每周食用三份炸薯条将增加糖尿病风险
LearnAndRecord约 9 分钟近日，最新研究发现，每周食用三份及以上炸薯条，患2型糖尿病的风险将增加20%！
🤔️小作业：
1. Which conclusion is best supported by the study results?
A) All potato consumption should be avoided to prevent diabetes
B) Food preparation methods significantly impact health outcomes
C) White rice is healthier than potatoes for diabetes prevention
D) Genetic factors outweigh dietary choices in diabetes risk
无注释原文：
Study links fries to higher type 2 diabetes risk
From: BBC
A new study has found that eating three or more servings of French fries a week could increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
An international team of researchers, including an expert from the University of Cambridge, investigated links between potato consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Overall they found a 20% increased risk for those who ate French fries at least three times a week, but not for those who ate baked, boiled or mashed potatoes.
Dr Faye Riley, from Diabetes UK, said: "This research shows that the link between potatoes and type 2 diabetes isn't as clear-cut as it might seem."
Academics analysed data from studies tracking the health of more than 205,000 medical workers in the US.
Repeated surveys were taken about people's diets over almost four decades and during follow-up periods 22,000 cases of type 2 diabetes were documented.
Complex condition
"The association between higher potato intake and increased [type 2 diabetes] risk is primarily driven by intake of French fries," the study authors wrote in The British Medical Journal.
"Higher intake of French fries, but not combined baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes, was associated with a higher risk of [type 2 diabetes]."
The research team also found replacing three servings of potatoes each week with whole grains was found to lower the risk of type 2 diabetes by 8%.
They added replacing potatoes with white rice, however was also associated with an increased risk.
Dr Riley, research communications lead at Diabetes UK, said: "Type 2 diabetes is a complex condition, with many factors influencing its development, including genetics, age and ethnicity.
"Diet is just one part of the picture, but this study suggests that how food is prepared can make a difference and reinforces the advice to prioritise whole grains and cut back on fried or heavily processed foods as a way to support a balanced diet and reduce your risk."
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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考
含注释全文：
Study links fries to higher type 2 diabetes risk
From: BBC
A new study has found that eating three or more servings of French fries a week could increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
一项新研究发现，每周吃三次及以上炸薯条可能增加患2型糖尿病的风险。
serving
serving /ˈsɜː.vɪŋ/ 作名词，表示“（供一人食用的）一份；一客”，英文解释为“an amount of one type of food that is given to one person”举个🌰：The quantities given in the recipe should be enough for four servings. 食谱上给出的量足够4个人吃。
作形容词，表示“目前任职的；（尤指）现役的”，英文解释为“employed at the present time in a particular organization, especially the armed forces”如：serving and retired military officers 现役和退役的军官。
diabetes
diabetes /ˌdaɪəˈbiːtɪs, -tiːz/ 表示“糖尿病”，英文解释为“a disease in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood.”
An international team of researchers, including an expert from the University of Cambridge, investigated links between potato consumption and the risk of type 2 diabetes.
一个包括剑桥大学专家在内的国际研究团队，分析了摄入土豆与患2型糖尿病风险之间的联系。
Overall they found a 20% increased risk for those who ate French fries at least three times a week, but not for those who ate baked, boiled or mashed potatoes.
总体而言，研究发现每周至少吃三次炸薯条的人，患病风险增加了20％，而吃烤土豆、煮土豆或土豆泥的人则没有这样的风险。
bake
bake /beɪk/ 表示“烘，烤”，英文解释为“to cook inside an oven, without using added liquid or fat”如：a baked potato 烤土豆，freshly baked bread 刚烤好的面包，举个🌰：I made the icing while the cake was baking. 趁烤面包的时候我做好了糖衣。
boiled
替boiled /bɔɪld/ 表示“水煮的”，英文解释为“(of food) cooked in water that is boiling”如：boiled eggs/ham 煮鸡蛋/咸肉，a hard-boiled/soft-boiled egg (= one boiled for a long/short time) 煮得很老/嫩的鸡蛋。
mashed potatoes
mashed potatoes /ˌmæʃt pəˈteɪ.təʊz/ 表示“土豆泥”，英文解释为“potatoes that have been boiled and crushed until they are smooth”
mashed /mæʃt/ 表示“捣成泥状的，捣烂的”，英文解释为“crushed”如：mashed carrots 胡萝卜泥。
Dr Faye Riley, from Diabetes UK, said: "This research shows that the link between potatoes and type 2 diabetes isn't as clear-cut as it might seem."
英国糖尿病协会的弗伊·莱利（Faye Riley）博士表示：“该研究表明，土豆与2型糖尿病之间的关系并不像看起来那么简单。”
clear-cut
clear-cut /ˌklɪəˈkʌt/ 表示“清楚的；明白无误的；显而易见的”，英文解释为“clear or obvious without needing any proof”举个🌰：She has clear-cut evidence that the company cheated her. 她有确凿的证据表明公司欺骗了她。
Academics analysed data from studies tracking the health of more than 205,000 medical workers in the US.
研究人员分析了美国超过20.5万名医务人员健康数据相关研究。
Repeated surveys were taken about people's diets over almost four decades and during follow-up periods 22,000 cases of type 2 diabetes were documented.
在近四十年的饮食调查和随访期间，记录了2.2万例2型糖尿病病例。
Complex condition 复杂的病症
"The association between higher potato intake and increased [type 2 diabetes] risk is primarily driven by intake of French fries," the study authors wrote in The British Medical Journal.
“土豆摄入量较高与患2型糖尿病风险增加的关系，主要由炸薯条的摄入驱动。”研究人员在《英国医学杂志》上写道。
intake
intake /ˈɪn.teɪk/ 1）表示“摄入量”，英文解释为“the amount of a particular substance that is eaten or drunk during a particular time”
2）表示“（尤指学院或大学的）招生人数”，英文解释为“the number of people that are accepted at a particular time by an organization, especially a college or university”举个🌰：The college has increased its intake of students by 50 percent this year. 这所学院今年的招生人数增加了一半。
"Higher intake of French fries, but not combined baked, boiled, or mashed potatoes, was associated with a higher risk of [type 2 diabetes]."
“增加炸薯条的摄入，但不是烤土豆、煮土豆或土豆泥，和2型糖尿病的高风险相关。”
The research team also found replacing three servings of potatoes each week with whole grains was found to lower the risk of type 2 diabetes by 8%.
研究团队还发现，每周将三份土豆换成全谷物，可以使患2型糖尿病的风险降低8%。
whole grain
whole grain /ˌhəʊl ˈɡreɪn/ 表示“全谷物；全麦”，英文解释为“a grain from a cereal plant such as rice or wheat that has not had anything removed from it, or a food made from this type of grain”举个🌰：For the cookies I would pick anything made with a whole grain, such as whole wheat flour or oats. 饼干的话，我会选全谷物的，比如说全麦面粉的或燕麦的。
They added replacing potatoes with white rice, however was also associated with an increased risk.
研究人员补充道，然而，用白米替代土豆也与患病风险增加相关。
Dr Riley, research communications lead at Diabetes UK, said: "Type 2 diabetes is a complex condition, with many factors influencing its development, including genetics, age and ethnicity.
英国糖尿病协会的研究传播负责人莱利博士表示：“2型糖尿病是一个复杂的病症，许多因素影响其发展，包括遗传、年龄和种族。”
genetics
genetics /dʒəˈnet.ɪks/ 表示“遗传学”，英文解释为“the study of how, in all living things, the characteristics and qualities of parents are given to their children by their genes”
genetic /dʒəˈnet.ɪk/ 表示“基因的；遗传信息的”，英文解释为“belonging or relating to genes (= parts of the DNA in cells) received by each animal or plant from its parents”如：a genetic defect/disease 基因缺陷/遗传性疾病。
ethnicity
ethnicity /eθˈnɪsəti/ 表示“种族特点；种族渊源”，英文解释为“Ethnicity is the state or fact of belonging to a particular ethnic group.”举个🌰：He said his ethnicity had not been important to him. 他说他的种族渊源对他向来都不重要。
"Diet is just one part of the picture, but this study suggests that how food is prepared can make a difference and reinforces the advice to prioritise whole grains and cut back on fried or heavily processed foods as a way to support a balanced diet and reduce your risk."
“饮食只是其中的一部分，但该研究表明，食物的制作方式可能会产生差异，并建议优先选择全谷物，减少炸制或高加工食品，以均衡饮食并降低风险。”
reinforce
reinforce /ˌriː.ɪnˈfɔːs/ 1）表示“加强；充实；使更强烈；进一步证实（观点、看法等）”，英文解释为“to make a feeling, an idea, etc. stronger”举个🌰：Such jokes tend to reinforce racial stereotypes. 这样的笑话容易渲染种族偏见。
2）表示“加固；使更结实”，英文解释为“to make a structure or material stronger, especially by adding another material to it”举个🌰：All buildings are now reinforced to withstand earthquakes. 所有建筑现都已加固，以抗地震。
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