“今天是委内瑞拉明天可能是任何国家”

近日，智利总统博里奇在一新闻发布会上谴责美国对委内瑞拉的军事行动，称“今天是委内瑞拉，明天就可能是任何一个国家”。

今天你练听力了吗？

🤔️小作业：

1. Which of the following best summarises the overall international response pattern described in the passage?

A. A clear global consensus condemning both the strikes and the US involvement

B. A division between ideological allies condemning the strikes and others adopting conditional or cautious positions

C. Uniform condemnation from Latin America contrasted with support from Europe

D. Strong endorsement of the strikes by Western leaders and international organisations

无注释原文：

How has the world reacted?

From: BBC

The initial news of the strikes prompted the strongest reaction from Venezuela's long-term allies.

Russia accused the US of committing "an act of armed aggression" that was "deeply concerning and condemnable".

China's foreign ministry said in a statement that it was "deeply shocked and strongly condemns" the use of force against a sovereign country and its president.

Iran's foreign ministry called the strikes a "flagrant violation of the country's national sovereignty".

Many Latin American countries, including Venezuela's neighbours, Colombia and Brazil, also condemned the actions.

Cuba's President Miguel Diaz-Canel described them as a "criminal attack", while Colombian President Gustavo Petro called the strikes an "assault on the sovereignty".

Meanwhile, Trump's ally in Argentina, Javier Milei, wrote "freedom moves forward" and "long live freedom" on social media.

On the international stage, UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres was "deeply alarmed" by the strikes, with his spokesman saying in a statement they set a "dangerous precedent".

UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer said his government would "shed no tears" about the end of Maduro's regime and would discuss the "evolving situation" in Venezuela with US counterparts.

French President Emmanuel Macron said the transition of power "must be peaceful, democratic, and respectful of the will of the Venezuelan people" in a post on X.

German Chancellor Friedrich Merz said the legality of the US operation was "complex" and international law in general must apply.

The EU's top diplomat Kaja Kallas reiterated the bloc's position that Maduro lacks legitimacy and that there should be a peaceful transition of power, but said the principles of international law must be respected.

- ◆ -

注：完整题目见本文开头；中文文本为BBC官方译文，仅供参考

含注释全文：

How has the world reacted?

From: BBC

The initial news of the strikes prompted the strongest reaction from Venezuela's long-term allies.

袭击消息传出后，委内瑞拉的长期盟友反应最为强烈。

prompt /prɒmpt/ 作名词，1）表示“（计算机屏幕上的）提示符（显示计算机已经准备好接受指令）”，英文解释为“a sign on a computer screen that shows that the computer is ready to receive your instructions”

📍在ChatGPT火热的今天，prompt通常指的是给模型的输入，用来激发或引导模型生成特定的输出或回答。简而言之，prompt是指用户提供给语言模型的一段文字或命令，以便模型据此理解用户的需求并给出相应的响应或信息。例如，在与像ChatGPT这样的大语言模型交互时，用户提出的问题或指令就是一个“prompt”。模型会根据这个prompt的内容分析、处理并生成回答或执行相关的任务。Prompt对于大语言模型来说是非常关键的，因为它直接决定了模型如何理解和回应用户的需求。

📍prompt中文里有译为“提示词”，prompt engineering 就是“提示工程/提示词工程”

2）表示“（给演员的）提词，提白”，英文解释为“words that are spoken to an actor who has forgotten what he or she is going to say during the performance of a play”

3）作动词，表示“促使；导致；激起”，英文解释为“to make sb decide to do sth; to cause sth to happen”举个🌰：His speech prompted an angry outburst from a man in the crowd. 他的讲话激起了人群中一男子的愤怒。

📺美剧《斯巴达克斯：血与沙》（Spartacus: Blood and Sand）中的台词提到：One cannot but wonder what would prompt such an act 不知他们为何遭此不幸。

4）作动词，表示“（尤指）给（演员）提词”，英文解释为“to help someone, especially an actor, to remember what they were going to say or do”举个🌰：I forgot my line and had to be prompted. 我忘词了，只好让人提词。

ally /ˈæl.aɪ/ 表示“（尤指战时的）同盟国，盟友”，英文解释为“a country that has agreed officially to give help and support to another one, especially during a war”举个🌰：The US is one of Britain's staunchest allies. 美国是英国最忠实的盟友之一。

📍the Allies 特指“（第二次世界大战期间的）同盟国”，英文解释为“the countries, including the US, the UK, the USSR, and France, that fought against the Axis countries in the Second World War”

Russia accused the US of committing "an act of armed aggression" that was "deeply concerning and condemnable".

俄罗斯指责美国犯下“武装侵略行为”，称此举“极度令人担忧且应受谴责”。

armed /ɑːmd/ 表示“使用武器的，用武力的；带武器的，武装的”，英文解释为“using or carrying weapons”举个🌰：These men are armed and dangerous, and should not be approached. 这伙人持有武器，非常危险，不要靠近他们。

表示“侵略；侵犯；攻击；挑衅”，英文解释为“spoken or physical behaviour that is threatening or involves harm to someone or something”举个🌰：Some types of dog are bred for aggression. 某些品种的狗是养来起攻击作用的。

China's foreign ministry said in a statement that it was "deeply shocked and strongly condemns" the use of force against a sovereign country and its president.

中国外交部在声明中表示，对针对主权国家及其总统使用武力“深表震惊，予以强烈谴责”。

condemn /kənˈdem/ 表示“（通常指出于道义而）谴责，指责”，英文解释为“to criticize something or someone strongly, usually for moral reasons”举个🌰：The terrorist action has been condemned as an act of barbarism and cowardice. 人们谴责这一恐怖行径是野蛮和懦弱的行为。

🎬电影《英伦对决》（The Foreigner）中的台词提到：And I condemn these acts of violence, but I can't help you. 对这些暴力行为我表示谴责，但我帮不了你。

sovereign /ˈsɒv.ər.ɪn/ 作名词，表示“君主；元首；最高统治者”，英文解释为“a king or queen”

作形容词，sovereign /ˈsɒv.ər.ɪn/ 表示“至高无上的；完全独立的”，英文解释为“having the highest power or being completely independent”

Iran's foreign ministry called the strikes a "flagrant violation of the country's national sovereignty".

伊朗外交部称这次袭击是“公然侵犯国家主权”。

flagrant /ˈfleɪ.ɡrənt/ 表示“骇人听闻的；公然的；罪恶昭彰的”，英文解释为“(of a bad action, situation, person, etc.) shocking because of being so obvious”如：a flagrant misuse of funds 明目张胆的滥用资金。

Many Latin American countries, including Venezuela's neighbours, Colombia and Brazil, also condemned the actions.

许多拉美国家，包括委内瑞拉的邻国哥伦比亚和巴西也批评这一举动。

Cuba's President Miguel Diaz-Canel described them as a "criminal attack", while Colombian President Gustavo Petro called the strikes an "assault on the sovereignty".

古巴总统米格尔·迪亚斯-卡内尔（Miguel Diaz-Cane）则形容其为“犯罪攻击”，而哥伦比亚总统古斯塔沃·佩特罗（Gustavo Petro）称袭击是对拉丁美洲主权的“攻击”。

assault /əˈsɒlt/ 可以作动词也可以作名词，表示“袭击，攻击，猛攻”，英文解释为“a violent attack”；作名词时以表示“侵犯人身（罪），殴击他人身体（罪）”，如：sexual/indecent assault 性侵/猥亵。举个🌰：He was charged with sexual assault. 他被指控性侵犯。

Meanwhile, Trump's ally in Argentina, Javier Milei, wrote "freedom moves forward" and "long live freedom" on social media.

同时，美国在阿根廷的盟友哈维尔·米莱（Javier Milei）在社交媒体写道：“自由正在前进”以及“自由万岁”。

On the international stage, UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres was "deeply alarmed" by the strikes, with his spokesman saying in a statement they set a "dangerous precedent".

在国际舞台上，联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯（Antonio Guterres）对袭击“深感震惊”，其发言人表示，这树立了一个“危险的先例”。

precedent /ˈpres.ɪ.dənt/ 表示“先例，前例”，英文解释为“an action, situation, or decision that has already happened and can be used as a reason why a similar action or decision should be performed or made”举个🌰：There are several precedents for promoting people who don't have formal qualifications. 提拔没有正式学历的人是有几个先例的。

UK Prime Minister Keir Starmer said his government would "shed no tears" about the end of Maduro's regime and would discuss the "evolving situation" in Venezuela with US counterparts.

英国首相基尔·斯塔默（Keir Starmer）表示，英国政府对马杜罗政权的终结“不会流一滴泪”，并将与美国讨论委内瑞拉“局势演变”。

shed /ʃed/ 作名词，表示“（通常为木质、存放物品用的）棚子，小屋”，英文解释为“a small building, usually made of wood, used for storing things”如：a tool/storage shed 工具/储物棚，a garden/bicycle shed 花园/自行车棚。

作动词，shed 1）表示“使脱落；使掉落；蜕；脱”，英文解释为“to lose a covering, such as leaves, hair, or skin, because it falls off naturally, or to drop something in a natural way or by accident”举个🌰：The trees shed their leaves in autumn. 树木在秋天落叶。

2）表示“（常为报刊用语）去除，摆脱”，英文解释为“(often used in newspapers) to get rid of something you do not need or want”举个🌰：900 jobs will be shed over the next few months. 接下来几个月中要裁减900个职位。

📍shed tears, blood, light, etc. 表示“流泪/流血/发光（等等）”，英文解释为“to produce tears, light, blood, etc.”举个🌰：She shed a few tears at her daughter's wedding. 她在女儿的婚礼上流下了泪。

📍shed no tears字面意思“不流一滴眼泪”，其引申义是：（为某人或某事）不感到悲伤，毫不惋惜，毫不同情。举个🌰：The old, inefficient factory closed down. The shareholders shed no tears over its demise, as it had been losing money for years. 那座低效的老工厂倒闭了。股东们对此毫不惋惜，因为它已经亏损多年了。

regime /reɪˈʒiːm/ 1）表示“政府；政权；政体”，英文解释为“a particular government or a system or method of government”

2）表示“组织方法；管理体制；体系”，英文解释为“a particular way of operating or organizing a business, etc.”举个🌰：The regime in this office is hard work and more hard work. 该事务所的管理方式是让人努力再努力。

区分：

📍regimen /ˈredʒ.ɪ.mən/ 表示“（尤指为了增进健康的）生活规则，养生之道，养生法”，英文解释为“any set of rules about food and exercise that someone follows, especially in order to improve their health”举个🌰：After his heart attack the doctor put him on a strict regimen. 他的心脏病发作后，医生给他制订了严格的生活规则。

counterpart一词经常出现，counter-表示“相反的；对立的；相应的”（opposite; against; in return; corresponding），和part一起就是“对立的，相应的事物”，从而表示“职位相当的人；作用相当的事物”，英文解释为“Somene's or something's counterpart is another person or thing that has a similar function or position in a different place.”

French President Emmanuel Macron said the transition of power "must be peaceful, democratic, and respectful of the will of the Venezuelan people" in a post on X.

法国总统艾曼纽·马克龙（Emmanuel Macron）在X上表示，权力过渡“必须和平、民主，并尊重委内瑞拉人民的意愿”。

German Chancellor Friedrich Merz said the legality of the US operation was "complex" and international law in general must apply.

德国总理弗里德里希·梅尔兹（Friedrich Merz）表示，美国行动的合法性很“复杂”，国际法必须适用。

legality /liːˈɡæl.ə.ti/ 表示“合法，合法性”，英文解释为“the fact that something is allowed by the law”举个🌰：Six journalists sought to challenge in court the legality of the ban on broadcasting. 6名记者在法庭上试图对禁播令的合法性提出质疑。

The EU's top diplomat Kaja Kallas reiterated the bloc's position that Maduro lacks legitimacy and that there should be a peaceful transition of power, but said the principles of international law must be respected.

欧盟外交主管卡雅·卡拉斯（Kaja Kallas）重申欧盟立场，认为马杜罗缺乏合法性，应进行和平权力过渡，但强调必须尊重国际法原则。

reiterate /riˈɪt.ər.eɪt/ 表示“反复地说，反复讲；重申”，英文解释为“to say something again, once or several times”举个🌰：She reiterated that she had never seen him before. 她一再重申自己以前从未见过他。

bloc /blɒk/ 表示“集团，阵营（指具有类似政治利益的国家或人的群体）”，英文解释为“a group of countries or people that have similar political interests”举个🌰：The European Union is a powerful trading/trade bloc. 欧盟是一个强大的贸易集团。

legitimacy /ləˈdʒɪt.ə.mə.si/ 表示“合法性”，英文解释为“the quality of being legal ”举个🌰：The lawyers expressed serious doubts about the legitimacy of military action. 律师们对军事行动的合法性表示强烈怀疑。

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