 表示“（使）缠结，（使）缠绕在一起；（使）紧密关联”，英文解释为“to twist or be twisted together, or to be connected so as to be difficult to separate”举个🌰：The town's prosperity is inextricably intertwined with the fortunes of the factory. 这座城镇的繁荣与这家工厂的兴盛有着密不可分的联系。

trait /treɪt/ 表示“（个人的）特征，特性，品质”，英文解释为“a particular characteristic that can produce a particular type of behaviour”举个🌰：His sense of humour is one of his better traits. 具有幽默感是他更讨人喜欢的特点之一。

So when a break-up happens, does this mean that our personalities fundamentally change? And related to that, does our personality type affect the way we are likely to respond – whether we're likely to stay single, for example, or instead bounce back quickly into another intense relationship? 

那如果分手了，我们会跟着性格大变吗？与此相关的是，我们的个性类型是否影响我们可能回应的方式—例如，我们是否可能保持单身，或者是否迅速回到另一场亲密关系中？

bounce back表示“恢复；恢复元气；重振旗鼓”，英文解释为“to start to be successful again after a difficult period, for example after experiencing failure, loss of confidence, illness, or unhappiness”举个🌰：Stock prices bounced back after a steep plunge earlier this week. 股票价格在本周早些时候急剧下跌后又回弹了。

bounce /baʊns/ 1）表示“（使）弹起，（使）反弹；反射；跳跃”，英文解释为“to (cause to) move up or away after hitting a surface”举个🌰：She bounced the ball quickly. 她快速地拍球。

2）表示“（人）蹦蹦跳跳”，英文解释为“to move in an energetic and enthusiastic manner”举个🌰：He bounced in, smiling broadly. 他蹦蹦跳跳地进来了，脸上笑开了花。

To a certain extent, the answer to these questions may depend on your gender. One US study published in 2000 found different effects of divorce on men and women. Paul Costa Junior and his colleagues tested the personality of more than 2000 people in their forties and then caught up with them again six to nine years later, questioning them about the major events had happened in their lives, and testing whether their personalities had changed.

在一定程度上，这些问题的答案可能取决于您的性别。一项 2000 年的美国研究发现，离婚对男人和女人会产生不同影响。研究作者小柯斯塔（Paul Costa Junior）和同事调查 2000 多名 40 多岁男女的性格，6-9 年后再次调查，透过问卷询问他们生命中发生过的重大事件，以及他们的性格是否改变。

Perhaps surprisingly, women who'd gone through a divorce showed signs of increased extraversion and openness to experience, which the researchers put down to a liberating effect of the break-up. In contrast, divorced men seemed to have become less conscientious and more emotionally unstable – the researchers said they seemed to have found the break-up demoralising.

也许会让你惊讶的是，离过婚的女性更加外向，对经验也更开放，研究人员认为这是离婚的"解放"效应。相形之下，离婚的男人似乎变得比较不诚恳，情绪更不稳定。研究人员说，分手似乎让离婚男人很泄气。

extraversion /ˌekstrəˈvɜːʃən/ 表示“（性格）外向性”，英文解释为“the quality of being energetic and not shy, and enjoying being with other people”

liberating /ˈlɪb.ər.eɪ.tɪŋ/ 表示“令人感到自由的；令人畅快的；令人自由自在的”，英文解释为“making you feel free and able to behave as you like”举个🌰：Taking all your clothes off can be a very liberating experience. 脱掉所有衣服能让你感到非常自由自在。

conscientious /ˌkɒn.ʃiˈen.ʃəs/ 表示“认真的；勤勉认真的；一丝不苟的”，英文解释为“Someone who is conscientious is very careful to do their work properly.”举个🌰：We are generally very conscientious about our work. 我们一般对工作都是很认真的。

英式 demoralise 美式 demoralize /dɪˈmɒr.ə.laɪz/ 表示“使泄气，使垂头丧气”，英文解释为“to make someone or something feel much less confident”举个🌰：Losing several games in a row had completely demoralized the team. 连续输掉数场比赛使全队上下彻底泄了气。

Not all studies have found this pattern, however. A group of German researchers measured the personality traits of more than 500 middle-aged men and women at three time points over 12 years from 1994 to 2006. They found that men and women who went through a divorce had become less extravert. One explanation is that they had lost many of the friends and other relationships they shared with their spouses, meaning they had less chance to socialise and behave in an extraverted fashion.

但不是所有研究都遵循这项模式。从 1994-2006 年的 12 年间，一群德国研究人员 3 次研究 500 多位中年男女 3 次，发现离过婚的男女都变得较不外向。一种解释是，他们失去了许多共同认识的朋友及其他关系，代表他们比较少机会以外向的方式社交、行动。

extravert = extrovert /ˈɛkstrəˌvɜːt/ 表示“性格外向的人”，英文解释为“an energetic happy person who enjoys being with other people”举个🌰：Most sales people are extroverts. 大多数推销员都是性格外向的人。

spouse /spaʊs/ 表示“配偶”，英文解释为“a person's husband or wife”举个🌰：In 60 percent of the households surveyed both spouses went out to work. 在60%的被调查家庭中，夫妻双方都外出工作。

Divorcees also showed a reduction in their "dependability" – a facet of the broader personality trait of conscientiousness – perhaps because they no longer had the need to support a long-term partner. 

离婚的人"可靠程度"也降低了，这是更广泛自我意识个性特征的一个方面，或许是因为他们不再需要支持长年伴侣。

dependability /dɪˌpen.dəˈbɪl.ə.ti/ 表示“可靠性，可信度”，英文解释为“the quality of being able to be trusted and being very likely to do what people expect”举个🌰：The car offers value for money, comfort, and dependability. 这辆车物超所值，舒适又可靠。

facet /ˈfæs.ɪt/ 表示“（问题、形势等的）方面，部分”，英文解释为“one part of a subject, situation, etc. that has many parts”举个🌰：She has so many facets to her personality. 她的性格具有多面性。

Although the effects on extraversion were modest in size, they could have meaningful consequences for a person's life, especially given what we know about lower extraversion being associated with increased risk for loneliness. The researchers argued that we shouldn't be too worried, however. "We find no evidence that this major change experience necessarily portends manifold and long-standing 'corruption' of the individual", they said. It may be painful but we can get over it, in other words.

离婚对于外向程度的减少不算剧烈，但会对一个人的生命带来重大影响，特别是我们都知道比较不外向与孤独风险增加有关。不过研究者说我们不用太担心，没有证据显示这种重大改变一定会造成个人多方面、长期的堕落。换句话说，分手或许痛苦，但我们可以走出来的。

modest /ˈmɒd.ɪst/ 表示“不大（或多、贵）的；适中的”，英文解释为“not large in size or amount, or not expensive”举个🌰：They live in a fairly modest house, considering their wealth. 就他们拥有的财富而言，他们的住所不大。

portend /pɔːˈtend/ 表示“预示，预兆，预告（坏事）”，英文解释为“to be a sign that something bad is likely to happen in the future”举个🌰：It was a deeply superstitious country, where earthquakes were commonly believed to portend the end of dynasties. 那是一个很迷信的国家，地震被普遍认为预示着王朝的终结。

manifold /ˈmæn.ɪ.fəʊld/ 表示“繁多的，多种多样的”，英文解释为“many and of several different types”举个🌰：Despite her manifold faults, she was a strong leader. 尽管有许多缺点，她仍是个强有力的领导。

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