珍·古道尔逝世

当地时间10月1日，联合国和平使者、珍·古道尔研究所创始人珍·古道尔因自然原因去世，享年91岁。

无注释原文：

Dame Jane Goodall remembered as 'true hero for the planet'

From: BBC

Former US president Barack Obama said Dr Goodall "opened doors for generations of women in science", while actor and environmental campaigner Leonardo DiCaprio said she "inspired millions to care, to act, and to hope", and called her "a true hero for the planet".

Dr Goodall died of natural causes while in California on a speaking tour of the US, according to a statement from the Jane Goodall Institute. It said her discoveries "revolutionised science" and that she advocated "for the protection and restoration of our natural world".

The United Nations said it mourned the loss of Dr Goodall, saying that she "worked tirelessly for our planet and all its inhabitants, leaving an extraordinary legacy for humanity and nature".

Greenpeace said it was "heartbroken" by her death, calling her "one of the true conservation giants of our time".

Its co-executive director in the UK, Will McCallum, said: "Dr Goodall's legacy is not only in science but in the global movement she helped spark to protect nature and give hope for a better world."

Naturalist Chris Packham told the BBC that he counted her among his heroes, calling her "revolutionary" and "remarkable".

"To have lost a hero at a time when we need all of them on the frontline fighting for life on earth is a tragedy."

Born in 1934 and raised in London, Dr Goodall said she became fascinated by animals after reading books like The Story of Dr Doolittle and Tarzan.

She met leading primatologist Prof Louis Leakey while staying on a friend's farm in Kenya in her mid-twenties. Although she had no qualifications, Mr Leakey saw her potential and helped arrange her first research trip to the jungles of Tanzania in 1960.

That year, she became the first person to record witnessing an animal using a tool - a large male chimpanzee, who she had named David Greybeard, digging termites out of a mound with a stick. Until then, it was thought only humans were intelligent enough to do so. Her observations challenged years of conventional scientific thinking and shaped the future of evolutionary science.

Her work was published in leading journals, and in 1965 she made the front cover of National Geographic, introducing the world to the emotional and social lives of the primates. She revealed that the animals form strong family bonds and even engage in warfare over territory. She featured in a television documentary narrated by Orson Welles, which saw her playing and wrestling with baby chimps.

Her approach - associating so closely with the animals she studied, naming them and even referring to them as "my friends" - was scoffed at by some, mostly male, scientists at the time. She undertook a PhD based on her findings, despite not having an undergraduate degree or any prior scientific training.

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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Dame Jane Goodall remembered as 'true hero for the planet'

From: BBC

Former US president Barack Obama said Dr Goodall "opened doors for generations of women in science", while actor and environmental campaigner Leonardo DiCaprio said she "inspired millions to care, to act, and to hope", and called her "a true hero for the planet".

美国前总统巴拉克·奥巴马（Barack Obama，欧巴马）赞扬道：“她为世代女性科学家开启了大门。”演员兼环保运动家莱昂纳多·迪卡普里奥（Leonardo DiCaprio）则表示，她“激励了数百万人关怀、行动，并怀抱希望”，并称她为“地球的真正英雄”。

campaigner /ˌkæmˈpeɪ.nər/ 表示“运动参加者；运动倡导者；活动家”，英文解释为“a person who takes part in organized activities that are intended to change something in society”如：an animal rights campaigner 动物权利运动的支持者。

Dr Goodall died of natural causes while in California on a speaking tour of the US, according to a statement from the Jane Goodall Institute. It said her discoveries "revolutionised science" and that she advocated "for the protection and restoration of our natural world".

根据“珍·古道尔'研究所”的声明，古道尔'博士在美国演讲巡回途中于加州因自然原因离世。该声明指出，她的发现“革新了科学界”，而她本人则是“为守护与复育自然世界而不懈奋斗的倡导者”。

英式 revolutionise 美式 revolutionize /ˌrev.əˈluː.ʃən.aɪz/ 表示“使发生革命性剧变；在…方面引起突破性变革”，英文解释为“to completely change something so that it is much better”举个🌰：Newton's discoveries revolutionized physics. 牛顿的发现使物理学发生了革命性剧变。

advocate /ˈæd.və.keɪt/ 作动词，表示“主张；拥护；支持；提倡”，英文解释为“to publicly support or suggest an idea, development, or way of doing something”举个🌰：She advocates taking a more long-term view. 她主张把目光放得更长远一些。

作名词，1）表示“拥护者；支持者；提倡者；主张人”，英文解释为“An advocate of a particular action or plan is someone who recommends it publicly.”如：an advocate for hospital workers 医院工作人员的支持者。

2）表示“为 (某团体) 谋利益者”，英文解释为“An advocate for a particular group is a person who works for the interests of that group.”如：advocates for the homeless 为无家可归者谋利益的人。

3）表示“辩护律师”，英文解释为“An advocate is a lawyer who speaks in favour of someone or defends them in a court of law.”

The United Nations said it mourned the loss of Dr Goodall, saying that she "worked tirelessly for our planet and all its inhabitants, leaving an extraordinary legacy for humanity and nature".

联合国对古道尔博士的逝世表示哀悼，称她“为地球及其万物不遗余力地奉献，留下了对人类与自然界的非凡遗产”。

mourn /mɔːn/ 表示“（因失去…而）哀悼，忧伤”，英文解释为“to feel and show sadness because sb has died; to feel sad because sth no longer exists or is no longer the same”举个🌰：They mourn the passing of a simpler way of life. 他们对逝去的较为淳朴的生活感到惋惜。

近义词：

📍grieve for表示“（尤指因某人的去世而）悲伤，悲痛，伤心”，英文解释为“to feel very sad, especially because sb has died”举个🌰：They are still grieving for their dead child. 他们还在为死去的孩子伤心。

inhabitant /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/ 表示“（某地的）居民，栖居动物”，英文解释为“a person or animal that lives in a particular place”如：a city of five million inhabitants 拥有500万居民的城市。

legacy /ˈleɡ.ə.si/ 1）表示“遗产，遗赠”，英文解释为“money or property that you receive from someone after they die”举个🌰：An elderly cousin had left her a small legacy. 一位堂兄留给她一小笔遗产。

2）表示“历史遗产，遗留物”，英文解释为“something that is a part of your history or that remains from an earlier time”举个🌰：The Greeks have a rich legacy of literature. 希腊人有丰富的文学遗产。

Greenpeace said it was "heartbroken" by her death, calling her "one of the true conservation giants of our time".

“绿色和平组织”（Green Peace）则称其辞世令人“心碎”，并尊她为“当今真正的保育巨擘之一”。

conservation /ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən/ 表示“（对动植物、自然地区、历史建筑等的）保护”，英文解释为“the protection of plants and animals, natural areas, and interesting and important structures and buildings, especially from the damaging effects of human activity”如：wildlife conservation 野生生物保护，a conservation area 保护区。

Its co-executive director in the UK, Will McCallum, said: "Dr Goodall's legacy is not only in science but in the global movement she helped spark to protect nature and give hope for a better world."

该组织英国联合执行主任威尔·麦卡勒姆（Will McCallum）说：“古道尔'博士的遗产不仅在于科学，更在于她点燃的全球运动——守护自然、点亮希望、开创更美好的世界。”

Naturalist Chris Packham told the BBC that he counted her among his heroes, calling her "revolutionary" and "remarkable".

自然学家克里斯·帕克汉姆（Chris Packham）向BBC表示，他视古道尔'博士为英雄之一，称她“具有革命性”而且“非凡”。

"To have lost a hero at a time when we need all of them on the frontline fighting for life on earth is a tragedy."

“在我们亟需所有英雄在前线为地球生命奋战之际，失去这样一位英雄，实在是场悲剧。”

the front line /ˌfrʌnt ˈlaɪn/ 表示“（战争）前线”，英文解释为“a place where opposing armies face each other in war and where fighting happens”举个🌰：Tens of thousands of soldiers died on the front line. 数以万计的士兵在前线阵亡。

Born in 1934 and raised in London, Dr Goodall said she became fascinated by animals after reading books like The Story of Dr Doolittle and Tarzan.

古道尔博士于1934年出生并在伦敦长大。她表示，自己在閱读《杜立德医生的动物故事》（The Story of Dr Doolittle）和《泰山》（Tarzan）等书籍后，开始对动物产生浓厚兴趣。

She met leading primatologist Prof Louis Leakey while staying on a friend's farm in Kenya in her mid-twenties. Although she had no qualifications, Mr Leakey saw her potential and helped arrange her first research trip to the jungles of Tanzania in 1960.

20多岁时，她在非洲肯尼亚友人的农场逗留，结识著名灵长类学家路易斯·李基（Louis Leakey）教授。尽管她并无学位，李基先生却慧眼识才，促成她于1960年首度踏上坦桑尼亚（Tanzania，坦尚尼亚）丛林的田野调查之旅。

primatologist /ˌpraɪ.məˈtɒl.ə.dʒɪst/ 表示“灵长类动物学家”，英文解释为“a person who studies primates (= intelligent mammals including apes, monkeys, and humans)”如：a lecture on chimps by famed primatologist Jane Goodall 著名灵长类动物学家简•古道尔关于黑猩猩的讲座。

1）表示“（取得）比赛资格”，英文解释为“success in getting into a competition”举个🌰：The win earned them qualification for the World Cup finals. 这场胜利让他们获得了参加世界杯决赛的资格。

2）表示“资历，资格；条件；合格性”，英文解释为“an ability, characteristic, or experience that makes you suitable for a particular job or activity”举个🌰：Some nursing experience is a necessary qualification for this job. 具备一定的护理经验是得到这份工作的必要条件。

That year, she became the first person to record witnessing an animal using a tool - a large male chimpanzee, who she had named David Greybeard, digging termites out of a mound with a stick. Until then, it was thought only humans were intelligent enough to do so. Her observations challenged years of conventional scientific thinking and shaped the future of evolutionary science.

那一年，她首度记录到动物使用工具的景象——一头她命名为“大卫灰须”（David Greybeard）的雄性黑猩猩，用树枝从蚁冢中挖出白蚁。而在此之前，人们以为唯有人类具备此等智慧。她的观察颠覆了长久以来科学界的传统定见，塑造了演化科学的未来脉络。

termite /ˈtɜː.maɪt/ 表示“白蚁”，英文解释为“a small tropical insect that eats wood”

mound /maʊnd/ 表示“土堆，沙石堆；小丘”，英文解释为“a large pile of earth, stones, etc. like a small hill”；a mound of表示“（一）堆，一（垛）”（a large pile of something），如：a mound of potatoes/papers 一堆土豆/报纸。

conventional /kənˈven.ʃən.əl/ 表示“传统的；常规的；普通的”，英文解释为“traditional and ordinary”如：conventional behaviour 传统行为，conventional clothes 传统服装。

Her work was published in leading journals, and in 1965 she made the front cover of National Geographic, introducing the world to the emotional and social lives of the primates. She revealed that the animals form strong family bonds and even engage in warfare over territory. She featured in a television documentary narrated by Orson Welles, which saw her playing and wrestling with baby chimps.

她的研究成果刊载于顶尖期刊，1965年更登上《国家地理》封面，向世人揭开灵长类的情感与社交世界。她的研究揭示黑猩猩会结成深厚的家族纽带，甚至为领土开战。她主演的电视纪录片，由欧森·威尔斯（Orson Welles）旁白，记录了她与幼小黑猩猩嬉戏摔跤的温馨一刻。

primate /ˈpraɪ.meɪt/ 表示“灵长类动物”，英文解释为“a member of the most developed and intelligent group of mammals, including humans, monkeys, and apes”

1）表示“叙述”，英文解释为“If you narrate a story, you tell it from your own point of view.”举个🌰：The three of them narrate the same events from three perspectives. 他们3个人从3个角度叙述同样那些事件。

2）表示“给（电影或节目）作解说”，英文解释为“The person who narrates a film or programme speaks the words which accompany the pictures, but does not appear in it.”举个🌰：She also narrated a documentary about learning English. 她还为一部关于学习英语的纪录片作过解说。

🎬电影《钢铁侠2》（Iron Man 2）中的台词提到：And if you could just narrate those for us, 还望您能为在座各位讲解。

Her approach - associating so closely with the animals she studied, naming them and even referring to them as "my friends" - was scoffed at by some, mostly male, scientists at the time. She undertook a PhD based on her findings, despite not having an undergraduate degree or any prior scientific training.

她与所研究的动物如此亲密地互动，为它们取名，甚至称之为“我的挚友”，这种做法当时遭到了一些科学家（多为男性）的嘲笑。她后来凭借田野心得攻读博士学位，尽管她从无大学学历或科学训练。

scoff /skɒf/ 1）表示“嘲笑，讥笑”，英文解释为“to laugh and speak about a person or idea in a way that shows that you think they are stupid or silly”举个🌰：The critics scoffed at his paintings. 批评家对他的画作嗤之以鼻。

2）表示“狼吞虎咽地吃”，英文解释为“to eat something quickly and eagerly”举个🌰：I baked a huge cake this morning, and the kids scoffed the lot. 我今天早上烤了一个大蛋糕，孩子们狼吞虎咽地全吃光了。

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