英国将禁止将活龙虾直接投入沸水烹煮

据报道，英国环境、食品与农村事务部近日发布的一份战略文件指出，将活龙虾放入沸水中烹煮的做法将被视为违法。参考阅读：英国计划禁止烹煮活龙虾

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. What can be inferred about the role of the 2022 Conservative law in the current proposal?

A. It legally mandates the immediate ban on live boiling

B. It weakens Labour's authority to introduce further reforms

C. It provides a conceptual foundation for extending welfare protections

D. It applies only to octopus and excludes crustaceans

无注释原文：

Boiling lobsters alive to be banned in UK animal cruelty crackdown

From: The Guardian

Boiling lobsters while they are alive and conscious will be banned as part of a government strategy to improve animal welfare in England.

Government ministers say that “live boiling is not an acceptable killing method” for crustaceans and alternative guidance will be published.

The practice is already illegal in Switzerland, Norway and New Zealand. Animal welfare charities say that stunning lobsters with an electric gun or chilling them in cold air or ice before boiling them is more humane.

A ban would build on a law introduced by the Conservatives in 2022, which stated that invertebrates including octopus, crabs and lobsters were sentient and felt pain as much as other animals.

Ben Sturgeon, chief executive of the charity Crustacean Compassion, welcomed the plans, saying: “When live, conscious animals are placed into boiling water, they endure several minutes of excruciating pain. This is torture and completely avoidable. Humane alternatives, like electrical stunning, are readily available.”

Other changes in a long-awaited Labour strategy announced on Monday include outlawing hen cages and pig farrowing crates, ending puppy farming, consulting on banning electric shock collars for dogs and introducing humane slaughter requirements for farmed fish.

Labour pledged in its manifesto to extend the 2005 foxhunting ban to trail hunting. Animal welfare charities say trail hunting is being deployed as a “smokescreen” to carry on killing foxes.

Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform UK, said the move was “authoritarian control freakery”. He added: “You might as well ban walking dogs in the countryside as they chase rabbits, hares, deer and foxes.”

Polling suggests that voters overwhelmingly support tougher rules on hunting, although Reform voters are more divided. According to findings from YouGov last year, 29% of the party's voters thought that hunting wild animals was acceptable, compared with 65% who thought it was not. Just 21% believed hunting with dogs should be allowed.

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注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为机器翻译并非一一对应，仅供参考

含注释全文：

Boiling lobsters alive to be banned in UK animal cruelty crackdown

From: The Guardian

Boiling lobsters while they are alive and conscious will be banned as part of a government strategy to improve animal welfare in England.

为改善动物福利，英国政府计划在英格兰实施一项禁令：不得在龙虾活着且有意识的状态下将其活活煮沸。

表示“龙虾；龙虾肉”，英文解释为“an animal that lives in the sea and has a long body covered with a hard shell, two large claws, and eight legs, or its flesh when used as food”。

conscious /ˈkɒn.ʃəs/ 表示“有意识的；神志清醒的；有知觉的”，英文解释为“awake, thinking, and knowing what is happening around you”举个🌰：He's still conscious but he's very badly injured. 他神志还清醒，但伤得很重。

📍be conscious of sth/sb表示“意识到；察觉到；感觉到”，英文解释为“to notice that a particular thing or person exists or is present”举个🌰：My tooth doesn't exactly hurt, but I'm conscious of it (= I can feel it) all the time. 牙齿并不疼，可是我总觉得不舒服。

📍“con-”表示“一起”，“sci-”源自拉丁语“scire”，意为“知道”。整个词表示有共同的知识或意识。近义词：aware（意识到的），同根词：consciousness（意识），常用短语：socially conscious（社会意识）

Government ministers say that “live boiling is not an acceptable killing method” for crustaceans and alternative guidance will be published.

英国政府官员表示，对甲壳类动物实施“活体煮沸”不可接受，政府将发布替代性处理方式指南。

crustacean /krʌsˈteɪ.ʃən/ 表示“甲壳类动物”，英文解释为“any of various types of animal that live in water and have a hard outer shell”

alternative本身可以作名词也可以作形容词，1）表示“可替代的，供选择的（事物）”英文解释为“An alternative plan or method is one that you can use if you do not want to use another one.”举个🌰：An alternative venue for the concert is being sought. 正在寻找其他可举办音乐会的地方。

2）表示“非传统的；另类的”，英文解释为“Alternative things are considered to be unusual and often have a small but enthusiastic group of people who support them.”如：alternative comedy 另类喜剧。

The practice is already illegal in Switzerland, Norway and New Zealand. Animal welfare charities say that stunning lobsters with an electric gun or chilling them in cold air or ice before boiling them is more humane.

这种做法在瑞士、挪威和新西兰已属于非法行为。动物福利慈善机构表示，在煮沸之前用电击枪将龙虾击晕，或通过冷空气、冰块使其降温，会更加符合人道原则。

stun /stʌn/ 1）表示“使震惊；使惊讶”，英文解释为“to shock or surprise someone very much”举个🌰：News of the disaster stunned people throughout the world. 灾难消息使全世界的人震惊。

2）表示“使失去知觉，使昏迷；（尤指重击头部）把…打昏”，英文解释为“to make a person or animal unconscious or unable to think normally, especially by hitting their head hard”举个🌰：Stunned by the impact, he lay on the ground wondering what had happened. 遭重击后，他躺在地上想弄清楚发生了什么事。

📍stunned /stʌnd/ 表示“目瞪口呆”，英文解释为“very shocked or surprised”举个🌰：I am stunned and saddened by this news. 这个消息令我大为震惊，非常难过。

humane /hjuːˈmeɪn/ 表示“（尤指对待受苦者）善良的，仁慈的，人道的”，英文解释为“showing kindness, care, and sympathy towards others, especially those who are suffering”

A ban would build on a law introduced by the Conservatives in 2022, which stated that invertebrates including octopus, crabs and lobsters were sentient and felt pain as much as other animals.

这一禁令是在保守党于2022年推出的一项立法基础上进一步推进的，该法律指出，包括章鱼、螃蟹和龙虾在内的无脊椎动物是有感知能力的，并且会像其他动物一样感到疼痛。

invertebrate /ɪnˈvɜː.tɪ.brət/ 表示“无脊椎动物”，英文解释为“an animal with no spine”举个🌰：Invertebrates, such as worms, are the main diet of these water birds. 蠕虫之类的无脊椎动物是这些水鸟的主要食物。

octopus /ˈɒk.tə.pəs/ 表示“章鱼”，英文解释为“a sea creature with a soft, oval body and eight tentacles (= long parts like arms)”

sentient /ˈsen.ti.ənt/ 表示“有知觉力的；有感觉力的”，英文解释为“able to experience feelings”举个🌰：It is hard for a sentient person to understand how any parents could treat their child so badly. 通人情的人很难理解一些父母怎么能如此虐待自己的孩子。

Ben Sturgeon, chief executive of the charity Crustacean Compassion, welcomed the plans, saying: “When live, conscious animals are placed into boiling water, they endure several minutes of excruciating pain. This is torture and completely avoidable. Humane alternatives, like electrical stunning, are readily available.”

慈善机构甲壳类关怀（Crustacean Compassion）首席执行官本·斯特金（Ben Sturgeon）对该计划表示支持，并表示：“当活着、有意识的生物被放入沸水中时，它们会承受数分钟极其剧烈的疼痛。这是一种酷刑，而且完全可以避免。而人道的替代方案如电击致昏方式早已具备。”

compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/ 表示“同情，怜悯，恻隐之心”，英文解释为“a strong feeling of sympathy for people who are suffering and a desire to help them”

excruciating /ɪkˈskruː.ʃi.eɪ.tɪŋ/ 1）表示“剧烈疼痛的；极痛苦的”，英文解释为“extremely painful”如：an excruciating pain in the lower back 腰部的剧烈疼痛。

2）表示“极其乏味的；极其令人厌烦的；极度尴尬的”，英文解释为“extremely boring or embarrassing”如：excruciating boredom 极其无聊。

Other changes in a long-awaited Labour strategy announced on Monday include outlawing hen cages and pig farrowing crates, ending puppy farming, consulting on banning electric shock collars for dogs and introducing humane slaughter requirements for farmed fish.

英国工党周一发布的这项酝酿已久战略中还提出多项措施，包括取缔蛋鸡笼养和母猪限位栏、禁止宠物犬繁育、研究是否禁止犬用电击项圈，以及为养殖鱼类设立人道屠宰标准。

outlaw /ˈaʊt.lɔː/ 表示“使成为非法；禁止；取缔”，英文解释为“to make something illegal or unacceptable”举个🌰：The new law will outlaw smoking in public places. 新法律将禁止在公共场所吸烟。

Labour pledged in its manifesto to extend the 2005 foxhunting ban to trail hunting. Animal welfare charities say trail hunting is being deployed as a “smokescreen” to carry on killing foxes.

工党在其宣言中承诺，将把2005年实施的猎狐禁令延伸至模拟狩猎。动物福利慈善组织指出，模拟狩猎正被用作继续猎杀狐狸的“障眼法”。

manifesto /ˌmæn.ɪˈfes.təʊ/ 表示“宣言”，英文解释为“a written statement of the beliefs, aims, and policies of an organization, especially a political party”

smokescreen /ˈsməʊk.skriːn/ 表示“（用于掩盖真实意图的）烟幕”，英文解释为“something that hides the truth about someone's intentions”举个🌰：Instead of doing something about the problem, the city council is hiding behind a smokescreen of bureaucracy. 市议会躲在官僚作风的烟幕后，不采取措施解决问题。

Nigel Farage, the leader of Reform UK, said the move was “authoritarian control freakery”. He added: “You might as well ban walking dogs in the countryside as they chase rabbits, hares, deer and foxes.”

英国改革党（Reform UK）领导人奈杰尔·法拉奇（Nigel Farage）称这一举措是“威权式的控制狂行为”。他还表示：“那你们干脆也禁止人们在乡村遛狗算了，因为狗也会追逐兔子、野兔、鹿和狐狸。”

freakery表示“怪诞、怪异的行为或事物”，通常带有强烈的负面或猎奇色彩。琦构成是freak（怪胎；狂热爱好者）加后缀-ery（表示集体、行为、状态、场所）。

Polling suggests that voters overwhelmingly support tougher rules on hunting, although Reform voters are more divided. According to findings from YouGov last year, 29% of the party's voters thought that hunting wild animals was acceptable, compared with 65% who thought it was not. Just 21% believed hunting with dogs should be allowed.

民调显示，选民整体上强烈支持对狩猎实施更严格的规定，但改革党的选民意见更为分化。根据舆观（YouGov）去年的调查结果，该党29%的选民认为猎杀野生动物是可以接受的，而65%认为不可接受，仅有21%认为应允许使用猎犬狩猎。

overwhelmingly /ˌoʊvərˈwelmɪŋli/ 表示“压倒性地；不可抵抗地”，英文解释为“strongly or completely; in an overwhelming way”举个🌰：The team were overwhelmingly defeated in yesterday's game. 在昨天的比赛中这支球队遭遇了惨败。

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