俞敏洪回应南极游

近日，在新东方成立32周年之际，俞敏洪从南极发布全员内部信，信中5次提及“南极风光”，引发热议。

俞敏洪回应：“感谢这几天朋友们对我的关心。允许员工吐槽是新东方的传统，我一直鼓励。员工有不满，我和公司有问题，及时纠正。也有冒充新东方员工在网上发声的，我相信大家也能明辨。南极是一片纯净的土地，如果大家有机会，可以来看看。我打算明年冬天，选择10个左右的新东方、东方甄选的基层优秀员工，加上东方甄选10个优秀会员，由公司支持到南极来看一看。”

借（cèng）此（gè）机（rè）会（diǎn），我们就来看看南极企鹅那些事儿。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What can be inferred about the long-term safety of emperor penguin habitats from Dr. Trathan's comments?

A. The safest breeding areas may no longer remain stable under changing climate conditions

B. Penguins will inevitably abandon all colonies located near sea ice

C. Human disturbance is the primary threat to penguin colonies

D. Emperor penguins will adapt quickly to all environmental disruptions

无注释原文：

An Emperor Penguin Colony in Antarctica Vanishes

From: The New York Times

The Antarctic's second-largest colony of emperor penguins collapsed in 2016, with more than 10,000 chicks lost, and the population has not recovered, according to a new study.

Many of the adults relocated nearby, satellite imagery shows, but the fact that emperor penguins are vulnerable in what had been considered the safest part of their range raises serious long-term concerns, said Phil Trathan, the paper's co-author and head of conservation biology with the British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge, England.

“That means that these places aren't as safe as we thought previously,” Dr. Trathan said.

The colony at Halley Bay has all but disappeared, the research team at the British Antarctic Survey said in a statement.

Emperor penguins — the world's largest — breed and molt on sea ice, chunks of frozen seawater. Awkward on land, they cannot climb icy cliffs and so are vulnerable to warming weather and high winds whipping across the ice. Under the influence of the strongest El Niño in 60 years, September 2015 was a particularly stormy month in the area of Halley Bay in Antarctica, with heavy winds and record-low sea ice.

The penguins generally stayed there from April until December when their chicks fledged, or had grown their feathers, but the storm occurred before the chicks were old enough.

Those conditions, Dr. Trathan said, appeared to have led to the loss of about 14,500 to 25,000 eggs or chicks that first year and the colony has not rebounded. The study called the three-year decline unprecedented: “three years of almost total breeding failure.”

Still, the population in Halley Bay represents only about 8 percent of the world's population of emperor penguins, Dr. Trathan said, so the loss does not pose a threat to the future of the species. Roughly 130,000 to 250,000 breeding pairs of emperor penguins live in 54 colonies worldwide, he said.

British researchers have been studying penguins in the area since 1956 and had never seen a decline of this magnitude, he said.

Other scientists have projected drastic declines in emperor penguin populations by the end of the century, because of climate change. Stephanie Jenouvrier, an associate researcher at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts, has predicted a 30 percent worldwide drop in coming decades. Her model did not include significant events like the 2015 stormy season, which will most likely make the situation worse, she said.

Several researchers said they were encouraged by satellite evidence suggesting that many of the animals were able to relocate to a colony called Dawson-Lambton, about 35 miles to the south, which has seen a more than tenfold increase in penguins in the last few years.

“It is a very huge movement and a huge number of birds that were able to move between two colonies after an extreme event,” Dr. Jenouvrier said. “I think this is very cool to be able to show that.”

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为纽约时报官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

An Emperor Penguin Colony in Antarctica Vanishes

From: The New York Times

The Antarctic's second-largest colony of emperor penguins collapsed in 2016, with more than 10,000 chicks lost, and the population has not recovered, according to a new study.

一项新研究显示，南极第二大帝企鹅种群在2016年锐减，超过1万只企鹅幼崽死亡，其种群数量至今仍未恢复。

Antarctica /ænˈtɑːk.tɪ.kə/ 表示“南极”，英文解释为“the continent around the South Pole”

📍the South Pole表示“南极”，英文解释为“the point on the earth's surface that is furthest south”

colony /ˈkɒlənɪ/ 大家熟悉的“殖民地”这一意思就不多说了。colony还有几个比较有趣的意思。1）表示“（某一类人的）聚居区”，英文解释为：You can refer to a place where a particular group of people lives as a particular kind of colony，比如《甄嬛传》中的宁古塔就可以说是a penal colony（一个罪犯的流放地）。

2）表示“（生物）居住在一起的群体”，英文解释为A colony of birds, insects, or animals is a group of them that live together. 举个🌰： The islands are famed for their colonies of sea birds. 这些岛屿因有成群的海鸟居住而闻名。

📍还有看动物世界的时候，水牛什么的经常是一群群的，就可以用a buffalo colony表示。

chick /tʃɪk/ 表示“雏鸟，幼鸟；（尤指）小鸡”，英文解释为“a baby bird, especially a young chicken”

Many of the adults relocated nearby, satellite imagery shows, but the fact that emperor penguins are vulnerable in what had been considered the safest part of their range raises serious long-term concerns, said Phil Trathan, the paper's co-author and head of conservation biology with the British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge, England.

卫星图像显示，许多成年企鹅移居到了附近地区，但事实是，在被认为是它们活动范围内最安全的区域，帝企鹅仍然很脆弱，这引发了严峻的长期担忧，这篇论文的合著者、英国剑桥的英国南极调查局(British Antarctic Survey)保护生物学的负责人菲尔·特拉森(Phil Trathan)说。

表示“迁移；重新安置”，英文解释为“If people or businesses relocate or if someone relocates them, they move to a different place.”举个🌰：If the company was to relocate, most employees would move. 如果公司要迁移，大多数员工得搬家。

vulnerable /ˈvʌl.nər.ə.bəl/ 表示“易受伤的；易受影响（或攻击）的；脆弱的”，英文解释为“able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally hurt, influenced, or attacked”举个🌰：I felt very vulnerable, standing there without any clothes on. 一丝不挂地站在那儿，我感觉自己不堪一击。

conservation /ˌkɒn.səˈveɪ.ʃən/ 表示“（对动植物、自然地区、历史建筑等的）保护”，英文解释为“the protection of plants and animals, natural areas, and interesting and important structures and buildings, especially from the damaging effects of human activity”如：wildlife conservation 野生生物保护，a conservation area 保护区。

“That means that these places aren't as safe as we thought previously,” Dr. Trathan said.

“这意味着这些地方并不像我们之前认为的那么安全，”特拉森说。

The colony at Halley Bay has all but disappeared, the research team at the British Antarctic Survey said in a statement.

 英国南极调查局的研究小组在一份声明中称，哈雷湾的栖息地几乎消失了。

Emperor penguins — the world's largest — breed and molt on sea ice, chunks of frozen seawater. Awkward on land, they cannot climb icy cliffsand so are vulnerable to warming weather and high winds whipping across the ice. Under the influence of the strongest El Niño in 60 years, September 2015 was a particularly stormy month in the area of Halley Bay in Antarctica, with heavy winds and record-low sea ice.

帝企鹅——世界上最大的企鹅——在大块被冻住的海冰上繁殖和换毛。它们在陆地上很笨拙，无法攀爬冰崖，因此很容易受到气候变暖和大风掠过冰面的影响。受60年来最强的厄尔尼诺现象影响，2015年9月是南极洲哈雷湾地区暴风雨特别强的一个月，狂风四起，海冰创下历史新低。

英式moult，美式molt，表示“换羽；蜕毛”，英文解释为“to lose feathers or hair before new feathers or hair grow”举个🌰：Like most aquatic insects, mayflies moult as they grow. 像大多数水生昆虫一样，蜉蝣在成长过程中换羽。

chunk /tʃʌŋk/ 表示“大块；厚块；一部分；（尤指）大部分，一大块”，英文解释为“a roughly cut piece；a part of something, especially a large part”如：a chunk of cheese 一大块奶酪，a chunk of meat 一大块肉，a chunk of text 一大段文字，a substantial chunk of profits 利润的很大一部分。

📍《经济学人》（The Economist）一篇讲述中资银行崛起的文章中提到：If recent form is a guide, a chunk will be recycled into developing countries. 如果近期的情况可作为一种参考，那么其中的一大块又会被收集利用，流向发展中国家。

🎬电影《冰河世纪4：大陆漂移》（Ice Age: Continental Drift）中的台词提到：Now get this chunk of ice seaworthy by sundown 太阳下山前把这块浮冰给我找来。

cliff /klɪf/ 表示“（常指海岸的）悬崖，峭壁”，英文解释为“a high area of rock with a very steep side, often on a coast”举个🌰：Keep away from the edge of the cliff - you might fall. 离悬崖边远一点——会掉下去的。

whip /wɪp/ 作动词，1）表示“迅速拿来；快速拿走”，英文解释为“to bring or take something quickly”举个🌰：She whipped a handkerchief out of her pocket and wiped his face. 她迅速从口袋里掏出一块手绢，擦了擦他的脸。

2）表示“（使…）快速移动”，英文解释为“to (cause something to) move quickly and forcefully”举个🌰：The wind whipped across the half-frozen lake. 风刮过半结冰的湖面。

3）表示“鞭打，鞭笞”，英文解释为“to hit a person or animal with a whip”举个🌰：I don't like the way the drivers whip their horses. 我不喜欢马车夫那样鞭打马匹。

4）作名词，表示“（政党在议会或立法机关中监督该党其他党员在投票时出席并按规定投票的）组织秘书，党鞭”，英文解释为“(in many elected political systems) a member of a political party in a parliament or in the legislature whose job is to make certain that other party members are present at voting time and also to make certain that they vote in a particular way”。

The penguins generally stayed there from April until December when their chicks fledged, or had grown their feathers, but the storm occurred before the chicks were old enough.

从4月开始，企鹅一般就会在那里待到12月，等它们的幼崽长大一点，或者长出羽毛。但风暴发生时它们还不够大。

fledge /flɛdʒ/ 表示“羽毛长成，养（小鸟）到能飞”，英文解释为“(of a young bird) to grow feathers；to feed and care for (a young bird) until it is able to fly”。

Those conditions, Dr. Trathan said, appeared to have led to the loss of about 14,500 to 25,000 eggs or chicks that first year and the colony has not rebounded. The study called the three-year decline unprecedented: “three years of almost total breeding failure.”

特拉森说，这些情况似乎已经导致大约14500到25000只蛋或雏鸟在第一年就夭折了，它们的种群至今没有复苏。该研究称，三年的下降是前所未有的：“繁殖几乎完全失败的三年。”

rebound /ˌriːˈbaʊnd/ 1）表示“弹回；反弹；跳回”，英文解释为“to bounce back after hitting a hard surface”

2）表示“产生事与愿违的结果；适得其反”，英文解释为“If an action rebounds on you, it does not have the effect you hoped for but has an unpleasant effect on you instead.”举个🌰：His continual demands for sympathy rebounded on him because his friends finally stopped listening. 他没完没了地希望从别人那里得到同情，结果却适得其反，因为最终他的朋友们都不愿再听他诉苦。

3）表示“（价格）反弹”，英文解释为“to rise in price after a fall”举个🌰：Cotton rebounded from declines early in the day to end at a higher price. 棉花价格在今天较早时下跌之后反弹收高。

unprecedented /ʌnˈpres.ɪ.den.tɪd/ 表示“史无前例的，空前的；绝无仅有的”，英文解释为“never having happened or existed in the past”举个🌰：This century has witnessed environmental destruction on an unprecedented scale. 环境在本世纪遭到了空前的破坏。

词源和词根："un-"是"不"的意思，"precedented"来自拉丁语的"praecedere"，意为"走在前面"。派生词：unprecedentedly，常用短语：unprecedented event 空前的事件。

🎬电影《星运里的错》（The Fault in Our Stars）中的台词提到：You are so busy being you that you have no idea how utterly unprecedented you are. 你太忙于做自己 都没有意识到自己是那么的令人心动。

Still, the population in Halley Bay represents only about 8 percent of the world's population of emperor penguins, Dr. Trathan said, so the loss does not pose a threat to the future of the species. Roughly 130,000 to 250,000 breeding pairs of emperor penguins live in 54 colonies worldwide, he said.

尽管如此，特拉森说，哈雷湾的企鹅群体只占世界帝企鹅数量的8%左右，因此，这一损失不会对帝企鹅的未来构成威胁。他说约有13万到25万对可繁衍后代的帝企鹅生活在全世界54个栖息地。

British researchers have been studying penguins in the area since 1956 and had never seen a decline of this magnitude, he said.

他说，自1956年以来，英国研究人员一直在研究该地区的企鹅，但从未见过如此大规模的减少。

magnitude /ˈmæɡnɪtjuːd/ 1）表示“（尺寸、规模、重要性等）大的程度；巨大；重大，重要性”，英文解释为“the large size or importance of something”举个🌰：They don't seem to grasp the magnitude of the problem. 他们似乎未领会问题的重要性。

2）表示“震级”（the size of an earthquake）。

Other scientists have projected drastic declines in emperor penguin populations by the end of the century, because of climate change. Stephanie Jenouvrier, an associate researcher at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts, has predicted a 30 percent worldwide drop in coming decades. Her model did not include significant events like the 2015 stormy season, which will most likely make the situation worse, she said.

其他科学家预测，由于气候变化，到本世纪末，帝企鹅的数量将急剧下降。马萨诸塞州伍兹霍尔海洋研究所(Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution)的副研究员斯蒂芬妮·杰诺威耶(Stephanie Jenouvrier)预测，未来几十年在全球范围内将下降30％。她说，她的模型还没有包括2015年风暴季这样的重大事件，这很可能会让情况变得更糟。

project /ˈprɒdʒ.ekt/ 1）表示“放映；投射（影、像或光）”，英文解释为“to cause a film, image, or light to appear on a screen or other surface”举个🌰：Laser images were projected onto a screen. 激光图像被投射到了屏幕上。

2）表示“预计，推算”，英文解释为“to calculate an amount or number expected in the future from information already known”举个🌰：The spending is projected to rise by three percent next year. 明年支出预计将增加3%。

3）表示“投射（自己的感觉给别人）”，英文解释为“to wrongly imagine that someone else is feeling a particular emotion or desire when in fact it is you who feels this way”举个🌰：I suspect he's projecting his fears onto you. 我猜他是把他的恐惧投射到你身上了。

4）表示“向别人表现（某种品质）”，英文解释为“If you project a particular quality, that quality is what most people notice about you.”举个🌰：Recently she has sought to project a much tougher image. 最近她努力塑造一个更强硬的形象。

Several researchers said they were encouraged by satellite evidence suggesting that many of the animals were able to relocate to a colony called Dawson-Lambton, about 35 miles to the south, which has seen a more than tenfold increase in penguins in the last few years.

一些研究人员表示，卫星证据显示，许多企鹅能够迁徙到南方35英里（约合56公里）外的一个名为道森-拉姆顿的栖息地，过去几年，那里的企鹅数量增加了十倍以上，这让他们感到鼓舞。

tenfold /ˈten.fəʊld/ 1）表示“十倍的”，英文解释为“ten times as big or as much”如：a tenfold increase 十倍的增长。

2）表示“有十个部分的”，英文解释为“having ten parts”如：a tenfold classification 十部分的分类。

“It is a very huge movement and a huge number of birds that were able to move between two colonies after an extreme event,” Dr. Jenouvrier said. “I think this is very cool to be able to show that.”

“这是一次非常大的迁徙，在一次极端事件之后，还有数量庞大的企鹅能在两个群落之间移动，”杰诺威耶说，“我认为能够看到这一点非常酷。”

- 词汇盘点 -

- 词汇助记 By AI -

LearnAndRecord

2015年2月8日

2025年11月20日

第3939天

每天持续行动学外语