翻译名校蒙特雷宣布将停招

近日，美国明德大学蒙特雷国际研究学院宣布，其研究生项目和部分在线学位项目将逐步停止招生。据了解，蒙特雷是翻译界“三大高翻院校”之一。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. How does President Baucom frame the closure of MIIS in his communication?

A. As an unfortunate but necessary financial decision, not a rejection of Middlebury's global mission

B. As an opportunity to retreat from global engagement and refocus on local priorities

C. As a punishment for underperforming faculty and programs at MIIS

D. As a strategic move to replace all graduate programs with online offerings

无注释原文：

Middlebury to close MIIS by June 2027

From: Middlebury Campus

The college will end all residential graduate programs and certain online degrees at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies (MIIS) by June 2027. In a community-wide email and video announcement, college President Ian Baucom said that the Board of Trustees decided on Wednesday, August 27 to approve his recommendation that Middlebury phase its Monterey-based programs out within the next two years, citing severe under enrollment and financial deficits. 

This decision follows the college's announcement of its $14.1 million dollar deficit in April, $8.7 million of which is accounted for by the struggling Institute. The series of cost-saving measures listed in that budget update, which included reductions to the retirement benefits of faculty and staff and increases in enrollment, sparked several forms of protest and calls to dissolve MIIS from Vermont faculty, staff and students. In May, faculty voted in overwhelming favor of a motion demanding the closure of MIIS within three years. 

Baucom's email shared that all currently enrolled students will be able to complete their degrees with full access to campus resources. Faculty and staff at MIIS will also be supported through a phased transition process, with staff receiving at least four months notice before their positions are eliminated. 

“To be clear, this was a financial decision and not a reflection on the quality of our programs or our outstanding Monterey colleagues, whose work is far reaching and significant,” Baucom wrote in the email. 

The phase-out will close all onsite graduate degree programs in Monterey, as well as two online degree programs: International Education Management and Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL). Its other online programs — Cybersecurity, Localization Project Management, and MPA in Sustainability, and Organizational Leadership — will remain in place.

“With this motion, we can send Ian Baucom a clear message that we expect him to focus on repairing the college's identity and restoring our sense of purpose,” a faculty member said at the meeting in May. “We need to send him the same message that I will share with my friends at Monterey after this vote, that we must stop wasting big amounts of money and time on this attempt to be big, because it is time to start thinking big about being small.” 

But in the video message sent with the email announcing the decision to close MIIS, Baucom clarified that Middlebury remains a globally-focused institution.

"[This decision] does not reflect a retreat from our global mission," Baucom said. "Whatever our decision is on MIIS, we must and will continue to be a Middlebury for the world."

Baucom in the video expressed his revere for all members of the community at Monterey and his regrets over the difficulty of the choice. 

“This was an immensely challenging decision, one I did not recommend lightly, and one the board did not endorse lightly,” Baucom said.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Middlebury to close MIIS by June 2027

From: Middlebury Campus

The college will end all residential graduate programs and certain online degrees at the Middlebury Institute of International Studies (MIIS) by June 2027. In a community-wide email and video announcement, college President Ian Baucom said that the Board of Trustees decided on Wednesday, August 27 to approve his recommendation that Middlebury phase its Monterey-based programs out within the next two years, citing severe under enrollment and financial deficits.

明德学院（Middlebury）宣布，其旗下的蒙特雷国际研究学院（Middlebury Institute of International Studies, MIIS）的所有住宿研究生课程及部分在线学位项目，将于2027年6月前全部停止招生。校长伊恩·鲍科姆（Ian Baucom）在一封致全校的公开邮件和视频公告中表示，董事会已于8月27日（星期三）批准了他的提案。由于蒙特雷校区长期面临生源锐减和财政赤字的严峻挑战，学校决定在未来两年内逐步结束该校区的各项课程项目。

residential /ˌrez.ɪˈden.ʃəl/ 表示“居住的；定居的”，英文解释为“relating to where you live or have lived”举个🌰：You must satisfy the residential qualifications to get a work permit. 要想得到工作许可，你必须要符合居民资格。

trustee /ˌtrʌsˈtiː/ 表示“（财产的）受托人；（慈善事业或其他机构的）受托人”，英文解释为“a person, often one of a group, who controls property and/or money for another person or an organization”如：the museum's board of trustees 博物馆的受托人理事会。

phase /feɪz/ sth out表示“逐步淘汰，分阶段停止使用”，英文解释为“to remove or stop using something gradually or in stages”举个🌰：They said the present system should be phased out. 他们说现行的体系应该逐步淘汰。

英式 enrolment 美式 enrollment /ɪnˈroʊl.mənt/ 表示“登记，入学，注册，登记（人数）”，英文解释为“the act of officially joining a course, school, etc.; the number of people who do this”举个🌰：Enrolment during the school year is limited to about 40 students. 学年招生人数限制在40人左右。

deficit /ˈdef.ɪ.sɪt/ 1）表示“赤字；逆差；亏损”，英文解释为“the amount by which money spent or owed is greater than money earned in a particular period of time”举个🌰：The UK's deficit in manufactured goods fell slightly in the last three months. 在过去的3个月里，英国制造业的亏损略有好转。

2）表示“不足额；缺款额；缺少”，英文解释为“the amount by which sth, especially an amount of money, is too small or smaller than sth else”举个🌰：The team has to come back from a 2–0 deficit in the first half. 这支队得扳回上半场0:2的落后局面。

This decision follows the college's announcement of its $14.1 million dollar deficit in April, $8.7 million of which is accounted for by the struggling Institute. The series of cost-saving measures listed in that budget update, which included reductions to the retirement benefits of faculty and staff and increases in enrollment, sparked several forms of protest and calls to dissolve MIIS from Vermont faculty, staff and students. In May, faculty voted in overwhelming favor of a motion demanding the closure of MIIS within three years.

此次决定并非无的放矢。早在今年四月，学校就公布了高达1410万美元的财政赤字，其中有870万美元源于运营艰难的蒙特雷学院。当时，为填补预算漏洞而提出的一系列节流方案——包括削减教职工退休福利、扩大招生规模等——立刻在佛蒙特主校区引发了强烈反弹，师生们以多种形式表示不满，甚至有人直接要求解散蒙特雷学院。至五月，教职工以压倒性票数通过了一项动议，要求校方在三年内关闭蒙特雷学院。

reduction /rɪˈdʌk.ʃən/ 表示“减少；减小；降低；缩小”，英文解释为“the act of making something, or of something becoming, smaller in size, amount, degree, importance, etc.”如：a reduction in traffic 交通量的减少。

spark /spɑːk/ 表示“引发”，英文解释为“If one thing sparks another, the first thing causes the second thing to start happening.”举个🌰：My teacher organized a unit on computer science that really sparked my interest. 我的老师编排了一个关于计算机科学的单元，它真正激发了我的兴趣。

此前，《后浪》和「青年」文中标题中就用到：Bilibili's May 4th Youth Day video sparks discussion on social media 引发热议。

类似的还有：

📍stir表示“激发，激起（强烈的感情）；引起（强烈的反应）”，英文解释为“to make someone have a strong feeling or reaction”举个🌰：The poem succeeds in stirring the imagination. 这首诗能够激发起想象力。

📍provoke也表示“激起，引起”，英文解释为“to cause a reaction or feeling, especially a sudden one”，如：provoke debate/discussion 激起辩论/讨论。

📍spur 鼓动；激励；鞭策；刺激；鼓舞”，英文解释为“If one thing spurs you to do another, it encourages you to do it.”举个🌰：It's the money that spurs these fishermen to risk a long ocean journey in their flimsy boats. 是金钱驱使这些渔民驾驶单薄的小船冒险出海远航。

🎬电影《龙之心3：巫师的诅咒》（Dragonheart 3: The Sorcerer's Curse）中的台词提到：To spur the clans to war. 激励部族发起战争。

📍trigger表示“发动；引起；触发”，英文解释为“to make sth happen suddenly”举个🌰：Nuts can trigger off a violent allergic reaction. 坚果可以引起严重的过敏反应。

dissolve /dɪˈzɒlv/ 1）表示“（使）溶解”，英文解释为“(of a solid) to be absorbed by a liquid, especially when mixed, or (of a liquid) to absorb a solid”举个🌰：Dissolve two spoons of powder in warm water. 将两勺粉末溶解在温水中。

2）表示“解散；解除；终止（婚姻关系或业务协议）”，英文解释为“When a marriage or business arrangement is dissolved, it is officially ended.”举个🌰：Their marriage was dissolved in 2023. 他们的婚姻于2023年走到了尽头。

补充：

📍dissolve into tears/laughter表示“情不自禁地哭/笑了起来”（to suddenly start to cry or laugh）举个🌰：When he saw her picture, he dissolved into tears. 看见她的照片，他情不自禁地哭了起来。

overwhelming /ˌəʊ.vəˈwel.mɪŋ/ 1）表示“难以抵挡的；无法抗拒的；强悍而令人难以应对的”，英文解释为“difficult to fight against”举个🌰：She felt an overwhelming urge/desire/need to tell someone about what had happened. 她感到有一种抑制不住的冲动/欲望/需要想告诉别人所发生的事情。

2）表示“巨大的，极大的；（数量上）压倒性的”，英文解释为“You can use overwhelming to emphasize that an amount or quantity is much greater than other amounts or quantities.”举个🌰：An overwhelming majority has voted in favour of the proposal. 绝大多数的人投票赞成该提议。

📍词根“whelm”表示“淹没”，前缀“over-”表示“过度”。近义词：staggering（惊人的），同根词：whelm（淹没），常用短语：feel overwhelmed by something（被某事压垮）

Baucom's email shared that all currently enrolled students will be able to complete their degrees with full access to campus resources. Faculty and staff at MIIS will also be supported through a phased transition process, with staff receiving at least four months notice before their positions are eliminated.

鲍科姆在邮件中保证，所有在读学生都能顺利完成学业，并充分享受所有校园资源。对于蒙特雷学院的教职工，校方将提供分阶段的过渡支持，并保证在撤销每个岗位前，至少提前四个月通知相关人员。

eliminate /iˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ 1）表示“排除；消除；清除”，英文解释为“to remove or take away someone or something”举个🌰：A move towards healthy eating could help eliminate heart disease. 养成健康的饮食习惯有助于消除心脏病诱因。

2）表示“（比赛中）淘汰”，英文解释为“to defeat someone so that they cannot continue in a competition”举个🌰：He was eliminated in the third round of the competition. 他在第3轮比赛中被淘汰。

“To be clear, this was a financial decision and not a reflection on the quality of our programs or our outstanding Monterey colleagues, whose work is far reaching and significant,” Baucom wrote in the email.

“需要说明的是，这个决定纯粹出于财务考量，绝非对我们课程质量或蒙特雷校区优秀同事工作的否定——他们的工作影响深远且意义重大，”鲍科姆在邮件中写道。

far-reaching /ˌfɑːˈriː.tʃɪŋ/ 表示“影响深远的；波及广泛的”，英文解释为“Something far-reaching has a great influence on many people or things.”举个🌰：These new laws will have far-reaching benefits for all working mothers. 这些新法律影响深远，将惠及所有在职母亲。

The phase-out will close all onsite graduate degree programs in Monterey, as well as two online degree programs: International Education Management and Teaching English to Speakers of Other Languages (TESOL). Its other online programs — Cybersecurity, Localization Project Management, and MPA in Sustainability, and Organizational Leadership — will remain in place.

此次调整涉及蒙特雷校区所有线下研究生学位项目，以及两个在线项目：国际教育管理和对外英语教学（TESOL）。其他在线课程——包括网络安全、本地化项目管理、可持续公共管理硕士（MPA）以及组织领导力等将保留。

on-site /ˌɒnˈsaɪt/ 表示“在工地的；在现场的”，英文解释为“existing or happening in the place where people are working or involved in a particular activity”如：on-site facilities 现场设施。

sustainability /səˌsteɪ.nəˈbɪl.ə.ti/ 表示“（可）持续性，永续性”，英文解释为“the quality of causing little or no damage to the environment and therefore able to continue for a long time”如：the company's commitment to environmental sustainability 公司对环境可持续性的承诺。

“With this motion, we can send Ian Baucom a clear message that we expect him to focus on repairing the college's identity and restoring our sense of purpose,” a faculty member said at the meeting in May. “We need to send him the same message that I will share with my friends at Monterey after this vote, that we must stop wasting big amounts of money and time on this attempt to be big, because it is time to start thinking big about being small.”

“通过这项提议，我们向伊恩·鲍科姆传递了清晰的信号：希望他集中精力重塑学院特色，找回我们的办学初心，”一位教师在五月会议上坦言。“这个信号同样适用于蒙特雷的同事们：我们不应该继续耗费大量时间和金钱盲目追求规模扩张，而是时候认真思考如何走‘小而精’的发展道路了。”

motion /ˈməʊ.ʃən/ 1）表示“（会议中正式提出准备表决的）提议，动议”，英文解释为“a formal suggestion made, discussed, and voted on at a meeting”举个🌰：Someone proposed a motion to increase the membership fee to $500 a year. 有人提议将年会费增加至500美元。

2）表示“动；运动；移动”，英文解释为“the act or process of moving, or a particular action or movement”举个🌰：The violent motion of the ship upset his stomach. 船的剧烈摇晃使他的胃很不舒服。

But in the video message sent with the email announcing the decision to close MIIS, Baucom clarified that Middlebury remains a globally-focused institution.

但在宣布关闭蒙特雷学院邮件附带的视频中，鲍科姆澄清，明德学院将继续保持全球化办学特色。

clarify /ˈklær.ɪ.faɪ/ 表示“澄清；阐明；使更清晰易懂”，英文解释为“to make something clear or easier to understand by giving more details or a simpler explanation”举个🌰：Could you clarify the first point please? I don't understand it completely. 请你把第一点再阐释一下，好吗？我没有完全明白。

"[This decision] does not reflect a retreat from our global mission," Baucom said. "Whatever our decision is on MIIS, we must and will continue to be a Middlebury for the world."

“这个决定绝不意味着我们要放弃全球使命，”鲍科姆表示。“无论蒙特雷学院何去何从，明德学院都必须且将继续保持面向世界的办学特色。”

retreat /rɪˈtriːt/ 表示“静修，静思（时间）”，英文解释为“a period of time used to pray and study quietly, or to think carefully, away from normal activities and duties”举个🌰：We went on (a) retreat at/to a monastery. 我们去一家修道院静修。

2）表示“撤退，退却，后退”，英文解释为“a move back by soldiers or an army, either because they have been defeated or in order to avoid fighting”

📍补充：“staff retreat”指的是公司或机构员工集体外出参加的非正式活动，通常包括团队建设、头脑风暴、培训或放松等内容。根据语境，“员工团建活动” 或 “员工研讨会” 是较为自然的翻译。如果强调“远离日常工作环境进行深入讨论”，可以用“务虚会”；如果活动侧重于放松和团队建设，“团队拓展”也可以。但这里更偏向于轻松的内部讨论，因此“员工团建活动”更贴切。

Baucom in the video expressed his revere for all members of the community at Monterey and his regrets over the difficulty of the choice.

鲍科姆在视频中表达了对蒙特雷校区全体师生的崇高敬意，并对这个艰难决定表示遗憾。

revere /rɪˈvɪə/ 表示“崇敬”，英文解释为“If you revere someone or something, you respect and admire them greatly.”举个🌰：The Chinese revered corn as a gift from heaven. 中国人将谷物奉为天赐礼物。

📍形容词性：revered，受尊崇的，如：some of the country's most revered institutions 该国一些最受尊崇的机构。

“This was an immensely challenging decision, one I did not recommend lightly, and one the board did not endorse lightly,” Baucom said.

“这是一个异常艰难的决定，我提出建议时经过慎重考虑，董事会批准时也同样深思熟虑，”鲍科姆坦言。

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