剑桥词典收录6000+新词

近日，剑桥词典宣布新增6000多个词汇，包括诸多网络热词，如：

- work spouse：职场配偶/工作搭子

- mouse jiggler：鼠标抖动器，一种工具或软件，通过自动移动鼠标光标防止电脑休眠，常被居家办公者用于制造工作假象。

- tradwife：traditional wife的缩写，指在家中烹饪、照顾孩子等事务，并且常在社交媒体上分享这种生活方式的已婚女性。

……

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What is implied by Colin McIntosh's comment that words are only added if they have “staying power”?

A. Temporary internet slang will be excluded from the dictionary

B. Cambridge Dictionary seeks to balance capturing trends with ensuring linguistic longevity

C. New words in the dictionary must come from viral internet culture

D. The process of adding words is based on celebrity endorsement

无注释原文：

'Skibidi' and 'tradwife' among 6000 new words inside Cambridge Dictionary

From: BBC

"Skibidi", "tradwife" and other slang terms popularised on social media are among thousands of new words to be added to the Cambridge Dictionary this year.

Skibidi is a gibberish term which gained popularity via a viral animated video series on YouTube, while tradwife is a shortening of "traditional wife" – a married mother who cooks, cleans and posts on social media.

More than 6,000 new words have been added, including those that relate to tech giants and remote working.

"Internet culture is changing the English language and the effect is fascinating to observe and capture in the dictionary," said lexical programme manager Colin McIntosh.

Skibidi is defined in the dictionary as "a word that can have different meanings such as 'cool' or 'bad', or can be used with no real meaning as a joke". An example of its use is "What the skibidi are you doing?"

Reality TV star Kim Kardashian revealed her familiarity with the phrase when she posted a video on Instagram showing a necklace engraved with "skibidi toilet" – the name of the YouTube series.

An earlier use of the word came in 2018 when the band Little Big released a track called Skibidi. The music video has been viewed more than 700 million times and features a dance that went viral.

As well as new phrases, some shortened versions of existing terms have been added, including "delulu" – a play on the word "delusional", with a similar definition: "believing things that are not real or true, usually because you choose to".

An increase in remote working since the pandemic has seen "mouse jiggler" – a device or piece of software used to make it seem as though you are working when you are not – gain its place in the dictionary.

Other work-related words to make the cut include "work wife" and "work spouse", which acknowledge workplace relationships where two people help and trust each other.

Some composite terms such as "broligarchy" have also been added. Merging "bro" and "oligarchy", it means "a small group of men, especially men owning or involved in a technology business, who are extremely rich and powerful, and who have or want political influence".

It was used to describe tech leaders Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg attending Donald Trump's inauguration in January.

Mr McIntosh said Cambridge Dictionary only added words which they believed could stand the test of time.

"It's not every day you get to see words like 'skibidi' and 'delulu' make their way into the Cambridge Dictionary," he said.

"We only add words where we think they'll have staying power."

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

'Skibidi' and 'tradwife' among 6000 new words inside Cambridge Dictionary

From: BBC

"Skibidi", "tradwife" and other slang terms popularised on social media are among thousands of new words to be added to the Cambridge Dictionary this year.

“Skibidi”、“tradwife”等在社交媒体上流行的俚语，是今年剑桥词典新增的数千个新词之一。

slang /slæŋ/ 1）作名词，表示“俚语”，英文解释为“very informal language that is usually spoken rather than written, used especially by particular groups of people”如：a slang expression 一句俚语；

2）作动词，表示“谩骂”，英文解释为“to attack with angry, uncontrolled language”举个🌰：The players started slanging each other in the middle of the game. 比赛到中局阶段时，球员们开始互相谩骂。

英式 popularise 美式 popularize /ˈpɒp.jə.lə.raɪz/ 1）表示“宣传，推广；使大众化；使普及”，英文解释为“to make something become popular； to make something known and understood by ordinary people”举个🌰：It was Pavarotti in the 1980s who really popularized opera. 帕瓦罗蒂在20世纪80年代真正推动了歌剧的大众化。Television has an important role to play in popularizing new scientific ideas. 电视在普及科学新知识方面发挥着重要的作用。

Skibidi is a gibberish term which gained popularity via a viral animated video series on YouTube, while tradwife is a shortening of "traditional wife" – a married mother who cooks, cleans and posts on social media.

Skibidi是个含糊不清的词语，它因YouTube上的一档热门动画影片而走红；“tradwife”则是“traditional wife”的缩写，指既要做饭，又要打扫卫生，并在社交媒体上分享这种生活方式的已婚母亲。

gibberish /ˈdʒɪbərɪʃ/ 表示“名其妙的话（或文字）；文理不通的话（或文字）；胡扯”，英文解释为“If you describe someone's words or ideas as gibberish, you mean that they do not make any sense.”举个🌰：I was so nervous, and I just started talking gibberish. 我太紧张了，开始语无伦次起来。

viral /ˈvaɪ.rəl/ 表示“（通过网络在个体之间迅速）病毒式的（传播）”，英文解释为“used to describe something that quickly becomes very popular or well known by being published on the internet or sent from person to person by email, phone, etc.”举个🌰：Here's a list of the top ten viral videos this week. 以下是本周十大病毒式传播的视频。

📍常用短语 go viral，字面意思就是“像病毒一样传播、扩散”，引申为“走红，十分流行，疯狂传播”，比如朋友圈xxx刷屏了，也可以说go viral. 📍名词形式virality.

More than 6,000 new words have been added, including those that relate to tech giants and remote working.

新增词汇超过6000个，其中包括与科技巨头和远程工作相关的词汇。

"Internet culture is changing the English language and the effect is fascinating to observe and capture in the dictionary," said lexical programme manager Colin McIntosh.

“网络文化正在改变英语，这种影响值得在字典中观察和捕捉。”词汇项目经理科林·麦金托什（Colin McIntosh）说。

fascinating /ˈfæs.ən.eɪ.tɪŋ/ 表示“极有趣的；吸引人的”，英文解释为“extremely interesting”举个🌰：I found the whole movie fascinating. 我觉得整部电影都很吸引人。

lexical /ˈlek.sɪ.kəl/ 表示“词的，词汇的”，英文解释为“relating to words”

Skibidi is defined in the dictionary as "a word that can have different meanings such as 'cool' or 'bad', or can be used with no real meaning as a joke". An example of its use is "What the skibidi are you doing?"

Skibidi在字典中的定义是“一个可以有多种含义的词，例如‘酷’或‘坏’，也可以用于开玩笑，但没有任何实际含义”。例如，“你到底（用Skibidi做副词）在干什么？”

Reality TV star Kim Kardashian revealed her familiarity with the phrase when she posted a video on Instagram showing a necklace engraved with "skibidi toilet" – the name of the YouTube series.

真人秀明星卡戴珊（Kim Kardashian）在Instagram上发布了一段视频，展示了一条刻有“skibidi toilet”（厕所）字样的项链，而这恰恰是YouTube系列节目的名称，由此亦可见卡戴珊对这个网络热词的熟悉程度。

familiarity /fəˌmɪl.iˈær.ə.ti/ 1）表示“通晓；熟知，熟悉”，英文解释为“a good knowledge of something, or the fact that you know it so well”举个🌰：His familiarity with pop music is astonishing. 他对流行音乐之精通令人吃惊。

2）表示“友好随便；亲近”，英文解释为“friendly and informal behaviour”举个🌰：His excessive familiarity offended her. 他过分亲昵的举动冒犯了她。

📍有个说法叫 Familiarity breeds contempt. 表示“亲不敬，熟生蔑”，英文解释为“used to say that if you know someone very well you stop respecting them because you have seen all of their bad qualities”

phrase /freɪz/ 作动词，表示“用…方式表达，以…措词表达”，英文解释为“to express something with a particular choice of words”举个🌰：The declaration was carefully/cleverly/tactfully, etc. phrased. 宣言措词谨慎/巧妙/圆滑等。

作名词，1）表示“短语”，英文解释为“a group of words that is part of, rather than the whole of, a sentence”

2）表示“说法；用语；警句”，英文解释为“a short group of words that are often used together and have a particular meaning”

engrave /ɪnˈɡreɪv/ 表示“在（金属、石头等）上雕刻（字、图案等）”，英文解释为“to cut words, pictures, or patterns into the surface of metal, stone, etc.”举个🌰：The jeweller skilfully engraved the initials on the ring. 珠宝商很巧妙地把名字的首字母刻在了戒指上。

An earlier use of the word came in 2018 when the band Little Big released a track called Skibidi. The music video has been viewed more than 700 million times and features a dance that went viral.

早在2018年，乐团“有点大”（Little Big）发布了一首名为Skibidi的歌曲，就曾使用过这个词。截至目前，这首歌的MV观看次数已超过7亿次，其中一段舞蹈也迅速走红。

track /træk/ 作名词，表示“（录制在CD、唱片或磁带上的）一首歌曲；一首乐曲”，英文解释为“A track is one of the songs or pieces of music on a CD, record, or tape.” 也可表示“音轨，声道”，英文解释为“a part of a magnetic strip onto which sound can be recorded, with several tracks on one magnetic strip”举个🌰：I only like two of the ten tracks on this CD. 我只喜欢这张CD上的10首歌曲中的2首。

📍周末多睡2小时抑郁风险降低48%文中提到，作动词，1）表示“跟踪，追踪”，英文解释为“to follow a person or animal by looking for proof that they have been somewhere, or by using electronic equipment”

2）表示“追踪，记录…的进展”，英文解释为“to record the progress or development of something over a period”举个🌰：We continued tracking the plane on our radar. 我们继续用雷达追踪那架飞机。

🎬 电影《博物馆奇妙夜3》（Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb）中的台词提到：You're sort of set up to track my phone? You track my phone? 你装定位追踪我的手机？你竟然追踪我的手机？

As well as new phrases, some shortened versions of existing terms have been added, including "delulu" – a play on the word "delusional", with a similar definition: "believing things that are not real or true, usually because you choose to".

除了新增词语外，一些现有术语的缩写也已添加，例如“delulu”。这个词本来是“delusional”（妄想的）一词的缩写用法，其定义与之类似：“相信真实与否的事物是否存在，通常是因为你选择相信”。

delusional /dɪˈluː.ʒən.əl/ 表示“幻想的；错觉的”，英文解释为“believing things that are not true”举个🌰：Delusional thinking is common in schizophrenia. 妄想是精神分裂症的典型症状。

An increase in remote working since the pandemic has seen "mouse jiggler" – a device or piece of software used to make it seem as though you are working when you are not – gain its place in the dictionary.

疫情以来，远程办公的兴起使得“鼠标抖动器”（mouse jiggler）在词典中占据了一席之地，这是一个名词，是一种用于使你看似在工作但实际上并非在工作的设备或软件。

jiggle /ˈdʒɪɡ.əl/ 表示“（使）上下急动，（使）左右摇摆，抖动”，英文解释为“to move from side to side or up and down with quick short movements, or to make something do this”举个🌰：If the door won't open, try jiggling the key in the lock. 如果门打不开，就把钥匙在锁里转动一下试试。

Other work-related words to make the cut include "work wife" and "work spouse", which acknowledge workplace relationships where two people help and trust each other.

其他入选的工作相关词汇包括“工作妻子”和“工作配偶”，也就是work wife和work spouse，它们指的是工作上互相扶持的两人关系亲密、互相互助（也表示“两个人如同做了夫妻一般”，用来形容更亲密连结的职场关系）。

来源于高尔夫运动都术语，表示“入围，晋级；符合要求；过关，达到标准”，英文解释为“To succeed at something or meet a requirement; to be chosen out of a field of candidates or possibilities.”

Some composite terms such as "broligarchy" have also been added. Merging "bro" and "oligarchy", it means "a small group of men, especially men owning or involved in a technology business, who are extremely rich and powerful, and who have or want political influence".

一些复合词，例如“broligarchy”也已添加。它融合了“bro”（兄弟）和“oligarchy”（寡头），意为“一小群男性，尤其是拥有或参与科技企业的男性，他们极其富有和强大，并且拥有或渴望获得政治影响力”。

composite /ˈkɒm.pə.zɪt/ 1）表示“（由不同部分组成的）混合物，合成物，综合体”，英文解释为“something that is made of various different parts”举个🌰：The main character in her latest novel is a composite of several public figures of that era. 她那新小说中的主人公是集那个时期几位公众人物形象于一身的综合形象。

2）表示“复合材料，混合材料”，英文解释为“a material made up of more than one substance that is used for building things”举个🌰：The bodies of these racing cars are moulded from the same composite that is used for making aircraft. 这些赛车的车体所用的是一种与制造飞机机身相同的复合材料。

It was used to describe tech leaders Jeff Bezos, Elon Musk and Mark Zuckerberg attending Donald Trump's inauguration in January.

该词曾用于形容今年1月出席Trump就职典礼的科技领袖杰夫·贝佐斯（Jeff Bezos）、伊隆·马斯克（Elon Musk）和马克·扎克伯格（Mark Zuckerberg）。

inauguration /ɪˌnɔː.ɡjəˈreɪ.ʃən/ 1）表示“就职典礼”，英文解释为“An inauguration is the process of swearing a person into office and thus making that person the incumbent. Such an inauguration commonly occurs through a formal ceremony or special event.”

2）表示“正式启用”，英文解释为“the act of something officially starting to be used”举个🌰：In 1900 Paris saw the inauguration of the Metro. 1900年，巴黎迎来了地铁的开通。

3）表示“（新时代的）开创；（新风尚、新活动等的）开始”，英文解释为“the beginning of a new period, style, or activity”举个🌰：It was the inauguration of a new era in American life. 这是美国生活新时代的开始。

📍形容词性：inaugural表示“就职的，就任的（演讲）”（An inaugural speech is the first speech someone gives when starting an important new job.）另外，inaugural也有“首次的，初始的”的含义（An inaugural event is the first in a series of planned events.）

Mr McIntosh said Cambridge Dictionary only added words which they believed could stand the test of time.

麦金托什表示，剑桥词典只收录那些他们认为能够经得起时间考验的词汇。

"It's not every day you get to see words like 'skibidi' and 'delulu' make their way into the Cambridge Dictionary," he said. "We only add words where we think they'll have staying power."

“像‘skibidi’和‘delulu’这样的字被收录进剑桥词典可不是每天都能看到的，”他说，“我们只收录那些我们认为能够经久不衰的词汇。”

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