日本迎来首位女首相

今天，日本迎来史上首位女首相高市早苗（Sanae Takaichi）。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What can be inferred about public perception toward Takaichi's leadership?

A. The public unanimously welcomes her as a symbol of women's empowerment

B. Many are skeptical that her leadership will lead to genuine gender equality reforms

C. Most people oppose her appointment because of her age and conservative stance

D. Her popularity mainly stems from her economic reform proposals

无注释原文：

Sanae Takaichi makes history as Japan's first female prime minister

From: BBC

Sanae Takaichi has been elected Japan's prime minister by parliament, making her the first woman to hold the office.

The 64-year-old won a clear majority on Tuesday - 237 votes in the powerful Lower House and another 125 in the Upper House - as leader of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).

A staunch conservative and admirer of the late former British PM Margaret Thatcher, Takaichi takes over at a challenging economic moment as Japan grapples with rising cost-of-living and a frustrated public.

It's also been an uncertain time for the world's fourth-largest economy. She is the fourth PM in just five years, after her predecessors' terms were cut short by plunging ratings and scandals.

Although she defeated four men to win the LDP race in early October, her path to the top job appeared to be blocked when the LDP's long-time coalition partner, the Komeito party, withdrew support.

But a last-minute deal with another opposition party - the right- leaning Japan Innovation Party (JIP), known as Ishin - saved her. She and the LDP will face voters next in 2028.

Meanwhile aside from domestic challenges, she faces tricky relationships abroad.

But the most important relationship is with the US and a test is around the corner - a meeting with US President Donald Trump next week.

While both sides have reached a tariff deal, Trump's past comments questioning the value of a security treaty between them and demanding Tokyo pay more for defence have raised concerns - Takaichi must navigate these alongside an unpredictable US administration.

At the age of 64, Takaichi is no stranger to Japanese politics.

A known ally of Abe, she has held several ministerial roles over her career and has run for the PM job before.

She was elected LDP leader after former PM and LDP leader Shigeru Ishiba resigned following major losses in midterm elections.

Nicknamed the "Iron Lady" for her admiration of Thatcher, Takaichi is known for conservative views, including her opposition to same-sex marriage and a growing demand to allow married women to keep their maiden surnames.

This has made some young women sceptical of the significance of her win.

"Everyone's like, 'Wow, she's the first female prime minister in Japanese history and that's a great opportunity for women's empowerment'," said 21-year-old student Ayda Ogura.

"[But] if you look into her political beliefs and what she stands for, you realise that some of the things are very traditional. Instead of creating structural change, she rather perpetuates the patriarchal system."

During her recent campaign she proposed expanded hospital services for women's health and giving household support workers greater recognition.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Sanae Takaichi makes history as Japan's first female prime minister

From: BBC

Sanae Takaichi has been elected Japan's prime minister by parliament, making her the first woman to hold the office.

日本国会选举高市早苗（Sanae Takaichi）为首相，这也标志着日本迎来了首位女性首相。

parliament /ˈpɑː.lɪ.mənt/ 表示“议会”，英文解释为“in some countries, the group of (usually) elected politicians or other people who make the laws for their country”

The 64-year-old won a clear majority on Tuesday - 237 votes in the powerful Lower House and another 125 in the Upper House - as leader of the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).

现年64岁的高市早苗在周二的投票中以压倒性优势当选，作为执政自民党党首，她在众议院赢得237票，在参议院赢得125票。

lower house /ˌləʊ.ə ˈhaʊs/ 表示“下议院；众议院”，英文解释为“one of the two parts that some parliaments are divided into, usually the one with more political power”

upper house /ˌʌp.ə ˈhaʊs/ 表示“（英国）上议院；（美国）参议院”，英文解释为“one of the two parts that some parliaments are divided into”举个🌰：In the UK, the upper house is the House of Lords. 在英国，上议院又称贵族院。

A staunch conservative and admirer of the late former British PM Margaret Thatcher, Takaichi takes over at a challenging economic moment as Japan grapples with rising cost-of-living and a frustrated public.

作为坚定的保守派、已故英国前首相玛格丽特·撒切尔（Margaret Thatcher）的崇拜者，高市早苗在日本物价攀升、民众情绪不安的艰难经济时期接过首相重任。

staunch /stɔːntʃ/ 表示“忠实的；坚定的”，英文解释为“always loyal in supporting a person, organization, or set of beliefs or opinions”如：a staunch friend and ally 忠实的朋友和盟友。

作动词，原意表示“止住（血等的）流出”，英文解释为“to stop the flow of sth, especially blood”如：staunch the flow of blood 止住了出血，也可以理解为“制止”。

🎬电影《政局密云》（State of Play）中的台词提到：Mr. Collins moved to staunch a growing tide 科林斯先生今天下午站出来平息。

conservative /kənˈsɜː.və.tɪv/ 作名词，表示“保守党，保守派”，作形容词，表示“保守的；守旧的”，英文解释为“not usually liking or trusting change, especially sudden change”如：a conservative society/outlook 保守的社会/观念。

Conservative 表示“（英国）保守党的”，英文解释为“belonging to or supporting the British political party that traditionally supports business and opposes high taxes and government involvement in industry”如：the Conservative Party 保守党，Conservative policies 保守党奉行的政策。

1）表示“扭打；搏斗”，英文解释为“to take a firm hold of sb/sth and struggle with them”举个🌰：Passers-by grappled with the man after the attack. 袭击之后过路人便与这男人扭打起来。

2）表示“努力设法解决；尽力解决；设法对付；尽量克服”，英文解释为“to try hard to find a solution to a problem”举个🌰：The government has yet to grapple with the problem of air pollution. 政府还需尽力解决空气污染问题。

🎬电影《钢铁侠3》（Iron Man 3）中的台词提到：trying to grapple with something from some hard-crypt data files 希望能在一些加密的数据文件里找到线索...

It's also been an uncertain time for the world's fourth-largest economy. She is the fourth PM in just five years, after her predecessors' terms were cut short by plunging ratings and scandals.

对于世界第四大经济体来说，这同样是一个充满不确定性的时期。她是过去五年内的第四位首相，其前任因支持率暴跌和丑闻相继提前下台。

predecessor /ˈpriː.dɪˌses.ər/ 表示“前任，前辈；原有事物，前身”，英文解释为“someone who had a job or a position before someone else, or something that comes before another thing in time or in a series”

📍successor表示“继任者，接替者；继承人；接替的事物”，英文解释为“someone or something that comes after another person or thing”举个🌰：This range of computers is very fast, but their successors will be even faster. 这个系列的电脑速度很快，但它的换代产品速度会更快。

plunging /ˈplʌn.dʒɪŋ/ 表示“突然下跌的，猛降的”，英文解释为“dropping suddenly or having a shape that drops a long way down”如：plunging sales figures 骤降的销售额。

Although she defeated four men to win the LDP race in early October, her path to the top job appeared to be blocked when the LDP's long-time coalition partner, the Komeito party, withdrew support.

尽管她在十月初击败四名男性候选人赢得自民党党首之位，但当与自民党长期盟友公明党分道扬镳时，她的首相之路一度陷入危机。

coalition /ˌkəʊəˈlɪʃən/ 表示“（不同政党或不同群体的人为特定目标而暂时形成的）联盟，同盟，联合体”，英文解释为“the joining together of different political parties or groups for a particular purpose, usually for a limited time, or a government that is formed in this way”

But a last-minute deal with another opposition party - the right- leaning Japan Innovation Party (JIP), known as Ishin - saved her. She and the LDP will face voters next in 2028.

不过，她在最后时刻与另一反对党、右翼的日本维新会（JIP）达成协议，保住了首相职位。她与自民党将在2028年迎来下一次选举。

Meanwhile aside from domestic challenges, she faces tricky relationships abroad.

除日本内政难题外，她同样要应对棘手的外交关系。

tricky /ˈtrɪk.i/ 作形容词，表示“难办的；难对付的；棘手的”，英文解释为“If a piece of work or problem is tricky, it is difficult to deal with and needs careful attention or skill.”举个🌰：I'm in a tricky situation - whatever I do I'll offend someone. 我的处境真有点儿难办——我无论怎么做都会得罪人。

But the most important relationship is with the US and a test is around the corner - a meeting with US President Donald Trump next week.

但最重要的关系是与美国的关系，而眼前的考验即将来临——她将在下周会见美国总统唐纳德·特朗普。

(just) around the corner表示“不远，就在附近；即将来临”，英文解释为“not far away, or going to happen soon”举个🌰：I'm feeling a little depressed at the moment, but I'm sure good times are just around the corner. 目前事事令人沮丧，但我仍相信好日子就在前面。

While both sides have reached a tariff deal, Trump's past comments questioning the value of a security treaty between them and demanding Tokyo pay more for defence have raised concerns - Takaichi must navigate these alongside an unpredictable US administration.

尽管双方已达成关税协议，但特朗普此前质疑美日安保条约价值、要求日本承担更多防务费用的言论引发担忧——高市早苗必须在应对多变的美国政府时谨慎行事。

tariff /ˈtærɪf/ 表示“关税”，英文解释为“A tariff is a tax that a government collects on goods coming into a country.”

At the age of 64, Takaichi is no stranger to Japanese politics.

64岁的高市早苗早已是日本政坛的老将。

A known ally of Abe, she has held several ministerial roles over her career and has run for the PM job before.

她是安倍晋三的长期盟友，曾担任多项内阁要职，也曾竞逐首相职位。

She was elected LDP leader after former PM and LDP leader Shigeru Ishiba resigned following major losses in midterm elections.

在前首相、自民党党首石破茂因中期选举惨败而辞职后，她接任自民党党首。

Nicknamed the "Iron Lady" for her admiration of Thatcher, Takaichi is known for conservative views, including her opposition to same-sex marriage and a growing demand to allow married women to keep their maiden surnames.

因崇拜撒切尔夫人而被称为“铁娘子”的高市早苗，以其保守立场著称，她反对同性婚姻，也反对允许已婚女性保留婚前姓氏的呼声。

nickname /ˈnɪk.neɪm/ 可以作名词，也可以作动词，表示“给…起绰号”，英文解释为“to give a nickname to sb/sth”举个🌰：LR was nicknamed ‘Lu Rou’. LR外号叫“卤肉”。

maiden /ˈmeɪ.dən/ 表示“女孩，少女，年轻女子”，英文解释为“a girl or young woman”举个🌰：In the story, the prince woos and wins the fair maiden. 在故事里，王子向那位美丽的姑娘求婚并赢得了她的芳心。

作形容词，表示“首次的，初次的”，英文解释为“being the first of its type”如：his maiden appearance on TV 他在电视上的首次亮相，举个🌰：The first hydrogen-powered airplane will make its maiden flight this year. 第一架氢动力飞机将在今年进行首飞。

maiden name /ˈmeɪ.dən ˌneɪm/ 表示“（女子的）娘家姓”，英文解释为“A woman's maiden name is the family name she has before she gets married.”

This has made some young women sceptical of the significance of her win.

这使得一些年轻女性对她当选的意义持怀疑态度。

sceptical /ˈskep.tɪ.kəl/ 表示“怀疑的，持怀疑态度的”，英文解释为“doubting that something is true or useful”举个🌰：Many experts remain sceptical about/of their claims. 很多专家对他们的主张仍然持怀疑态度。

"Everyone's like, 'Wow, she's the first female prime minister in Japanese history and that's a great opportunity for women's empowerment'," said 21-year-old student Ayda Ogura.

“大家都在说，‘哇，她是日本历史上首位女首相，这是女性赋权的伟大契机’，”21岁的学生小仓绫田说道。

empowerment /ɪmˈpaʊə.mənt/ 表示“赋权，使有能力”，英文解释为“the process of gaining freedom and power to do what you want or to control what happens to you”如：female/youth empowerment 赋权于女性/青年。

"[But] if you look into her political beliefs and what she stands for, you realise that some of the things are very traditional. Instead of creating structural change, she rather perpetuates the patriarchal system."

“但如果你仔细看看她的政治理念和立场，你会发现其中很多都非常传统。她并没有推动结构性变革，反而延续了父权体系。”

perpetuate /pəˈpɛtjʊˌeɪt/ 表示“使永久化；使持久化；使持续”，英文解释为“to make sth such as a bad situation, a belief, etc. continue for a long time”如：to perpetuate injustice 持续造成不公正。

📺美剧《我为喜剧狂》（30 Rock）第二季中的台词提到文中的两个词，perpetuate和stereotype：I don't want to perpetuate any black stereotypes. 字面意思：我不想加深任何黑人的成见；字幕组处理为：我不想听这些陈词滥调。

⚠️区分：perpetrate /ˈpɜːpətreɪt/ 表示“犯（罪）；做（错事）；干（坏事）”（to commit a crime or do sth wrong or evil），如：to perpetrate a crime/fraud 犯罪/行骗。

📍 perpetrator /ˈpɜːpətreɪtə(r)/表人，指的是“作恶者；犯罪者”，英文解释为“someone who does something morally wrong or illegal”

📺美剧《疑犯追踪》（Person of Interest）的片头经典台词就有一句：But victim or perpetrator, if your number is up, we'll find you.（但无论是受害人还是行凶者,只要你的号码被列出来，我们就会找到你。）

patriarchal /ˌpeɪtrɪˈɑːkəl/ 表示“父权制的，男性主宰统治的”，英文解释为“ruled or controlled by men”如：a patriarchal society 男权社会。

During her recent campaign she proposed expanded hospital services for women's health and giving household support workers greater recognition.

在竞选期间，她提出扩大女性健康相关的医疗服务，并提高家政从业者的社会地位。

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