日本抹茶供应告急

抹茶热潮席卷全球，致日本抹茶供应告急。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to the recent surge in matcha prices, according to the article?

A. Climate-induced reduction in crop output

B. Social media–driven global demand

C. High labor costs due to older farmers

D. Tariffs imposed by the US on Japanese imports

无注释原文：

World's thirst for matcha dries up global supplies

From: BBC

Matcha mania is sweeping the world. The bright green Japanese tea can be found in everything from Starbucks' lattes in the UK to Krispy Kreme doughnuts in Singapore.

The global matcha craze is being driven by social media, with influencers sharing brewing tips, reviews and recipes. The "Matcha Tok" hashtag has clocked up tens of millions of views.

Matcha's growing popularity is also linked to Japan's post-pandemic tourism boom, with the country's weak currency making it an attractive destination as well as boosting demand for Japanese goods.

In the midst of the hype, demand for the powder is soaring. US-based tea importer Lauren Purvis tells the BBC her customers are seeing what was once a month's supply of matcha running out in days.

"Some cafes are even asking for a kilo a day. They're desperate to keep up," says Ms Purvis, who runs Mizuba Tea Co.

But that surging demand, combined with smaller tea crops due to heatwaves and US tariffs on Japan, is also pushing up matcha prices.

Traditionally, Matcha - which is sought for its health benefits, caffeine and flavour - is the product of a centuries-old and highly-specialised process.

It is made from green tea leaves called tencha, which are kept under shade for weeks while they're still growing. This step is crucial for developing the tea's signature "umami" flavour - a savoury taste that complements its natural sweetness.

The leaves are harvested, dried and ground into powder using stone mills, which can produce just 40g (1.4oz) of matcha an hour.

But in recent months growers have struggled, as record-breaking heatwaves have hit crops.

In the Kyoto region, where about a quarter of Japan's tencha comes from, hot weather has led to poor harvests even as demand soars.

The country also faces a shortage of farmers as its population ages and not enough younger people go into the industry.

Shops in Uji, a city in Kyoto famous for matcha, often see their shelves emptied by tourists as soon as their doors open.

As a result, many retailers have set limits on how much customers can buy.

Kyoto-based Camellia Tea Ceremony allows customers to purchase only one tin of matcha each as visitor numbers doubled over the last year, says director Atsuko Mori.

Tea master Rie Takeda says she also has to closely monitor her stocks of matcha, as orders that would previously arrive in just days can now take more than a week.

Shortages mean tea prices at Chazen's outlets have risen by around 30% this year.

"[The demand] is good," Ms Takeda said through a translator. "It's a gateway for more people to know about Japanese culture."

It has also attracted more growers.

Matcha production nearly tripled between 2010 and 2023, according to Japan's agricultural ministry.

It also says green tea exports, including matcha, also rose 25% last year to 36.4bn yen (£180m; $250m).

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

World's thirst for matcha dries up global supplies

From: BBC

Matcha mania is sweeping the world. The bright green Japanese tea can be found in everything from Starbucks' lattes in the UK to Krispy Kreme doughnuts in Singapore.

抹茶热潮正在席卷全球。这款鲜绿色的日本茶饮，如今出现在各种产品中，从英国星巴克的抹茶拿铁到新加坡卡卡圈坊（Krispy Kreme）的抹茶甜甜圈。

matcha /ˈmætʃ.ə/ 表示“抹茶”，英文解释为“a type of green tea in the form of a powder that is dissolved in hot water or milk ”

mania /ˈmeɪ.ni.ə/ 1）表示“狂热；热衷”，英文解释为“a very strong interest in something that fills a person's mind or uses up all their time”举个🌰：So why your sudden mania for exercise? 你为什么突然热衷于锻炼了？

2）表示“痴迷；…狂；…癖”，英文解释为“a state in which someone directs all their attention to one particular thing”举个🌰：Van Gogh suffered from acute persecution mania. 凡高患有严重的被害妄想症。

3）表示“躁狂症”，英文解释为“a state of extreme physical and mental activity, often involving a loss of judgment and periods of euphoria”

sweep /swiːp/ 作动词，可以表示“风行，风靡，迅速蔓延，迅速传播；席卷；横扫”，英文解释为“to quickly spread through and influence an area”举个🌰：A flu epidemic is sweeping through Moscow. 一场流感正在莫斯科迅速传播。

📺电视剧《王冠》（The Crown）中的台词提到：Independence is sweeping across the continent. 独立运动席卷这片大陆。

📺动画片《辛普森一家》（The Simpsons）中的台词提到：A plague is sweeping through Springfield. 一场瘟疫正席卷斯普林菲尔德。

📍sweeping 作形容词，1）表示“影响广泛的；大范围的；根本性的；意义深远的”，英文解释为“having an important effect on a large part of sth”如：sweeping changes 彻底变化，举个🌰：They were given sweeping powers to search homes. 他们授予入户搜查的极大权力。

🎬电影《沉默》（Silence）中的台词提到：He wrote those words during the most sweeping persecution of all. 他写下这些话时 正经历着最为残酷的迫害。

2）sweeping statement/generalization 表示“泛泛之谈；一概而论的说法；过于笼统的概括”，英文解释为“something that you say or write that is too general and that has not been carefully thought about”举个🌰：Sweeping generalizations about this complex and difficult situation are not helpful. 对这种复杂困难的情形作泛泛之谈是没有用的。

The global matcha craze is being driven by social media, with influencers sharing brewing tips, reviews and recipes. The "Matcha Tok" hashtag has clocked up tens of millions of views.

这股全球抹茶热主要受到社群媒体的推动，网红们分享冲泡技巧、评价与食谱。“Matcha Tok”这个标签已累积了近数千万次观看。

influencer /ˈɪn.flu.ən.sər/ 字面上的意思就是影响者，有影响力的人，柯林斯词典中的解释分为两种，一个就是字面上的意思：any person or thing that exerts an influence；另一种解释为：a person who uses social media to promote lifestyle choices, commercial products, etc to his or her followers. 利用社交媒体向自己的粉丝推广或推荐产品和服务的人，就是类似于现在网络中的“网红、博主”，或者说关键意见领袖，Key Opinion Leader，KOL.

brew /bruː/ 1）表示“一杯茶；一份啤酒”，英文解释为“a drink of tea or a drink of beer”举个🌰：Make us a brew. 给我们泡杯茶吧。

2）表示“混合物”，英文解释为“a mixture of several things”举个🌰：They gave her a strange brew to drink. 他们让她喝一种奇怪的混合饮料。

作动词，1）表示“（坏事或暴风雨）即将来临，酝酿”，英文解释为“If an unpleasant situation or a storm is brewing, you feel that it is about to happen.”举个🌰：It was too quiet - I felt that trouble was brewing. 太安静了——我觉得要出事了。 At home a crisis was brewing. 家里一场危机正在酝酿着。

2）表示“泡（茶）；煮（咖啡）；（茶）冲泡；（咖啡）煮”，英文解释为“If you brew tea or coffee, you add boiling water to it to make a hot drink, and if it brews, it gradually develops flavour in the container in which it was made.”举个🌰：He brewed us some coffee./He brewed some coffee for us. 他给我们煮了些咖啡。

hashtag /ˈhæʃ.tæɡ/ 表示“在社交媒体上发文时用来描述主题的#号”，英文解释为“used on social media for describing the general subject of a Tweet or other post (= message)”

clock sth up表示“赢得，获得（大量的某物）”，英文解释为“to win or achieve a large number of similar things”举个🌰：They have clocked up three gold medals and two silvers in the swimming events. 在游泳项目上，他们获得3枚金牌和两枚银牌。

Matcha's growing popularity is also linked to Japan's post-pandemic tourism boom, with the country's weak currency making it an attractive destination as well as boosting demand for Japanese goods.

抹茶日益受到欢迎，也与疫情之后日本的观光热潮有关，日圆疲弱导致日本成为具有吸引力的旅游目的地，也带动了对日本商品的需求。

作动词，boom /buːm/ 1）表示“增长；迅速发展”，英文解释为“to increase or become successful and produce a lot of money very quickly”举个🌰：The leisure industry is booming. 休闲产业正在蓬勃发展。

2）表示“发出低沉有力的声音；发出隆隆声，轰鸣”，英文解释为“to make a very deep and loud hollow sound”举个🌰：The cannons boomed (out) in the night. 晚上传来隆隆炮声。

作名词，表示“增长，繁荣；增长期，繁荣期”，英文解释为“an increase in something , or a time when something becomes more popular”举个🌰：This year has seen a boom in book sales. 今年图书销售激增。

📍baby boom表示“生育高峰，婴儿潮”，英文解释为“a large increase in the number of babies born among a particular group of people during a particular time”举个🌰：There was a baby boom in the UK and the US after the Second World War. 二战后，英国和美国都出现了一次生育高峰。

In the midst of the hype, demand for the powder is soaring. US-based tea importer Lauren Purvis tells the BBC her customers are seeing what was once a month's supply of matcha running out in days.

在这波热潮中，抹茶粉的需求急速上升。美国茶叶进口商萝伦·普维斯（Lauren Purvis）告诉 BBC，她的客户发现原本可饮用一个月的抹茶存量，在几天之内就已耗尽。

1）作名词，表示“大肆的宣传广告；炒作”，英文解释为“Hype is the use of a lot of publicity and advertising to make people interested in something such as a product.”举个🌰：We are certainly seeing a lot of hype by some companies. 我们的确看到一些公司天花乱坠的广告宣传。

2）作动词，等同于“hype up”，表示“大肆宣传”，英文解释为“To hype a product means to advertise or praise it a lot.”举个🌰：The media seems obsessed with hyping up individuals or groups. 传媒界似乎热衷于对某些个人或团体进行大肆炒作。

📍2020年8月《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述卡车业文章的标题就叫：The trucking industry is in the midst of upheaval—and hype 卡车运输业正在经历剧变，以及炒作。

soar /sɔːr/ 1）表示“急剧增加”，英文解释为“If the amount, value, level, or volume of something soars, it quickly increases by a great deal.”举个🌰：Shares soared on the New York stock exchange. 纽约证券交易所股票暴涨。

2）表示“高飞，翱翔”，英文解释为“If something such as a bird soars into the air, it goes quickly up into the air.”举个🌰：If you're lucky, a splendid golden eagle may soar into view. 幸运的话，一只金色雄鹰会跃入视线。

3）作动词，表示“升空；升腾”，英文解释为“to rise quickly and smoothly up into the air”举个🌰：The rocket soared (up) into the air. 火箭升空。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇分析受疫情影响的旅游业的文章中提到：Soaring incomes in China explain part of the increase. 这一增长的部分原因是中国人收入猛增。

importer /ɪmˈpɔː.tər/ 表示“（向别国购买商品在本国进行销售的）进口商；进口国”，英文解释为“a person, country, or company that buys products from another country in order to sell them”举个🌰：After the USA, Japan is the second biggest importer of oil. 日本是继美国之后的第二大石油进口国。

"Some cafes are even asking for a kilo a day. They're desperate to keep up," says Ms Purvis, who runs Mizuba Tea Co.

“有些咖啡店甚至每天需要一公斤。他们迫切地想要跟上需求，”普维斯说，她是 Mizuba Tea Co. 的负责人。

But that surging demand, combined with smaller tea crops due to heatwaves and US tariffs on Japan, is also pushing up matcha prices.

然而，需求激增，加上热浪导致茶叶产量减少，以及美国对日本加征的关税，也导致抹茶的价格不断攀升。

crop /krɒp/ 1）作名词，通常表示“庄稼，作物；收成，收获量”；还有“平头发型”的含义，英文解释为“a short hairstyle”举个🌰：Her hair was cut in a short crop. 她留着很短的平头。

2）表示“（同时涌现的）一批，一帮（人或事物）”，英文解释为“a group of people or things with something in common, that exist at a particular time”举个🌰：The judges will select the best from this year's crop of first novels. 评委们将从今年的一批处女作小说中选出最出色的一部。

3）作动词，表示“修剪；剪短”，英文解释为“to make something shorter or smaller, especially by cutting”举个🌰：He had his hair cropped when he went into the army. 他参军时把头发剪短了。

tariff /ˈtærɪf/ 表示“关税”，英文解释为“A tariff is a tax that a government collects on goods coming into a country.”

Traditionally, Matcha - which is sought for its health benefits, caffeine and flavour - is the product of a centuries-old and highly-specialised process.

传统上，抹茶因其健康益处、咖啡因含量与风味而备受追捧，是数百年历史来高度专业化工艺的产物。

caffeine /ˈkæf.iːn/ 表示“咖啡因，咖啡碱”，英文解释为“a chemical, found for example in tea and coffee, that is a stimulant (= something that makes people more active)”

It is made from green tea leaves called tencha, which are kept under shade for weeks while they're still growing. This step is crucial for developing the tea's signature "umami" flavour - a savoury taste that complements its natural sweetness.

抹茶是由称为“碾茶（tencha）”的绿茶叶制成，这些茶叶在生长期间会被遮蔽数周，这个步骤对于发展其独特的“鲜味（umami）”尤为重要——这是一种咸香味，能补充茶叶本身的自然甜味。

signature /ˈsɪɡ.nə.tʃər/ 作名词，常见意思是“签名，署名”，也有“明显特征；鲜明特色；识别标志”的含义，英文解释为“a particular quality that makes sth different from other similar things and makes it easy to recognize”作形容词，解释为“标志性的，惯有的”如：signature product 招牌产品，举个🌰：Bright colours are his signature. 他总爱用亮丽的色彩。

📍金色头发变得花白文中提到：During the update on coronavirus vaccine development in the White House Rose Garden, many viewers were quick to notice one significant change in the president's signature appearance: his hair. 在白宫玫瑰园汇报冠状病毒疫苗研发进展情况时，许多观众很快就注意到总统标志性的外观有一个显著的变化：他的头发。

英式 savoury 美式 savory /ˈseɪvəri/ 1）表示“咸的；辛辣的”，英文解释为“Savoury food is salty or spicy and not sweet in taste.”如：a savoury dish/sauce/flavour 带咸味的一道菜/一种调料/一种味道。

2）表示“好吃的；好闻的；香的；美味的；令人愉快的；名声好的；受欢迎的”，英文解释为“having a pleasant taste or smell；If you say that something is not savoury, you mean that it is not pleasant or socially acceptable.”举个🌰：That hotel doesn't have a very savoury reputation. 那家宾馆的声誉不太好。

complement /ˈkɒm.plɪ.ment/ 表示“补充；补足；使完善；：为…增色”，英文解释为“to make something else seem better or more attractive when combining with it”举个🌰：Strawberries and cream complement each other perfectly. 草莓加奶油相得益彰。

📍区分：

compliment 可以作动词，也可以作名词，表示“赞美；称赞；钦佩”，英文解释为“to tell sb that you like or admire sth they have done, their appearance, etc.”举个🌰：She complimented him on his excellent German. 她夸奖他德语棒极了。

The leaves are harvested, dried and ground into powder using stone mills, which can produce just 40g (1.4oz) of matcha an hour.

当茶叶经采收、干燥之后，就会使用石磨研磨成粉，每小时仅能产出约40克（1.4盎司）的抹茶。

grind /ɡraɪnd/ 1）表示“碾碎，磨碎，把…磨成粉”，英文解释为“to make something into small pieces or a powder by pressing between hard surfaces”如：to grind coffee 磨咖啡豆。

作名词，grind /ɡraɪnd/ 表示“令人厌倦的苦事，苦差事”，英文解释为“a difficult or boring activity that needs a lot of effort”举个🌰：Having to type up my handwritten work was a real grind. 还得把手写的作业打出来，这让我叫苦不迭。

But in recent months growers have struggled, as record-breaking heatwaves have hit crops.

但近几个月来，由于创纪录的热浪袭击农作物，种植者陷入了困境。

In the Kyoto region, where about a quarter of Japan's tencha comes from, hot weather has led to poor harvests even as demand soars.

日本有约四分之一的碾茶，都是产自京都地区，尽管需求持续飙升，但高温导致收成不佳。

The country also faces a shortage of farmers as its population ages and not enough younger people go into the industry.

此外，日本也面临农夫短缺的问题，除了人口老化之外，从事农业的年轻人亦不足够。

Shops in Uji, a city in Kyoto famous for matcha, often see their shelves emptied by tourists as soon as their doors open.

在以抹茶闻名的京都宇治市，商店上的货架通常在开门后不久就被游客扫空。

As a result, many retailers have set limits on how much customers can buy.

因此，许多零售商已对顾客限购。

Kyoto-based Camellia Tea Ceremony allows customers to purchase only one tin of matcha each as visitor numbers doubled over the last year, says director Atsuko Mori.

位于京都的“Camellia 茶道体验”负责人森敦子（Atsuko Mori）表示，随着访客人数在过去一年翻倍，顾客每人仅能购买一罐抹茶。

tin /tɪn/ 1）表示“锡”，英文解释为“a chemical element that is a silver-coloured metal, often combined with other metals or used to cover and protect other metals”

2）表示“罐头；盒装之物；桶装之物；听（或盒、桶）所装之量”，英文解释为“the contents of a tin, or the amount of something a tin contains”举个🌰：The children ate two tins of beans. 孩子们吃了两听豆子。

Tea master Rie Takeda says she also has to closely monitor her stocks of matcha, as orders that would previously arrive in just days can now take more than a week.

茶道师竹田理惠（Rie Takeda）也表示，她必须密切监控抹茶的库存，因为原本几天内可到货的订单，如今可能需等待超过一周。

作动词，stock /stɒk/ 1）表示“（商店或工厂）储备，贮存”，英文解释为“If a shop or factory stocks something, it keeps a supply of it.”举个🌰：Most supermarkets stock a wide range of wines. 大多数超级市场备有许多种类的葡萄酒。

2）表示“为…备货；把…填满”，英文解释为“to fill something such as a cupboard or shelves with food or goods”举个🌰：He has a part-time job stocking shelves in the local supermarket. 他有一份兼职工作，在当地超市摆货架。

作名词，1）表示“（商店的）库存，存货”，英文解释为“the total amount of goods or the amount of a particular type of goods available in a shop”

2）表示“股份；股票”，英文解释为“part of the ownership of a company that can be bought by members of the public”举个🌰：Stock prices fell yesterday in heavy trading. 股价昨日放量下跌。

类似的：

📍share作名词，表示“股份，股票”，英文解释为“any of the units of equal value into which a company is divided and sold to raise money. People who own shares receive part of the company's profits.”

Shortages mean tea prices at Chazen's outlets have risen by around 30% this year.

今年，抹茶短缺导致茶禅旗下店铺的价格上涨了约30%。

outlet /ˈaʊt.let/ 或者outlets一词经常出现，media outlet / news outlets 都可以表示媒体/新闻机构；outlet本身表示“商店，商行；销售公司；专卖店；直销店”，英文解释为“An outlet is a shop or organization which sells the goods made by a particular manufacturer or at a discount price, often direct from the manufacturer.”如：a fast-food outlet 快餐店，a retail outlet 零售店，举个🌰：At the factory outlet you'll find discounted items at up to 75% off regular prices. 在工厂的直销店里，你会找到比常规价低75%的打折商品。

📍而我们日常生活中常见的“奥特莱斯”商场就是outlets的音译，指的就是品牌直销购物中心。

此外，也可以指“（情绪或精力的）发泄方式，发泄途径，施展的机会”，英文解释为“a way in which emotion or energy can be expressed or made use of”举个🌰：Her work provided no outlet for her energies and talents. 她的工作没有给她提供发泄精力及施展才华的机会。

📍美式英语里还可以表示“电源插座（同 power point）”

"[The demand] is good," Ms Takeda said through a translator. "It's a gateway for more people to know about Japanese culture."

“（这样的需求）是好事，”竹田理惠女士透过翻译表示，“这是让更多人认识日本文化的入口。”

It has also attracted more growers.

这波热潮也吸引了更多种植者。

Matcha production nearly tripled between 2010 and 2023, according to Japan's agricultural ministry.

根据日本农林水产省的数据，抹茶产量在2010年至2023年间几乎增长了三倍。

It also says green tea exports, including matcha, also rose 25% last year to 36.4bn yen (£180m; $250m).

该部门也指出，包括抹茶在内的绿茶出口去年增长了25%，达到3,640亿日圆（约1.8亿英镑；2.5亿美元）。

- 词汇盘点 -

- 词汇助记 By AI -

LearnAndRecord

2015年2月8日

2025年7月30日

第3826天

每天持续行动学外语